智能家居中的通信系统应用研究
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摘要
舒适的居住环境一直是人类追求的目标。随着电子信息技术的飞速发展,从收音机、电视机、电话到计算机、internet网络甚至正在全国推广的数字电视,每一新事物的出现都给我们的日常生活带来了舒适和方便。随着科技的进一步发展,人们对自身的居住环境提出了更高的要求,家庭网络化、智能化已经成为21世纪家居发展的新方向。
当前对于智能家居的研究已经成为行业关注的热点,其牵扯的市场之大,前景之广阔,备受业界瞩目,各大厂商公司和组织纷纷提出自己的智能家居设计方案,投入使用的产品也是多种多样。然而由于目前关于智能家居网络的设计及应用方式形式各异-现场总线、以太网、电力线等等各种网络连接方式并存,使得各厂家的产品间存在严重的兼容性和通用性问题。不同厂家的产品在软件协议和硬件接口上没有统一的标准,致使绝大多数的智能家居产品不具有互连接性和易维护性,造成资源和人力的巨大浪费。
本文首先分析了现存各种流行的智能家居网络通信系统,通过笔者长时间的调查研究,深入剖析了现存的各种智能家居通信系统,较深入的了解了各种智能家居通信系统的结构及原理,指出了各种现行家居通信系统各自的优势和不足。并且通过对各家居通信网络的分析,清晰的看到家居网络环境下以太网在与其他总线接入方式的对比中,以其出色的兼容性,易用性,可维护性及其最广泛的普及范围脱颖而出,成为形成行业统一标准的希望所在。
结合调查研究的结果,本文以通用以太网为基础,提出并设计了一种建立在以太网基础之上的,可以与目前现存的Internet进行无缝连接的,主要由C8051F020作为主控制器,RTL8019AS作为以太网接口芯片组成的智能家居节点单元。通过在MCU中写入针对家居内部网络改写的TCP/IP网络通信协议和在远程计算机上编写的家电应用软件,从而实现了一个对家庭内部电器的远程控制的最小系统。并且通过编写与通用以太网络相兼容的TCP/IP网络协议,主要完成了协议与硬件接口的以太网标准化工作以及进行了对商用以太网因为数据碰撞所造成的传输不确定性的初步改进。
Comfortable living environment has been a goal pursued by mankind. With the rapid development of electronic information technology, from radios, television sets, telephones to computers, to even national promotion of digital television, the emergence of new things each gives the comfort and convenience to our daily lives. Along with the rapid development of technique, people have higher requests to their living environment. Network and intelligence in family has become the new direction for the development of 21st century home.
At present, the smart home industry research has become the focus of attention because of its larger scale of the market, its wider prospects. The major manufacturers, companies and organizations have put their smart home design, using all kinds of products, but because of the intelligent home network design and application of various methods-Field bus, Ethernet, the electricity line of force and so on, which makes these products have many problems, such as compatibility and versatility. Different manufacturers’products are different in the software protocol and hardware interface. So, most of the smart-home products do not have mutual connectivity and easy-maintenance, which results in the tremendous waste of resources and manpower. But compared with the other bus, Ethernet has excellent compatibility, ease of use, maintainability and the most extensive universal scope. All of these make Ethernet become the new hope of unified industry standards.
This article first analyzed each kind of popular smart-home communication systems extant recently. Through the long time research and the thorough understanding of each kind of communication systems in smart-home nowadays, including their structures and principles, the paper points out each kind of present smart-home communication systems' respective superiorities and their insufficiencies.
According to the investigation and study result, this paper, based on Ethernet, comes up with a design program built on the basis of Ethernet. This kind of smart-home nodes which can be compatible with Internet existed is composed of the C8051F020 as the main controller and the RTL8019AS Ethernet adapter chip as a interface to Ethernet. Through rewriting improved TCP network communication protocols to MCU and programming application software in remote computer, it realizes the smallest system of household appliances remote control. Moreover, through programming the simplified network protocol compatible with the generic Ethernet, it completes the standardization of the hardware interface and software protocol, also attempts the initial improvement to data transmission uncertainty of business Ethernet caused by collision.
当前对于智能家居的研究已经成为行业关注的热点,其牵扯的市场之大,前景之广阔,备受业界瞩目,各大厂商公司和组织纷纷提出自己的智能家居设计方案,投入使用的产品也是多种多样。然而由于目前关于智能家居网络的设计及应用方式形式各异-现场总线、以太网、电力线等等各种网络连接方式并存,使得各厂家的产品间存在严重的兼容性和通用性问题。不同厂家的产品在软件协议和硬件接口上没有统一的标准,致使绝大多数的智能家居产品不具有互连接性和易维护性,造成资源和人力的巨大浪费。
本文首先分析了现存各种流行的智能家居网络通信系统,通过笔者长时间的调查研究,深入剖析了现存的各种智能家居通信系统,较深入的了解了各种智能家居通信系统的结构及原理,指出了各种现行家居通信系统各自的优势和不足。并且通过对各家居通信网络的分析,清晰的看到家居网络环境下以太网在与其他总线接入方式的对比中,以其出色的兼容性,易用性,可维护性及其最广泛的普及范围脱颖而出,成为形成行业统一标准的希望所在。
结合调查研究的结果,本文以通用以太网为基础,提出并设计了一种建立在以太网基础之上的,可以与目前现存的Internet进行无缝连接的,主要由C8051F020作为主控制器,RTL8019AS作为以太网接口芯片组成的智能家居节点单元。通过在MCU中写入针对家居内部网络改写的TCP/IP网络通信协议和在远程计算机上编写的家电应用软件,从而实现了一个对家庭内部电器的远程控制的最小系统。并且通过编写与通用以太网络相兼容的TCP/IP网络协议,主要完成了协议与硬件接口的以太网标准化工作以及进行了对商用以太网因为数据碰撞所造成的传输不确定性的初步改进。
Comfortable living environment has been a goal pursued by mankind. With the rapid development of electronic information technology, from radios, television sets, telephones to computers, to even national promotion of digital television, the emergence of new things each gives the comfort and convenience to our daily lives. Along with the rapid development of technique, people have higher requests to their living environment. Network and intelligence in family has become the new direction for the development of 21st century home.
