四种植物化学与生物活性研究
|
摘要
本论文共由四章组成。第一章对华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔，椭圆线柱苣苔的化学成分进行研究。第二章对华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔的各提取部位及单体化合物进行了体外抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶、体外抗氧化和抗菌活性筛选。第三章，综述了苦苣苔科植物的应用、化学成分、药理活性和分类学研究现状，以期对其进行更好的开发利用。第四章对海州常山花的挥发性成分进行了研究。
第一章华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔化学成分研究
采用柱色谱方法对华丽芒毛苣苔的地上部分进行系统的化学成分研究。从华丽芒毛苣苔地上部分的乙酸乙酯和甲醇部位中分离鉴定了12个化合物。分别为β-谷甾醇(1)，羽扇豆醇(2)，carissol (3)，3-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid (4)，3-hydroxy-5,12-oleanadien-28-oic-acid (5)，芹菜素(6)，5,7,4'-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮(7)，熊果酸(8)，β-胡萝卜苷(9)，2,6-二甲基-4-甲氧基-5-羟基苯甲酸(10)和3,24-dihdroxy-12-oleanen-28-oicacid (11)和3,24-dihdroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (12)。化合物1~12为首次从该植物中分离得到；8～12为首次从该属中分离得到；2、3、5、6、7、10、11和12为首次从该科植物中得到。
采用柱色谱方法对具斑芒毛苣苔的地上部分进行了系统的化学成分研究。从具斑芒毛苣苔地上部分的乙酸乙酯和甲醇部位中分离得到11个化合物，鉴定了其中的10个，分别为羽扇豆醇(1)，豆甾醇(2)，熊果酸(3)，豆甾-5,22(E)-二烯-3β-醇(4)，β-胡萝卜苷(5)，3-hydroxy-12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid (6)，齐墩果酸(8)，12-乌苏酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)，12-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)，12-齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(11)。化合物1~11为首次从该植物中分离得到，6，9，10，11为首次从该科中分离得到，6，8，9，10，11为首次从该属植物中分离得到。
采用柱色谱方法对椭圆线柱苣苔的地上部分进行了系统的化学成分研究。从椭圆线柱苣苔地上部分的乙酸乙酯和甲醇部位中分离得到8个化合物，鉴定了其中的6个，分别为β-谷甾醇(1)，熊果酸(2)，豆甾醇(3)，齐墩果烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)，β-胡萝卜苷(5)，正十八烷酸(6)。化合物1~6为首次从该植物中分离得到，且为首次从该属中分离得到。
第二章华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔生物活性研究
采用96微孔板法对华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔不同溶剂提取物及部分分离得到的化合物进行体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究。结果显示华丽芒毛苣苔石油醚部位，具斑芒毛苣苔的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位和甲醇部位，椭圆线柱苣苔的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位有较好的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。且活性顺序为椭圆线柱苣苔石油醚部位>具斑芒毛苣苔石油醚部位>华丽芒毛苣苔石油醚部位>椭圆线柱苣苔乙酸乙酯部位>具斑芒毛苣苔乙酸乙酯部位>具斑芒毛苣苔甲醇部位。化合物羽扇豆醇、carissol、5,7,4'-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮、熊果酸、豆甾-5,22(E)-二烯-3β-醇、3-hydroxy-12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid和齐墩果酸也具有好的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。
采用DPPH、ABTS和FRAP3种方法综合评价华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔三种苦苣苔科植物不同溶剂提取物及分离得到的化合物体外抗氧化活性。华丽芒毛苣苔乙酸乙酯部位、甲醇部位和具斑芒毛苣苔乙酸乙酯部位、甲醇部位的抗氧化活性较好，且三种植物的提取物对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基的清除能力及对Fe~(3+)的还原能力，均有一定的剂量依赖性。
对华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔三种苦苣苔科植物总甲醇提取物及部分单体化合物的体外抗菌活性研究。三种植物总甲醇提取物对SA均有抑制作用，单体无活性。
第三章苦苣苔科植物研究进展
从植物系统分类学、园林应用、化学成分和药理作用等方面对苦苣苔科植物的研究现状进行了综述，以期对该科植物进行更好的开发利用。
第四章海州常山花的挥发性成分研究
采用顶空固相微萃取和气质联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS)，分析了海州常山花的挥发性成分。从海州常山花中共鉴定出了27个化合物，占挥发油成分总峰面积的94.10%，主要有烷烃、醛、醇和酸类。其中含量较高的成分有2,6,10,14-四甲基十六烷(17.25%)、棕榈醛(10.57%)、1-辛烯-3-醇(6.78%)、苯甲醛(6.10%)和棕榈酸(4.85%)。
This dissertation is composed of four chapters. The first chapter included the isolation andidentification of compounds from Aeschynanthus superbus, Aeschynanthus maculatus, and Rhyncho-techum ellipticum. The second chapter studied the antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-bacteriasactivity of different extracts and compounds from A.superbus, A. maculatus, and R.ellipticum werereported. The third chapter summarized the progress of landscape application, chemical constituent,pharmaceutical activity and taxonomy of the Gesneriaceae family.The four chapter studied the volatilesfrom the flowers of Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb.
Chapter1. The chemical constituents of Aeschynanthus superbus, Aeschynanthusmaculatus and Rhynchotechum ellipticum.
1. The chemical constituents from the A. superbus were studied by column chromatography.Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1), lupeol (2), carissol (3),3-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid (4),3β-hydroxy-5,12-oleanadien-28-oic-acid (5), apigenin (6),5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (7), ursolic acid (8), β-daucosterol (9),2,6,-dimethyl-4-methoxy-5-hydroxy benzoic acid(10), mixture of3,24-dihdroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (11) and3,24-dihdroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (12).Compound1~12were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound8~12were isolated fromAeschynanthus genus for the first time. Compound2~7,10~12were isolated from this family for the firsttime.
2. The chemical constituents from the A. maculatus were studied by column chromatography.Ten compounds were isolated and identified from the A. maculatus as lupeol (1), stigmasterol (2), ursolicacid (3), stigmast-5,22(E)-diene-3β-ol (4), β-daucosterol (5),3-hydroxy-12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid (6),oleanolic acid (7),3-hydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid,3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8),3-hydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid,28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) and3-hydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid,3-O-β-D-glucop-yranoside (11). Compound1~11were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound6~11wasisolated from Aeschynanthus genus for the first time. Compound6~11were isolated from this family forthe first time.
3. The chemical constituents from the R. ellipticum were studied by column chromatography. Sixcompounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1), ursolic acid (2), stigmasterol (3),3-hydroxy-12-oleanane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), β-daucosterol (5) and octadecanoic acid (6). Compound1~6were isolated from this plant for the first time. And also were isolated from the Rhynchotechum Jack forthe first time.
Chapter2. The biological activity of Aeschynanthus superbus, Aeschynanthus maculatus,and Rhynchotechum ellipticum.
1. The inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase of different extracts and compounds from A.superbus, A. maculatus and R. ellipticum were screened in a96-well plate. Petroleum ether extracts of thethree plants and EtOAC extracts of A. maculatus and R. ellipticum showed stronger inhibitory effectagainst a-glucosidase, and were much higher than that of acarbose (IC50=1103.01μg·mL-1). Compoundslupeol, carissol,5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone, ursolic acid, stigmast-5,22(E)-diene-3β-ol,3-hydroxy -12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid and oleanolic acid also exhibited stronger inhibitory activity.
2. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to screen the antioxidant activity of differentextracts and compounds from A. superbus, A. maculatus, and R. ellipticum. EtOAC and the MeOH extractsfrom A. superbus and A. maculatus showed better antioxidant activity.
3. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (SA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA) and β-lactamase positive Staphylococcus aureus (ESBLs-SA) of total methol extracts andcompounds from A. superbus, A. maculatus and R. ellipticum were assayed. Three total methol extractsexhibited antibacterial activity of SA. The compounds displayed no activity.
Chapter3. The study progress of the Gesneriaceae
The study progress of systematic taxonomy, landscape application, chemical constituent andpharmaceutical of the Gesneriaceae were summarized.
Chapter4. The volatiles in the Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb.
The volatiles from the flowers of Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb. were analyzed byhead-space solid micro-extraction, coupled with GC-MS for the first time.27compounds were identifiedfrom the C. trichotomum and account for94.10%of the total volatiles. Hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcoholsand acids were dominant in the flowers. The main compounds were2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-hexadecane(17.25%), hexadecanal (10.57%),1-octen-3-ol (6.78%), benzaldehyde (6.10%) and n-hexadecanoic acid(4.85%).
第一章华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔化学成分研究
采用柱色谱方法对华丽芒毛苣苔的地上部分进行系统的化学成分研究。从华丽芒毛苣苔地上部分的乙酸乙酯和甲醇部位中分离鉴定了12个化合物。分别为β-谷甾醇(1)，羽扇豆醇(2)，carissol (3)，3-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid (4)，3-hydroxy-5,12-oleanadien-28-oic-acid (5)，芹菜素(6)，5,7,4'-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮(7)，熊果酸(8)，β-胡萝卜苷(9)，2,6-二甲基-4-甲氧基-5-羟基苯甲酸(10)和3,24-dihdroxy-12-oleanen-28-oicacid (11)和3,24-dihdroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (12)。化合物1~12为首次从该植物中分离得到；8～12为首次从该属中分离得到；2、3、5、6、7、10、11和12为首次从该科植物中得到。
采用柱色谱方法对具斑芒毛苣苔的地上部分进行了系统的化学成分研究。从具斑芒毛苣苔地上部分的乙酸乙酯和甲醇部位中分离得到11个化合物，鉴定了其中的10个，分别为羽扇豆醇(1)，豆甾醇(2)，熊果酸(3)，豆甾-5,22(E)-二烯-3β-醇(4)，β-胡萝卜苷(5)，3-hydroxy-12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid (6)，齐墩果酸(8)，12-乌苏酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)，12-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)，12-齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(11)。化合物1~11为首次从该植物中分离得到，6，9，10，11为首次从该科中分离得到，6，8，9，10，11为首次从该属植物中分离得到。
采用柱色谱方法对椭圆线柱苣苔的地上部分进行了系统的化学成分研究。从椭圆线柱苣苔地上部分的乙酸乙酯和甲醇部位中分离得到8个化合物，鉴定了其中的6个，分别为β-谷甾醇(1)，熊果酸(2)，豆甾醇(3)，齐墩果烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)，β-胡萝卜苷(5)，正十八烷酸(6)。化合物1~6为首次从该植物中分离得到，且为首次从该属中分离得到。
第二章华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔生物活性研究
采用96微孔板法对华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔不同溶剂提取物及部分分离得到的化合物进行体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究。结果显示华丽芒毛苣苔石油醚部位，具斑芒毛苣苔的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位和甲醇部位，椭圆线柱苣苔的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位有较好的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。且活性顺序为椭圆线柱苣苔石油醚部位>具斑芒毛苣苔石油醚部位>华丽芒毛苣苔石油醚部位>椭圆线柱苣苔乙酸乙酯部位>具斑芒毛苣苔乙酸乙酯部位>具斑芒毛苣苔甲醇部位。化合物羽扇豆醇、carissol、5,7,4'-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮、熊果酸、豆甾-5,22(E)-二烯-3β-醇、3-hydroxy-12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid和齐墩果酸也具有好的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。
采用DPPH、ABTS和FRAP3种方法综合评价华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔三种苦苣苔科植物不同溶剂提取物及分离得到的化合物体外抗氧化活性。华丽芒毛苣苔乙酸乙酯部位、甲醇部位和具斑芒毛苣苔乙酸乙酯部位、甲醇部位的抗氧化活性较好，且三种植物的提取物对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基的清除能力及对Fe~(3+)的还原能力，均有一定的剂量依赖性。
对华丽芒毛苣苔、具斑芒毛苣苔和椭圆线柱苣苔三种苦苣苔科植物总甲醇提取物及部分单体化合物的体外抗菌活性研究。三种植物总甲醇提取物对SA均有抑制作用，单体无活性。
第三章苦苣苔科植物研究进展
从植物系统分类学、园林应用、化学成分和药理作用等方面对苦苣苔科植物的研究现状进行了综述，以期对该科植物进行更好的开发利用。
第四章海州常山花的挥发性成分研究
采用顶空固相微萃取和气质联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS)，分析了海州常山花的挥发性成分。从海州常山花中共鉴定出了27个化合物，占挥发油成分总峰面积的94.10%，主要有烷烃、醛、醇和酸类。其中含量较高的成分有2,6,10,14-四甲基十六烷(17.25%)、棕榈醛(10.57%)、1-辛烯-3-醇(6.78%)、苯甲醛(6.10%)和棕榈酸(4.85%)。
This dissertation is composed of four chapters. The first chapter included the isolation andidentification of compounds from Aeschynanthus superbus, Aeschynanthus maculatus, and Rhyncho-techum ellipticum. The second chapter studied the antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-bacteriasactivity of different extracts and compounds from A.superbus, A. maculatus, and R.ellipticum werereported. The third chapter summarized the progress of landscape application, chemical constituent,pharmaceutical activity and taxonomy of the Gesneriaceae family.The four chapter studied the volatilesfrom the flowers of Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb.
Chapter1. The chemical constituents of Aeschynanthus superbus, Aeschynanthusmaculatus and Rhynchotechum ellipticum.
1. The chemical constituents from the A. superbus were studied by column chromatography.Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1), lupeol (2), carissol (3),3-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid (4),3β-hydroxy-5,12-oleanadien-28-oic-acid (5), apigenin (6),5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (7), ursolic acid (8), β-daucosterol (9),2,6,-dimethyl-4-methoxy-5-hydroxy benzoic acid(10), mixture of3,24-dihdroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (11) and3,24-dihdroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (12).Compound1~12were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound8~12were isolated fromAeschynanthus genus for the first time. Compound2~7,10~12were isolated from this family for the firsttime.
2. The chemical constituents from the A. maculatus were studied by column chromatography.Ten compounds were isolated and identified from the A. maculatus as lupeol (1), stigmasterol (2), ursolicacid (3), stigmast-5,22(E)-diene-3β-ol (4), β-daucosterol (5),3-hydroxy-12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid (6),oleanolic acid (7),3-hydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid,3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8),3-hydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid,28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) and3-hydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid,3-O-β-D-glucop-yranoside (11). Compound1~11were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound6~11wasisolated from Aeschynanthus genus for the first time. Compound6~11were isolated from this family forthe first time.
