森林资源二类调查空间数据获取与更新的关键技术研究
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摘要
森林资源二类调查数据是林业工作的基础数据,造林核查、造林设计、采伐设计、采伐审批、病虫害防治、征占用林地、林业产业、森林防火等具体应用均依靠森林资源二类调查数据,因此,需要真正做到及时、准确地掌握森林资源现状及动态,满足生产经营及森林资源管理的需要。移动GIS技术、基于栅格的矢量数据快速提取技术、空间分析技术的不断发展,为森林资源数据更新提供了新的技术方法。本文主要研究了森林资源数据更新快速采编与更新技术,具体研究内容包括:
1)论述了森林资源数据更新的技术方法,并从技术层面总结并分析了森林资源数据更新的相关技术,并在此基础上提出了森林资源数据更新模式。
2)提出了基于移动GIS的森林资源数据更新的内外业一体化模型,将野外数据采编与后台数据更新与管理有机的结合起来,提高森林资源野外数据采集精度,提高数据更新与管理的效率。
3)由于我国各省的森林资源更新数据的数据源差异较大,有些作业调查数据是以栅格的格式进行存储,更新数据的数字化工作繁重,针对森林资源更新数据扫描图件的特点,在归纳分析传统矢量化算法的基础上,提出了栅矢混合采集模型用于森林资源更新数据的快速提取。
4)为了解决利用矢量作业调查数据更新森林资源二类调查数据过程中,由于数据源的比例尺、精度、获取方式不同等原因产生的不确定性,研究了数据更新的模型中不确定性问题解决的关键模型,并在此基础上实现了森林资源数据更新模型。
5)研发了森林资源数据更新平台软件FORESTAR-US。并将其与FORESTAR-Mobile软件组合成了完整的森林资源数据更新平台。
本文的主要创新点可以概括如下:
1)在总结传统栅格数据提取算法的基础上,提出了栅矢混合采集的概念并给出了栅矢混合采集模型,并首次将其应用到森林资源数据更新的实践中,解决了森林资源数据更新中扫描图纸的快速提取问题。
2)提出了基于移动GIS更新森林资源二类调查数据的内外业一体化模型。
3)给出了森林资源空间数据更新模型。该模型解决了由于作业调查数据和森林资源二类调查数据之间由于数据源的比例尺、精度、获取方式不同,在数据更新时产生的边界不确定性问题。
4)研发了森林资源数据更新平台软件FORESTAR-US。并将其与FORESTAR-Mobile软件组合成了完整的森林资源数据更新平台。并将这些研究成果应用到“本溪市森林资源地理信息管理系统”、“江西省公益林数据处理系统”等多个工程项目中。
最后本文组织了需要进一步研究的问题:林分生长模型、基于遥感的森林资源信息自动提取、移动GIS+无线网络的更新模式、基于时态GIS数据管理以及FORESTAR-US和FORESTAR Mobile更新平台的不断完善等。
The data acquired from forest resources survey are essential to forest management,such as afforestation checking and designing,deforestation designing and confirming,pest controlling, forestland requisitioning and occupating,forest industry,forest fire preventing and so on.So,it should be comprehended the forest resources state and trends timely and accurately to meet the demand from forest production management and resources management.With the development of new techniques, such as Mobile-GIS,raster to vector and spatial analysis,the updating technique of forest resources data was promoted.This paper focuses on the technique of forest data rapid editing and updating, details as follows:
1) presenting the traditional updating means of forest resources data,summarizing the relative techniques by application layer,and putting forward the new mode to updating the forest resources data.
2) designning the integrative model combining indoor with field work for forest resources data updating based on mobile GIS,which can link the collecting and editing data in the field with the processing and managing in the background.These techniques will improve the collecting accuracy in the field and enhance the efficiency of date updating and management.
3) the format of updating data of forest resources was difference in each provinces,some surveyed data were storaged in raster format,which is very hard to digitalized.Aimming at those characteristics of scanning map and summarizing the traditional vectorization algorithm,the model of grid and vector mixed-editor was put forward for the rapid extraction of forest updating data.
4) In order to solve the uncertainty data caused by the different scale,accuracy and obtained manner during the updating forest resources data.The key model to resolve the uncertain problems was studied,and the model of forest resource data updating was achieved.
5) Developing the platform software FORESTAR-US for forest resources data updating,and combining with FORESTAR-Mobile software to form an integrated forest resource data updating platform.
The main innovation of this paper as follows:
1) After summarizing the traditional methods of raster to vactor,the concept of raster and vector mixed-editor was put forward and their model was build.Furthermore,this model is applied in processing of update data based on scanning mapping.
2) Bring forward the indoor and field integrated model of forest resources data updating based on mobile-GIS.
3) Designning the new updating model for forest resources data,which solves the border uncertainty caused by the different scale,accuracy and obtained manner of data resources is given.