At present, the smart home industry research has become the focus of attention because of its larger scale of the market, its wider prospects. The major manufacturers, companies and organizations have put their smart home design, using all kinds of products, but because of the intelligent home network design and application of various methods-Field bus, Ethernet, the electricity line of force and so on, which makes these products have many problems, such as compatibility and versatility. Different manufacturers’products are different in the software protocol and hardware interface. So, most of the smart-home products do not have mutual connectivity and easy-maintenance, which results in the tremendous waste of resources and manpower. But compared with the other bus, Ethernet has excellent compatibility, ease of use, maintainability and the most extensive universal scope. All of these make Ethernet become the new hope of unified industry standards.
This article first analyzed each kind of popular smart-home communication systems extant recently. Through the long time research and the thorough understanding of each kind of communication systems in smart-home nowadays, including their structures and principles, the paper points out each kind of present smart-home communication systems' respective superiorities and their insufficiencies.
According to the investigation and study result, this paper, based on Ethernet, comes up with a design program built on the basis of Ethernet. This kind of smart-home nodes which can be compatible with Internet existed is composed of the C8051F020 as the main controller and the RTL8019AS Ethernet adapter chip as a interface to Ethernet. Through rewriting improved TCP network communication protocols to MCU and programming application software in remote computer, it realizes the smallest system of household appliances remote control. Moreover, through programming the simplified network protocol compatible with the generic Ethernet, it completes the standardization of the hardware interface and software protocol, also attempts the initial improvement to data transmission uncertainty of business Ethernet caused by collision.
引文
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[5] Hasan Ura,BoYang.A Test Sequence Selection Method for Protocol Testing[J].IEEE Transaction on Communication,1991,(4):139-146.
[6] 阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,l999.
[7] Topalis E,Orphanos G,Koubias S,et a1.A Generic Network Management Architecture Targeted to Support Home Automation N~tworksand Home Internet Connectivity . Consumer Electronics[J].IEEE Transaction,2000,461(2):442-511.
[8] Douligefis C.Intelligent Home Systems[J].IEEE Communications Magazine,1993,3110(10):522-611.
[9] 何立民.单片机应用技术选编.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1999
[10] W.Richard Stevens 著. TCP/IP 详解. 范建华译,北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[11] 张欣,王兵,徐建民.基于网络远程通用监控系统设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2002,38(8):223-228.
[12] 封锦梅.智能小区的网络系统设计[J].江南大学学报(自然科学版) , 2003, 2 (2) : 194-196.
[13] 汤儒兰,石玉祥,刘黎红.几种典型的现场总线及其应用.机电一体化, 1999 年 02 期
[14] Satio T, Tomoda I, Takabatake Y, etal. Home gateway architecture and its imp lementation[J ]. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 2000,46 (4) : 1161- 1166.
[15] 李小将,樊天晴,胡正国.嵌入式系统在信息家电中的应用[J].计算机工程, 2002, 28 (4) : 192-234.
[16] 潘琢金,施国君.C8051FXXX 高速 SOC 单片机原理及应用.北京:北京航天航空大学出版社,2005.05.
[17] [美]Pete Loshin 著,刘谦,苏建平等 译.TCP/IP 透彻理解(第四版).北京:电子工业出版社,2003.09
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[19] 李兰友,万振凯,丁刚.微机原理与接口技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2005.02.
[20] 陈龙三,张奇.8051 单片机 c 语言控制与应用.清华大学出版社
[21] 马莉.智能控制与 Lon 网络开发技术.北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 2003.2
[22] 郭观七.基于 C 语言的 MCS-51 系列单片机软件开发系统.华中理工大学出版社
[23] Keller T, Pqczkow shi R,Modelski J. Using Bluetooth in a system for integrated control of home digital network devices [A]. Proc 14th International Conference on Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communications: MIKON 2002 (Vol 1) (Gdanzsk, Poland, May 20-22, 2002) [C].2002. 199-202
[24] 李根旺.在智能家居控制系统中 X-10 协议的实现.测控技术, 2006 年 07 期
[25] 赵建东、陈小乐.基于工业以太网的智能家庭网络控制器的实现.电子技术应用,2002(Veil.28 10.12) :46-48
[26] 顾牧君.智能家居设计与施工[M].上海: 同济大学出版社,2004.
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