3. The chemical constituents from the R. ellipticum were studied by column chromatography. Sixcompounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1), ursolic acid (2), stigmasterol (3),3-hydroxy-12-oleanane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), β-daucosterol (5) and octadecanoic acid (6). Compound1~6were isolated from this plant for the first time. And also were isolated from the Rhynchotechum Jack forthe first time.
Chapter2. The biological activity of Aeschynanthus superbus, Aeschynanthus maculatus,and Rhynchotechum ellipticum.
1. The inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase of different extracts and compounds from A.superbus, A. maculatus and R. ellipticum were screened in a96-well plate. Petroleum ether extracts of thethree plants and EtOAC extracts of A. maculatus and R. ellipticum showed stronger inhibitory effectagainst a-glucosidase, and were much higher than that of acarbose (IC50=1103.01μg·mL-1). Compoundslupeol, carissol,5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone, ursolic acid, stigmast-5,22(E)-diene-3β-ol,3-hydroxy -12-taraxasten-28-oic-acid and oleanolic acid also exhibited stronger inhibitory activity.
2. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to screen the antioxidant activity of differentextracts and compounds from A. superbus, A. maculatus, and R. ellipticum. EtOAC and the MeOH extractsfrom A. superbus and A. maculatus showed better antioxidant activity.
3. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (SA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA) and β-lactamase positive Staphylococcus aureus (ESBLs-SA) of total methol extracts andcompounds from A. superbus, A. maculatus and R. ellipticum were assayed. Three total methol extractsexhibited antibacterial activity of SA. The compounds displayed no activity.
Chapter3. The study progress of the Gesneriaceae
The study progress of systematic taxonomy, landscape application, chemical constituent andpharmaceutical of the Gesneriaceae were summarized.
Chapter4. The volatiles in the Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb.
The volatiles from the flowers of Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb. were analyzed byhead-space solid micro-extraction, coupled with GC-MS for the first time.27compounds were identifiedfrom the C. trichotomum and account for94.10%of the total volatiles. Hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcoholsand acids were dominant in the flowers. The main compounds were2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-hexadecane(17.25%), hexadecanal (10.57%),1-octen-3-ol (6.78%), benzaldehyde (6.10%) and n-hexadecanoic acid(4.85%).
引文
[1]李锡文.云南芒毛苣苔属植物[J].云南植物研究,1983,5(1):25-38.
[2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所.云南植物志.北京:科学出版社,1991,518-543.
[3] Li S M, Yang X W, Shen YH, et al. Chemical constituents of Aeschynanthus bracteatus and their weakanti-inflammatory activities[J]. Phytochemistry,2008,69(11):2200.
[4]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(17):2118-2120.
[5]陈林,康文艺.长茎芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2758-2760.
[6] Kang W Y, Chen L, Zang X Y. Sesquiterpenes and triterpenes from Aeschynanthus mengxinggensis[J].Chem Nat Compound,2010,46(4):661-664.
[7]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22(1):122-125.
[8]康文艺,陈林,藏鑫炎.卷丝苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(20):2607-2609.
[9]康文艺,姬志强,王金梅.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔脂肪酸成分的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发.2009,21:203-207.
[10]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[11]黄晓君,殷志琦,叶文才,等.女贞子的化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(7):861-864.
[12] Naim, Z, Khan MA, Nizami SS. Isolation of a new triterpenic alcohol from Carissa Carandas.Pakistan[J]. J. Sci. Ind. Res,1985,28(6):378-381.
[13] Mahato SB, Kundu AP.13C-NMR Spectra of pentacyclic triterpenoidsa-a compilation and somesalient features[J]. Phytochemistry,1994,37(6):1517-1575.
[14]张宪民,吴大刚.昆明山海棠根的齐墩果烷型三萜成分[J].云南植物研究,1993,15(1):92-96.
[15]郭春晓,吕静,袁久志,等.油松松针的化学成分[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2010,27(3):202-204.
[16]邓世明,杨先会,王宁,等.外来入侵植物假臭草的黄酮类成分研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(12):2548-2550.
[17]张洁,喻蓉,吴霞,等.枸骨叶的化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20:821-823.
[18]韦松,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.怀牛膝中化合物的分离鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(5):293.
[19] Mahato SB, Kundu AP.13C-NMR Spectra of pentacyclic triterpenoidsa-a compilation and somesalient features[J]. Phytochemistry,1994,37(6):1525-1558.
[20]林萍,田昆.华丽芒毛苣苔的观赏价值及土壤条件的初步研究[J].西南林学院学报,1995,15(4):27-31.
[1]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.苦苣苔科植物研究进展.中国新药杂志,2003,12(4):261-263.
[2]李锡文.云南芒毛苣苔属植物[J].云南植物研究,1983,5(1):25-38.
[3]陈林,康文艺.长茎芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2758-2760.
[4]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(17):2118-2120.
[5] Li SM, Yang XW, Shen Y H, et al. Chemical constituents of Aeschynanthus bracteatus and their weakanti-inflammatory activities[J]. Phytochemistry,2008,69(11):2200.
[6] Harborne J B. Comparative biochemistry of flavonoids-II3-desoxyanthocyanins and their systematicdistribution inffernsand gesnerads[J]. Phytochemistry,1966,5:589.
[7] Harborne J B. Comparative biochemistry of the flavonoids-VI Flavonoids patterns in the Bignoniaceaeand Gesneriaceae [J]. Phytochemistry,1967,6:1643.
[8]姚霞珍,刘峻坪,周鹏.西藏野生花卉资源概况及在园林园艺中的应用探讨[J].中国林副特产,2007,91(6):73-76.
[9]黄晓君,殷志琦,叶文才,等.女贞子的化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(7):861-864.
[10]姚巍,林文艳,周长新,等.蒙古蒲公英化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(10):926-929.
[11]张洁,喻蓉,吴霞,等.枸骨叶的化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20:821-823.
[12]韦松,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.怀牛膝中化合物的分离鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(5):293.
[13] Naim Z, Khan M A, Nizami S S. Isolation of a new isomer of ursolic acid from fruits and leaves ofCarissa Carandas. Pakistan[J]. J.Sci.Ind.Res,1988,31(10):753-755.
[14]林朝展,祝晨蔯,邓贵华,等.枇杷叶紫珠化学成分研究[J].中药材,2010,33(6):897-900.
[15]姜泓,初正云,王虹霞,等.黄花败酱化学成分[J].中草药,2003,34(11):978-980.
[16]张桢,刘光明,肖怀,等.狐尾葛的化学成分研究[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(3):702-703.
[17]康文艺.三种茜草科植物化学及其抗菌活性研究[D].中国科学院研究生院.
[18]李延芳,李明慧,楼凤昌,等.黄花败酱的化学成分研究[J].中国药科大学学报,2002,33(2):102-103.
[1] Burtt, B.L. Studies in the Gesneriaceae of the Old World. X XI Rhynchotechum and Isanthera[J]. Not.Bot. Gard. Edinb.1962,24(1):35-39.
[2] Burtt, B.L. Studies in the Gesneriaceae of the Old World. X X VI Tentative Keys to the tribes andgeneta[J]. L.c.1962,24(3):205-220.
[3]王文采.中国线柱苣苔属校订[J].广西植物,1984,4(3):183-189.