4) Developing the platform software FORESTAR-US for forest resources data updating,and combining with FORESTAR-Mobile software to form an integrated forest resource data updating platform.These research results were applied to the projects "Geographic information management system of Benxi City's forest resources" and "Data Processing system of public welfare forest in Jiangxi province"
Finally,this paper discussed the issue needed to be further researched,such as stand growth model, automatic extraction information of forest resources based on remote sensing,mobile GIS Combinated with wireless network updating mode,constant improving of FORESTAR-US and FORESTAR Mobile based on temporal GIS data management.
1)论述了森林资源数据更新的技术方法,并从技术层面总结并分析了森林资源数据更新的相关技术,并在此基础上提出了森林资源数据更新模式。
2)提出了基于移动GIS的森林资源数据更新的内外业一体化模型,将野外数据采编与后台数据更新与管理有机的结合起来,提高森林资源野外数据采集精度,提高数据更新与管理的效率。
3)由于我国各省的森林资源更新数据的数据源差异较大,有些作业调查数据是以栅格的格式进行存储,更新数据的数字化工作繁重,针对森林资源更新数据扫描图件的特点,在归纳分析传统矢量化算法的基础上,提出了栅矢混合采集模型用于森林资源更新数据的快速提取。
4)为了解决利用矢量作业调查数据更新森林资源二类调查数据过程中,由于数据源的比例尺、精度、获取方式不同等原因产生的不确定性,研究了数据更新的模型中不确定性问题解决的关键模型,并在此基础上实现了森林资源数据更新模型。
5)研发了森林资源数据更新平台软件FORESTAR-US。并将其与FORESTAR-Mobile软件组合成了完整的森林资源数据更新平台。
本文的主要创新点可以概括如下:
1)在总结传统栅格数据提取算法的基础上,提出了栅矢混合采集的概念并给出了栅矢混合采集模型,并首次将其应用到森林资源数据更新的实践中,解决了森林资源数据更新中扫描图纸的快速提取问题。
2)提出了基于移动GIS更新森林资源二类调查数据的内外业一体化模型。
3)给出了森林资源空间数据更新模型。该模型解决了由于作业调查数据和森林资源二类调查数据之间由于数据源的比例尺、精度、获取方式不同,在数据更新时产生的边界不确定性问题。
4)研发了森林资源数据更新平台软件FORESTAR-US。并将其与FORESTAR-Mobile软件组合成了完整的森林资源数据更新平台。并将这些研究成果应用到“本溪市森林资源地理信息管理系统”、“江西省公益林数据处理系统”等多个工程项目中。
最后本文组织了需要进一步研究的问题:林分生长模型、基于遥感的森林资源信息自动提取、移动GIS+无线网络的更新模式、基于时态GIS数据管理以及FORESTAR-US和FORESTAR Mobile更新平台的不断完善等。
The data acquired from forest resources survey are essential to forest management,such as afforestation checking and designing,deforestation designing and confirming,pest controlling, forestland requisitioning and occupating,forest industry,forest fire preventing and so on.So,it should be comprehended the forest resources state and trends timely and accurately to meet the demand from forest production management and resources management.With the development of new techniques, such as Mobile-GIS,raster to vector and spatial analysis,the updating technique of forest resources data was promoted.This paper focuses on the technique of forest data rapid editing and updating, details as follows:
1) presenting the traditional updating means of forest resources data,summarizing the relative techniques by application layer,and putting forward the new mode to updating the forest resources data.
2) designning the integrative model combining indoor with field work for forest resources data updating based on mobile GIS,which can link the collecting and editing data in the field with the processing and managing in the background.These techniques will improve the collecting accuracy in the field and enhance the efficiency of date updating and management.
3) the format of updating data of forest resources was difference in each provinces,some surveyed data were storaged in raster format,which is very hard to digitalized.Aimming at those characteristics of scanning map and summarizing the traditional vectorization algorithm,the model of grid and vector mixed-editor was put forward for the rapid extraction of forest updating data.
4) In order to solve the uncertainty data caused by the different scale,accuracy and obtained manner during the updating forest resources data.The key model to resolve the uncertain problems was studied,and the model of forest resource data updating was achieved.
5) Developing the platform software FORESTAR-US for forest resources data updating,and combining with FORESTAR-Mobile software to form an integrated forest resource data updating platform.
The main innovation of this paper as follows:
1) After summarizing the traditional methods of raster to vactor,the concept of raster and vector mixed-editor was put forward and their model was build.Furthermore,this model is applied in processing of update data based on scanning mapping.
2) Bring forward the indoor and field integrated model of forest resources data updating based on mobile-GIS.
3) Designning the new updating model for forest resources data,which solves the border uncertainty caused by the different scale,accuracy and obtained manner of data resources is given.
4) Developing the platform software FORESTAR-US for forest resources data updating,and combining with FORESTAR-Mobile software to form an integrated forest resource data updating platform.These research results were applied to the projects "Geographic information management system of Benxi City's forest resources" and "Data Processing system of public welfare forest in Jiangxi province"
Finally,this paper discussed the issue needed to be further researched,such as stand growth model, automatic extraction information of forest resources based on remote sensing,mobile GIS Combinated with wireless network updating mode,constant improving of FORESTAR-US and FORESTAR Mobile based on temporal GIS data management.
引文
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