[4]陈聪颖,陆阳,陈泽乃.毛线柱苣苔中蒽醌的化学成分研究[J].上海第二军医大学学报,2001,21(6):488-491.
[5] Lu Y, Xu P.J., Chen Z.N., et al. The anthraquinones of Rhynchotechum vestitum[J]. Phytochemistry,1998,47(2):315-317.
[6]刘光明,陈泽乃,姚天荣,等.毛线柱苣苔化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1990,25(9):699-704.
[7] Lu Y, Xu P.J., Chen Z.N., et al. Ahthraquinones glycosides from Rhynchotechum vestitum[J].Phytochemistry,1998,49(4):1135-1137.
[8]海力茜,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.多序岩黄芪化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(11):843-845.
[9]张洁,喻蓉,吴霞,等.枸骨叶的化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20:821-823.
[10] Lu YQ, Zhang CF, Zhang M. Chemical constituents of Ixeris sonchifolia[J]. J Chin Pharm Scien,2007,16(3):214-217.
[11]李延芳,李明慧,楼凤昌,等.黄花败酱的化学成分研究[J].中国药科大学学报,2002,33(2):102-103.
[12]姜泓,初正云,王虹霞,等.黄花败酱化学成分[J].中草药,2003,34(11):978-980.
[13]韦松,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.怀牛膝中化合物的分离鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(5):293.
[14]朱稍晖,张前军,陈青,等.鱼眼草化学成分研究[J].中药材,2010,33(1):53-55.
[1]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.苦苣苔科植物研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2003,12(4):261-263.
[2]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22:122-125.
[3]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[4]魏金凤,陈林,王金梅,等.髯丝蛛毛苣苔和吊石苣苔抗菌活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(14):1975-1978.
[5]陈聪颖,陆阳,陈泽乃.毛线柱苣苔中蒽醌的化学成分研究[J].上海第二军医大学学报,2001,21(6):488-491.
[6]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22:122-125.
[7]巩芳,尹震花,顾雪竹,等.三白草提取物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性[J].河南大学学报(医学版),2011,30(4):247-249.
[8]张倩,常星,康文艺.芭蕉的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(2):125-126.
[9]张倩.芭蕉根、芭蕉花和南湖菱活性成分研究[D].河南大学
[10]康文艺,李彩芳,宋艳丽.蝉翼藤抗氧化口山酮成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(16):1982-1985.
[11]李园园,王俊霞,曹乃锋,等.河南产景天三七抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2011,23(2):337-340.
[12]尹震花,顾雪竹,张一冰,等.三白草抗氧化活性[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(4):99-102.
[13]康文艺,宋艳丽,李彩芳,等.核桃仁抗氧化活性研究[J].精细化工,2009,26(3):269-272.
[14]张前军,刘瑜新,康文艺,等.饿蚂蝗抗氧化活性研究[J].中成药,2010,32(11):1980-1982.
[15]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[16]闫杏莲,李昌勤,刘瑜新,等.头花蓼抗氧化活性研究[J].中国药房,2010,21(39):3659-3661.
[17]李昌勤,赵琳,杨宇婷,等.丹参生品及不同炮制品的体外抗菌活性研究[J].中成药,2011,33(11):112-115.
[18] Kang W Y, Chen L, Zang X Y. Sesquiterpenes and triterpenes from Aeschymanthus mengxinggensis[J].Chem Nat Compd,2010,46(4):661.
[19]李昌勤,赵琳,康文艺.补骨脂生品及不同炮制品体外抗菌活性研究[J].中成药,2012,34(1):110-113.
[1]李振宁,王印政.中国苦苣苔科植物[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2004.
[2] Weber A. Gesneriaceae: a scientific perspective [EM/OL]. Available f rom: http://www.gesneriadsca/Articles/Weber%20-%20Scientific%20Overview/Gesneriaceae_Article_Weber. Htm.
[3]李振宁.苦苣苔科的地理分布[J].植物分类学报,1996,34(4):341-360.
[4] Burtt B. Studies on the Gesneriaceae of the old world XXIV: t entative keys to the tribes and genera[J].Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh,1962,24:205-220.
[5]冯志舟.苦苣苔科植物[J].百科知识,2009,11(22):37-38.
[6]未毅刚,钟树华,文和群.广西苦苣苔科植物区系和特点研究[J].云南植物研究,2004,2:173-182.
[7]肖培根.新华本草纲要[M].上海:上海科技出版社,1990,329.
[8]曾美玉.中国中药资源志要[M].北京:科学出版社,1994,1177-1193.
[9] Zimmer, E. A. Roalson, E. H. Skog, et al. Phylogenetic relationships in the Gesnerioideae(Gesneriaceae) based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL-F and trnE-T spacer region sequences[J].American Journal of Botany,2002,89(2):296-311.
[10] Wang CN, Michael M, Quentin CB. Cronk. Populat ionGenetic Structure of Titanotrichum oldhamii(Gesneriaceae), a Sub2tropical Bulbil iferous Plant with Mixed Sexual and Asexual Reproduction[J].Annals of Botany,2004,93(2):201-209.
[11]鲁元学,孙先凤,周其兴,等.云南十种苦苣苔科植物的染色体数目报道[J].云南植物研究,2002,24(3):377-382.
[12]严志坚,李振宇.宽叶吊石苣苔的胚胎学研究及其系统学意义[J].杭州师范学院学报(自然科学版),2003,2(3):23-26.
[13]王印政,顾志建.直瓣苣苔属、筒花苣苔属和吊石苣苔属4个种的核形态学研究[J].植物分类学报,1999,37(2):137-142.
[14]温放,李湛东.广西苦苣苔科植物资源及产业化前景[J].广西园艺,2005,16(4):56-59.
[15] Prabir KG, Anjan Bhattacharyya.5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone from the immature leaves ofdidymocarpus Pedicellata [J]. Phytochemistry,1992,31(5):1833-1834.
[16] Lu Y, Xu PJ,Chen ZN, et al. Anthraquinone glycosides from rhynchotechumvestitum[J].Phytochemistry,1998,49(4):1135-1138.
[17]蔡祥海,邓德山,马云保,等.牛耳朵化学成分研究[J].中草药,2005,36(4):510-512.
[18]王满元,杨岚,屠呦呦.红药化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(4):307-308.
[19] Christian T, Hildebert Wagner, Rudolf Baue, et al. Antioxidant system in boea ygroscopica:changes in responce to dessication and rehydsration[J]. Phytochemistry,1996,42(2):495-500.
[20] Otero R, Nunez V, Barona J, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of Colombia.Part Ⅲ: Neutralization of the haemorrhagic effect of Bothrops atroxvenom [J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,73(1-2):233-241.
[21] Otero R, Fonnegra R, Jimenez SL, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region ofColombia. Dart I: Traditional use of plants[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,71(3):493-504.
[22] Burtt B. L., Wiehler H. Classification of the family Gesneriaceae[J]. Gesneriana1995,1(1):1-4.
[23] Wiehler H. The re-establishement of Moussonia Regel(Gesneriaceae)[J]. Selbyana1975,1:22-31.
[24] Moore H.E. Comments on cultivated Gesneriaceae[J]. Baileya1973,19:35-41.
[25] Hilliard OM, Burrt Hsu BL. CC Preliminary chromosome studies on the vascular plants ofTaiwan(Ⅱ)[J].Taiwania1968,14:11-27.
[26] Hsu. CC Preliminary chromosome studies on the vascular plants of Taiwan(Ⅱ)[J].Taiwania,1968,14:11-27.
[27]王印政,顾志建.直瓣苣苔属、筒花苣苔属和吊石苣苔属4个种的核形态学研究[J].植物分类学报,1999,37(2):137-142.
[28]王印政,顾志建,洪德元.异叶苣苔属(苦苣苔科)的核型研究Karyotypes of Whytockia(Gesneriaceae)[J].植物分类学报,1998,36(1):28-35.
[29]鲁元学,孙先凤,周其兴,等.云南十种苦苣苔科植物的染色体数目报道[J].云南植物研究,2002,24(3):377-382.
[30]曹丽敏,曹明,唐咸来,等.广西苦苣苔科四种植物的染色体数目报道[J].广西植物,2003,23(4):331-333.
[31]曹明,林春蕊,唐赛春,等.广西苦苣苔科植物花粉形态[J].广西植物,2003,23(2):139-142.
[32]王印政.异叶苣苔属地上茎的生长式样及其系统发育意义[J].植物分类学报,2000,38(3):231-235.
[33]汪小全,李振宇. rDNA片段的序列分析在苦苣苔亚科系统学研究中的应用[J].植物分类学报,1998,36(2):97-105.
[34]李振宁.幽谷奇葩-苦苣苔科植物[J].大自然,2005,4:4-6.
[35]史佑海,徐世松,黄觉武.海南苦苣苔科野生植物资源及其观赏特性评价[J].北方园艺,2011,11:79-82.
[36]代正福,罗冠勇.中国热带特有野生苦苣苔科观赏植物资源[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(1):13-15.
[37] Wiehler H. A synopsis of the neotropical Gesneriaceae [J]. Selbyana,1983,6(14):12-19.
[38] Jones C, Rich P. Ornithophily and extraf loral color patterns in Columnea floridaMorton(Gesneriaceae)[J]. Bulletin of the Southern California Acade my of Sciences,1972,71(3):113-116.
[39]臧鑫炎.勐醒芒毛苣苔和卷丝苣苔化学成分研究[D].河南大学.
[40] Lu Y, Xu PJ, Chen ZN, et al. Anthraquinone glycosides from rhynchotechum vestitum[J].Phytochemistry,1998,49(4):1135-1138.
[41]陈聪颖,陆阳,陈泽乃.毛线柱苣苔中蒽醌的化学成分研究[J].上海第二医科大学学报,2001,21(6):488-491.
[42]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等,石胆草化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(21):926-928.
[43]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等,石胆草中苯乙醇苷的分离与结构鉴定[J].药学学报,2003,38(2):116-119.
[44]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等,石胆草中的苯乙醇苷类成分研究[J].中草药,2002,33(10):881-883.
[45]郑晓珂,刘云宝,李军,等.石胆草中的一个新苯乙醇苷[J].药学学报,2004,39(9):716-718.
[46]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.石胆草中两个新的苯乙醇苷类成分[J].药学学报,2003,38(4):268-271.
[47] Soren D, Soren Rosendal Jensen. Three phenylethanoed glucosides of unusal structure f rom chiritasinensis [J]. Phytochemistry,1994,37(2):441-444.
[48] Prabir KG, Anjan Bhattacharyya.5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone from the immature leaves ofdidymocarpus Pedicellata[J]. Phytochemistry,1992,31(5):1833-1834.
[49] Zhou LD, Yu J G, Guo J, et al. Compounds from roots of chirita fimbrisepala Hand. Mazz [J]. J ChinMat Med,2001,26(2):114-116.
[50] Liu Y, Hildebert W, Rudolf B, et al. Nevaclensin glucosides from lysionotus pauciflorus[J].Phytochemistry,1996,42(4):1203-1205.
[51]冯卫生,李倩,郑晓珂,等.吊石苣苔中的化学成分[J].天然产物研究与开发,2006,18:617-620.
[52]田璞玉,王金梅,康文艺.华丽芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(23):1795-1797.
[53]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔中三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,33(17):2118-2120
[54]康文艺,陈林,臧鑫炎.卷丝苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(20):2608-2609.
[55]蔡祥海,邓德山,马云保,等.牛耳朵化学成分的研究[J].中草药,2005,36(4):511
[56]王晓琴,彭勇,许利嘉,等.白花蛛毛苣苔中的三萜类成分[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(10):1228-1230
[57] Terreaux Christian, Maillard Marc P, Gupta Mahabir P. and Kurt Hostetrmannt. Triterpenes andTriterpene Glycosides From Paradrymonia Macrophylla[J]. Phytochemistry,1996,40(2):495-499
[58]王满元,杨岚,屠呦呦.红药化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(4):307-308
[59] Miyaichi Yukinori Masahiro Ohichi, Kuniko Yaguchi, Yukio Kawata, Haruhisa Kizu.. Studies on theconstituents of the leaves of Conandron ramondioides[J]. J Nat Med,2006,60:159-160.
[60]陈林,康文艺.长茎芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2758-2760.
[61]杨付梅,杨小生,罗波,等.苗药岩豇豆化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2003,15(6):508-509.
[62]冯卫生,李倩,郑晓珂.吊石苣苔的化学成分研究[J].中国药学杂志,2007,42(5):337-338.
[63]曹晖,王绍云,李性苑.吊石苣苔的研究进展[J].黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,2006,24(6):44-46.
[64]孙安盛,石京山,吴芹,等.石吊兰对麻醉猫务流动力学的影响[J].遵义医学院学报,1996,19(1):5.
[65]张青,肖和平,邵家荣.石吊兰片辅助治疗复治肺结核的临床观察[J].中国防痨杂志,2007,29(6):541.
[66]魏金凤,陈林,王金梅,等.髯丝蛛毛苣苔和吊石苣苔抗菌活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(14):1975-1978.
[67]包骏,冉懋雄.贵州苗族医药研究与开发[M].贵州科技出版社,1998,141.
[68]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.苦苣苔科植物研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2003,12(4):261-263.
[69]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22:122-125.
[70]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[71]孙文基.天然活性成分简明手册[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1996,362.
[72]胡晓,黄贤华,谭晓彬.石吊兰醇提取液抗S180实体瘤作用和对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,1(16):3097.
[73] Otero R, Nunez V, Barona J, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of Colombia.Part Ⅲ: Neut ralization of the haemorrhagic effect of Bothrops atrox venom[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,73(1-2):233-241.
[74] Otero R, Fonnegra R, Jimenez SL, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region ofColombia. Dart I: Traditional use of plants[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,71(3):493-504.
[75]全国中草药汇编编写组.全国中草药汇编.上册[M].北京:人民出版社,1975,245.
[76]韩国柱,苏成业,张毅.石吊兰素在大鼠体内的吸收分布和消除以及血浆药物浓度与降压效应的关系[J].药学学报,1982,17(8):572.
[77]宋杰云,何修译,陈秀芬,等.石吊兰素的降压作用[J].中国药理学报,1985,6(2):9.
[78] Chen JW, Zhu ZQ, Hu TX, et al. Structure activity relationship of natural flavonoids in hydroxylradical scavenging effects[J]. Acta Phannacologica Sinica,(7):667-672.
[1]吕秀立,吴晓春.海州常山[J].园林,2007,24(3):42.
[2]郭峰,闫世才.超临界二氧化碳流体萃取技术对海州常山叶挥发性化学成分研究[J].天水师范学院学报,2004,24(5):29-30.
[3]雷载权.中药学[M].上海:上海科学出版社,2001:120.
[4]曾广方,周炳南,赵志远.中药黄酮类的研究X.海州常山成分的研究新黄酮苷海常素的分离及化学结构[J].药学学报,1963,10(8):480-488.
[5]闫世才,田瑄.海州常山叶挥发性化学成分研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(3):105-106.
[6]康文艺,姬志强,王金梅,等.石韦叶挥发油成分HS-SPME-GC-MS分析[J].中草药,2008,39(7):994-995.
[7]李彩芳,方明月,李昌勤,等. SPME-GC-MS法分析小叶女贞挥发性化学成分[J].天然产物研究与开发,2007,19(3):443-446.
[8]王金梅,许启泰,康文艺.金银花不同部位挥发油成分研究[J].精细化工,2008,25(12):1075-1078.
[9]庄茂长.奇特可爱的怪花—海州常山[J].园林,1995,12(5):9.
[2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所.云南植物志.北京:科学出版社,1991,518-543.
[3] Li S M, Yang X W, Shen YH, et al. Chemical constituents of Aeschynanthus bracteatus and their weakanti-inflammatory activities[J]. Phytochemistry,2008,69(11):2200.
[4]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(17):2118-2120.
[5]陈林,康文艺.长茎芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2758-2760.
[6] Kang W Y, Chen L, Zang X Y. Sesquiterpenes and triterpenes from Aeschynanthus mengxinggensis[J].Chem Nat Compound,2010,46(4):661-664.
[7]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22(1):122-125.
[8]康文艺,陈林,藏鑫炎.卷丝苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(20):2607-2609.
[9]康文艺,姬志强,王金梅.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔脂肪酸成分的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发.2009,21:203-207.
[10]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[11]黄晓君,殷志琦,叶文才,等.女贞子的化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(7):861-864.
[12] Naim, Z, Khan MA, Nizami SS. Isolation of a new triterpenic alcohol from Carissa Carandas.Pakistan[J]. J. Sci. Ind. Res,1985,28(6):378-381.
[13] Mahato SB, Kundu AP.13C-NMR Spectra of pentacyclic triterpenoidsa-a compilation and somesalient features[J]. Phytochemistry,1994,37(6):1517-1575.
[14]张宪民,吴大刚.昆明山海棠根的齐墩果烷型三萜成分[J].云南植物研究,1993,15(1):92-96.
[15]郭春晓,吕静,袁久志,等.油松松针的化学成分[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2010,27(3):202-204.
[16]邓世明,杨先会,王宁,等.外来入侵植物假臭草的黄酮类成分研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(12):2548-2550.
[17]张洁,喻蓉,吴霞,等.枸骨叶的化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20:821-823.
[18]韦松,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.怀牛膝中化合物的分离鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(5):293.
[19] Mahato SB, Kundu AP.13C-NMR Spectra of pentacyclic triterpenoidsa-a compilation and somesalient features[J]. Phytochemistry,1994,37(6):1525-1558.
[20]林萍,田昆.华丽芒毛苣苔的观赏价值及土壤条件的初步研究[J].西南林学院学报,1995,15(4):27-31.
[1]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.苦苣苔科植物研究进展.中国新药杂志,2003,12(4):261-263.
[2]李锡文.云南芒毛苣苔属植物[J].云南植物研究,1983,5(1):25-38.
[3]陈林,康文艺.长茎芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2758-2760.
[4]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(17):2118-2120.
[5] Li SM, Yang XW, Shen Y H, et al. Chemical constituents of Aeschynanthus bracteatus and their weakanti-inflammatory activities[J]. Phytochemistry,2008,69(11):2200.
[6] Harborne J B. Comparative biochemistry of flavonoids-II3-desoxyanthocyanins and their systematicdistribution inffernsand gesnerads[J]. Phytochemistry,1966,5:589.
[7] Harborne J B. Comparative biochemistry of the flavonoids-VI Flavonoids patterns in the Bignoniaceaeand Gesneriaceae [J]. Phytochemistry,1967,6:1643.
[8]姚霞珍,刘峻坪,周鹏.西藏野生花卉资源概况及在园林园艺中的应用探讨[J].中国林副特产,2007,91(6):73-76.
[9]黄晓君,殷志琦,叶文才,等.女贞子的化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(7):861-864.
[10]姚巍,林文艳,周长新,等.蒙古蒲公英化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(10):926-929.
[11]张洁,喻蓉,吴霞,等.枸骨叶的化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20:821-823.
[12]韦松,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.怀牛膝中化合物的分离鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(5):293.
[13] Naim Z, Khan M A, Nizami S S. Isolation of a new isomer of ursolic acid from fruits and leaves ofCarissa Carandas. Pakistan[J]. J.Sci.Ind.Res,1988,31(10):753-755.
[14]林朝展,祝晨蔯,邓贵华,等.枇杷叶紫珠化学成分研究[J].中药材,2010,33(6):897-900.
[15]姜泓,初正云,王虹霞,等.黄花败酱化学成分[J].中草药,2003,34(11):978-980.
[16]张桢,刘光明,肖怀,等.狐尾葛的化学成分研究[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(3):702-703.
[17]康文艺.三种茜草科植物化学及其抗菌活性研究[D].中国科学院研究生院.
[18]李延芳,李明慧,楼凤昌,等.黄花败酱的化学成分研究[J].中国药科大学学报,2002,33(2):102-103.
[1] Burtt, B.L. Studies in the Gesneriaceae of the Old World. X XI Rhynchotechum and Isanthera[J]. Not.Bot. Gard. Edinb.1962,24(1):35-39.
[2] Burtt, B.L. Studies in the Gesneriaceae of the Old World. X X VI Tentative Keys to the tribes andgeneta[J]. L.c.1962,24(3):205-220.
[3]王文采.中国线柱苣苔属校订[J].广西植物,1984,4(3):183-189.
[4]陈聪颖,陆阳,陈泽乃.毛线柱苣苔中蒽醌的化学成分研究[J].上海第二军医大学学报,2001,21(6):488-491.
[5] Lu Y, Xu P.J., Chen Z.N., et al. The anthraquinones of Rhynchotechum vestitum[J]. Phytochemistry,1998,47(2):315-317.
[6]刘光明,陈泽乃,姚天荣,等.毛线柱苣苔化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1990,25(9):699-704.
[7] Lu Y, Xu P.J., Chen Z.N., et al. Ahthraquinones glycosides from Rhynchotechum vestitum[J].Phytochemistry,1998,49(4):1135-1137.
[8]海力茜,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.多序岩黄芪化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(11):843-845.
[9]张洁,喻蓉,吴霞,等.枸骨叶的化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20:821-823.
[10] Lu YQ, Zhang CF, Zhang M. Chemical constituents of Ixeris sonchifolia[J]. J Chin Pharm Scien,2007,16(3):214-217.
[11]李延芳,李明慧,楼凤昌,等.黄花败酱的化学成分研究[J].中国药科大学学报,2002,33(2):102-103.
[12]姜泓,初正云,王虹霞,等.黄花败酱化学成分[J].中草药,2003,34(11):978-980.
[13]韦松,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.怀牛膝中化合物的分离鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(5):293.
[14]朱稍晖,张前军,陈青,等.鱼眼草化学成分研究[J].中药材,2010,33(1):53-55.
[1]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.苦苣苔科植物研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2003,12(4):261-263.
[2]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22:122-125.
[3]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[4]魏金凤,陈林,王金梅,等.髯丝蛛毛苣苔和吊石苣苔抗菌活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(14):1975-1978.
[5]陈聪颖,陆阳,陈泽乃.毛线柱苣苔中蒽醌的化学成分研究[J].上海第二军医大学学报,2001,21(6):488-491.
[6]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22:122-125.
[7]巩芳,尹震花,顾雪竹,等.三白草提取物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性[J].河南大学学报(医学版),2011,30(4):247-249.
[8]张倩,常星,康文艺.芭蕉的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(2):125-126.
[9]张倩.芭蕉根、芭蕉花和南湖菱活性成分研究[D].河南大学
[10]康文艺,李彩芳,宋艳丽.蝉翼藤抗氧化口山酮成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(16):1982-1985.
[11]李园园,王俊霞,曹乃锋,等.河南产景天三七抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2011,23(2):337-340.
[12]尹震花,顾雪竹,张一冰,等.三白草抗氧化活性[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(4):99-102.
[13]康文艺,宋艳丽,李彩芳,等.核桃仁抗氧化活性研究[J].精细化工,2009,26(3):269-272.
[14]张前军,刘瑜新,康文艺,等.饿蚂蝗抗氧化活性研究[J].中成药,2010,32(11):1980-1982.
[15]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[16]闫杏莲,李昌勤,刘瑜新,等.头花蓼抗氧化活性研究[J].中国药房,2010,21(39):3659-3661.
[17]李昌勤,赵琳,杨宇婷,等.丹参生品及不同炮制品的体外抗菌活性研究[J].中成药,2011,33(11):112-115.
[18] Kang W Y, Chen L, Zang X Y. Sesquiterpenes and triterpenes from Aeschymanthus mengxinggensis[J].Chem Nat Compd,2010,46(4):661.
[19]李昌勤,赵琳,康文艺.补骨脂生品及不同炮制品体外抗菌活性研究[J].中成药,2012,34(1):110-113.
[1]李振宁,王印政.中国苦苣苔科植物[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2004.
[2] Weber A. Gesneriaceae: a scientific perspective [EM/OL]. Available f rom: http://www.gesneriadsca/Articles/Weber%20-%20Scientific%20Overview/Gesneriaceae_Article_Weber. Htm.
[3]李振宁.苦苣苔科的地理分布[J].植物分类学报,1996,34(4):341-360.
[4] Burtt B. Studies on the Gesneriaceae of the old world XXIV: t entative keys to the tribes and genera[J].Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh,1962,24:205-220.
[5]冯志舟.苦苣苔科植物[J].百科知识,2009,11(22):37-38.
[6]未毅刚,钟树华,文和群.广西苦苣苔科植物区系和特点研究[J].云南植物研究,2004,2:173-182.
[7]肖培根.新华本草纲要[M].上海:上海科技出版社,1990,329.
[8]曾美玉.中国中药资源志要[M].北京:科学出版社,1994,1177-1193.
[9] Zimmer, E. A. Roalson, E. H. Skog, et al. Phylogenetic relationships in the Gesnerioideae(Gesneriaceae) based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL-F and trnE-T spacer region sequences[J].American Journal of Botany,2002,89(2):296-311.
[10] Wang CN, Michael M, Quentin CB. Cronk. Populat ionGenetic Structure of Titanotrichum oldhamii(Gesneriaceae), a Sub2tropical Bulbil iferous Plant with Mixed Sexual and Asexual Reproduction[J].Annals of Botany,2004,93(2):201-209.
[11]鲁元学,孙先凤,周其兴,等.云南十种苦苣苔科植物的染色体数目报道[J].云南植物研究,2002,24(3):377-382.
[12]严志坚,李振宇.宽叶吊石苣苔的胚胎学研究及其系统学意义[J].杭州师范学院学报(自然科学版),2003,2(3):23-26.
[13]王印政,顾志建.直瓣苣苔属、筒花苣苔属和吊石苣苔属4个种的核形态学研究[J].植物分类学报,1999,37(2):137-142.
[14]温放,李湛东.广西苦苣苔科植物资源及产业化前景[J].广西园艺,2005,16(4):56-59.
[15] Prabir KG, Anjan Bhattacharyya.5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone from the immature leaves ofdidymocarpus Pedicellata [J]. Phytochemistry,1992,31(5):1833-1834.
[16] Lu Y, Xu PJ,Chen ZN, et al. Anthraquinone glycosides from rhynchotechumvestitum[J].Phytochemistry,1998,49(4):1135-1138.
[17]蔡祥海,邓德山,马云保,等.牛耳朵化学成分研究[J].中草药,2005,36(4):510-512.
[18]王满元,杨岚,屠呦呦.红药化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(4):307-308.
[19] Christian T, Hildebert Wagner, Rudolf Baue, et al. Antioxidant system in boea ygroscopica:changes in responce to dessication and rehydsration[J]. Phytochemistry,1996,42(2):495-500.
[20] Otero R, Nunez V, Barona J, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of Colombia.Part Ⅲ: Neutralization of the haemorrhagic effect of Bothrops atroxvenom [J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,73(1-2):233-241.
[21] Otero R, Fonnegra R, Jimenez SL, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region ofColombia. Dart I: Traditional use of plants[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,71(3):493-504.
[22] Burtt B. L., Wiehler H. Classification of the family Gesneriaceae[J]. Gesneriana1995,1(1):1-4.
[23] Wiehler H. The re-establishement of Moussonia Regel(Gesneriaceae)[J]. Selbyana1975,1:22-31.
[24] Moore H.E. Comments on cultivated Gesneriaceae[J]. Baileya1973,19:35-41.
[25] Hilliard OM, Burrt Hsu BL. CC Preliminary chromosome studies on the vascular plants ofTaiwan(Ⅱ)[J].Taiwania1968,14:11-27.
[26] Hsu. CC Preliminary chromosome studies on the vascular plants of Taiwan(Ⅱ)[J].Taiwania,1968,14:11-27.
[27]王印政,顾志建.直瓣苣苔属、筒花苣苔属和吊石苣苔属4个种的核形态学研究[J].植物分类学报,1999,37(2):137-142.
[28]王印政,顾志建,洪德元.异叶苣苔属(苦苣苔科)的核型研究Karyotypes of Whytockia(Gesneriaceae)[J].植物分类学报,1998,36(1):28-35.
[29]鲁元学,孙先凤,周其兴,等.云南十种苦苣苔科植物的染色体数目报道[J].云南植物研究,2002,24(3):377-382.
[30]曹丽敏,曹明,唐咸来,等.广西苦苣苔科四种植物的染色体数目报道[J].广西植物,2003,23(4):331-333.
[31]曹明,林春蕊,唐赛春,等.广西苦苣苔科植物花粉形态[J].广西植物,2003,23(2):139-142.
[32]王印政.异叶苣苔属地上茎的生长式样及其系统发育意义[J].植物分类学报,2000,38(3):231-235.
[33]汪小全,李振宇. rDNA片段的序列分析在苦苣苔亚科系统学研究中的应用[J].植物分类学报,1998,36(2):97-105.
[34]李振宁.幽谷奇葩-苦苣苔科植物[J].大自然,2005,4:4-6.
[35]史佑海,徐世松,黄觉武.海南苦苣苔科野生植物资源及其观赏特性评价[J].北方园艺,2011,11:79-82.
[36]代正福,罗冠勇.中国热带特有野生苦苣苔科观赏植物资源[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(1):13-15.
[37] Wiehler H. A synopsis of the neotropical Gesneriaceae [J]. Selbyana,1983,6(14):12-19.
[38] Jones C, Rich P. Ornithophily and extraf loral color patterns in Columnea floridaMorton(Gesneriaceae)[J]. Bulletin of the Southern California Acade my of Sciences,1972,71(3):113-116.
[39]臧鑫炎.勐醒芒毛苣苔和卷丝苣苔化学成分研究[D].河南大学.
[40] Lu Y, Xu PJ, Chen ZN, et al. Anthraquinone glycosides from rhynchotechum vestitum[J].Phytochemistry,1998,49(4):1135-1138.
[41]陈聪颖,陆阳,陈泽乃.毛线柱苣苔中蒽醌的化学成分研究[J].上海第二医科大学学报,2001,21(6):488-491.
[42]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等,石胆草化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(21):926-928.
[43]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等,石胆草中苯乙醇苷的分离与结构鉴定[J].药学学报,2003,38(2):116-119.
[44]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等,石胆草中的苯乙醇苷类成分研究[J].中草药,2002,33(10):881-883.
[45]郑晓珂,刘云宝,李军,等.石胆草中的一个新苯乙醇苷[J].药学学报,2004,39(9):716-718.
[46]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.石胆草中两个新的苯乙醇苷类成分[J].药学学报,2003,38(4):268-271.
[47] Soren D, Soren Rosendal Jensen. Three phenylethanoed glucosides of unusal structure f rom chiritasinensis [J]. Phytochemistry,1994,37(2):441-444.
[48] Prabir KG, Anjan Bhattacharyya.5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone from the immature leaves ofdidymocarpus Pedicellata[J]. Phytochemistry,1992,31(5):1833-1834.
[49] Zhou LD, Yu J G, Guo J, et al. Compounds from roots of chirita fimbrisepala Hand. Mazz [J]. J ChinMat Med,2001,26(2):114-116.
[50] Liu Y, Hildebert W, Rudolf B, et al. Nevaclensin glucosides from lysionotus pauciflorus[J].Phytochemistry,1996,42(4):1203-1205.
[51]冯卫生,李倩,郑晓珂,等.吊石苣苔中的化学成分[J].天然产物研究与开发,2006,18:617-620.
[52]田璞玉,王金梅,康文艺.华丽芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(23):1795-1797.
[53]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔中三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,33(17):2118-2120
[54]康文艺,陈林,臧鑫炎.卷丝苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(20):2608-2609.
[55]蔡祥海,邓德山,马云保,等.牛耳朵化学成分的研究[J].中草药,2005,36(4):511
[56]王晓琴,彭勇,许利嘉,等.白花蛛毛苣苔中的三萜类成分[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(10):1228-1230
[57] Terreaux Christian, Maillard Marc P, Gupta Mahabir P. and Kurt Hostetrmannt. Triterpenes andTriterpene Glycosides From Paradrymonia Macrophylla[J]. Phytochemistry,1996,40(2):495-499
[58]王满元,杨岚,屠呦呦.红药化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(4):307-308
[59] Miyaichi Yukinori Masahiro Ohichi, Kuniko Yaguchi, Yukio Kawata, Haruhisa Kizu.. Studies on theconstituents of the leaves of Conandron ramondioides[J]. J Nat Med,2006,60:159-160.
[60]陈林,康文艺.长茎芒毛苣苔化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2758-2760.
[61]杨付梅,杨小生,罗波,等.苗药岩豇豆化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2003,15(6):508-509.
[62]冯卫生,李倩,郑晓珂.吊石苣苔的化学成分研究[J].中国药学杂志,2007,42(5):337-338.
[63]曹晖,王绍云,李性苑.吊石苣苔的研究进展[J].黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,2006,24(6):44-46.
[64]孙安盛,石京山,吴芹,等.石吊兰对麻醉猫务流动力学的影响[J].遵义医学院学报,1996,19(1):5.
[65]张青,肖和平,邵家荣.石吊兰片辅助治疗复治肺结核的临床观察[J].中国防痨杂志,2007,29(6):541.
[66]魏金凤,陈林,王金梅,等.髯丝蛛毛苣苔和吊石苣苔抗菌活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(14):1975-1978.
[67]包骏,冉懋雄.贵州苗族医药研究与开发[M].贵州科技出版社,1998,141.
[68]郑晓珂,李军,冯卫生,等.苦苣苔科植物研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2003,12(4):261-263.
[69]康文艺,张丽.五种苦苣苔科植物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22:122-125.
[70]康文艺,李彩芳,张丽.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:470-472.
[71]孙文基.天然活性成分简明手册[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1996,362.
[72]胡晓,黄贤华,谭晓彬.石吊兰醇提取液抗S180实体瘤作用和对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,1(16):3097.
[73] Otero R, Nunez V, Barona J, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of Colombia.Part Ⅲ: Neut ralization of the haemorrhagic effect of Bothrops atrox venom[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,73(1-2):233-241.
[74] Otero R, Fonnegra R, Jimenez SL, et al. Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region ofColombia. Dart I: Traditional use of plants[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2000,71(3):493-504.
[75]全国中草药汇编编写组.全国中草药汇编.上册[M].北京:人民出版社,1975,245.
[76]韩国柱,苏成业,张毅.石吊兰素在大鼠体内的吸收分布和消除以及血浆药物浓度与降压效应的关系[J].药学学报,1982,17(8):572.
[77]宋杰云,何修译,陈秀芬,等.石吊兰素的降压作用[J].中国药理学报,1985,6(2):9.
[78] Chen JW, Zhu ZQ, Hu TX, et al. Structure activity relationship of natural flavonoids in hydroxylradical scavenging effects[J]. Acta Phannacologica Sinica,(7):667-672.
[1]吕秀立,吴晓春.海州常山[J].园林,2007,24(3):42.
[2]郭峰,闫世才.超临界二氧化碳流体萃取技术对海州常山叶挥发性化学成分研究[J].天水师范学院学报,2004,24(5):29-30.
[3]雷载权.中药学[M].上海:上海科学出版社,2001:120.
[4]曾广方,周炳南,赵志远.中药黄酮类的研究X.海州常山成分的研究新黄酮苷海常素的分离及化学结构[J].药学学报,1963,10(8):480-488.
[5]闫世才,田瑄.海州常山叶挥发性化学成分研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(3):105-106.
[6]康文艺,姬志强,王金梅,等.石韦叶挥发油成分HS-SPME-GC-MS分析[J].中草药,2008,39(7):994-995.
[7]李彩芳,方明月,李昌勤,等. SPME-GC-MS法分析小叶女贞挥发性化学成分[J].天然产物研究与开发,2007,19(3):443-446.
[8]王金梅,许启泰,康文艺.金银花不同部位挥发油成分研究[J].精细化工,2008,25(12):1075-1078.
[9]庄茂长.奇特可爱的怪花—海州常山[J].园林,1995,12(5):9.