基于GIS的应用程序开发框架的设计与实现
摘要
在GIS应用领域日趋广泛化的背景下,如何提高GIS软件开发的效率,保证软件质量,是迫切需要解决的问题,软件复用是一种有效的手段。框架是设计复用和代码复用的结合。从软件复用角度出发,GIS开发框架方面已经有了许多相关工作,然而却没有一套将地图、业务数据访问和权限结合在一起的解决方案,本文旨在实现这一集成化目标。
本文介绍了应用程序框架和GIS开发框架的发展现状,提出了本文GIS应用程序开发框架的目标,集成传统GIS功能、权限控制、数据中心,并兼顾开发模式的可选性。在比较了组件式、软件总线式、插件式框架方案的优缺点基础上,将插件机制引入组件框架,结合MVC模式,形成了本文的GIS集成开发框架。传统应用程序难以预先获取系统功能的清单信息,视图与功能控制高度耦合,为了将权限集成到系统中,采取在功能执行前进行权限认证的方法,或者根据权限静态生成系统UI的方法。本文的框架通过将视图与数据、控制分离,将系统初始化过程划分为插件载入,根据插件生成界面UI两个阶段。在插件生成UI过程通过权限动态控制,不同权限用户将见到不同UI的GIS系统。
本文详细阐述了GIS应用程序开发框架的设计思想、总体结构和模块实现。最后以一个简单的示例,给出了基于该框架的开发流程。
In the context of GIS being applied into a wide range of domains,how to improve the efficiency of GIS software development and assurance of software quality is an urgent problem, software reuse is an effective instrument. Framework is a combination of design reuse and code reuse. From the software reuse point of view, a number of related work about GIS development framework has already been conducted, yet no integrated solution of maps, operation data access and permissions was posted, and it is the major idea of this paper.
This paper describes the state of the art, posts the following targets,integration of traditional GIS functions, access control, data centers, taking the optional development model into account. In comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the component-based, software-bus, plug-in framework, introduces the plug-in mechanism into the components framework, and combined with MVC pattern, forming an integrated GIS application development framework. Pre-acquisition of system features is difficult in traditional applications, high degree of coupling of views, data and control, resulted in authentication before execution of function, or static generation of system UI according to permissions. Through the separation between view and data, control, system initialization process is divided into plug-in loading, and generation of UI two stages. In the process of UI generation dynamic control through permissions makes it possible that different users see a different UI of the GIS system.
This paper describes in detail the GIS application development framework, design idea, the overall structure and modules implementation. Finally a simple example is given to show the application development procedure based on the framework.
本文介绍了应用程序框架和GIS开发框架的发展现状,提出了本文GIS应用程序开发框架的目标,集成传统GIS功能、权限控制、数据中心,并兼顾开发模式的可选性。在比较了组件式、软件总线式、插件式框架方案的优缺点基础上,将插件机制引入组件框架,结合MVC模式,形成了本文的GIS集成开发框架。传统应用程序难以预先获取系统功能的清单信息,视图与功能控制高度耦合,为了将权限集成到系统中,采取在功能执行前进行权限认证的方法,或者根据权限静态生成系统UI的方法。本文的框架通过将视图与数据、控制分离,将系统初始化过程划分为插件载入,根据插件生成界面UI两个阶段。在插件生成UI过程通过权限动态控制,不同权限用户将见到不同UI的GIS系统。
本文详细阐述了GIS应用程序开发框架的设计思想、总体结构和模块实现。最后以一个简单的示例,给出了基于该框架的开发流程。
In the context of GIS being applied into a wide range of domains,how to improve the efficiency of GIS software development and assurance of software quality is an urgent problem, software reuse is an effective instrument. Framework is a combination of design reuse and code reuse. From the software reuse point of view, a number of related work about GIS development framework has already been conducted, yet no integrated solution of maps, operation data access and permissions was posted, and it is the major idea of this paper.
This paper describes the state of the art, posts the following targets,integration of traditional GIS functions, access control, data centers, taking the optional development model into account. In comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the component-based, software-bus, plug-in framework, introduces the plug-in mechanism into the components framework, and combined with MVC pattern, forming an integrated GIS application development framework. Pre-acquisition of system features is difficult in traditional applications, high degree of coupling of views, data and control, resulted in authentication before execution of function, or static generation of system UI according to permissions. Through the separation between view and data, control, system initialization process is divided into plug-in loading, and generation of UI two stages. In the process of UI generation dynamic control through permissions makes it possible that different users see a different UI of the GIS system.
This paper describes in detail the GIS application development framework, design idea, the overall structure and modules implementation. Finally a simple example is given to show the application development procedure based on the framework.
引文
[1]汤国安等.地理信息系统教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[2]余明,艾廷华.地理信息系统导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[3]李彩峰.GIS的应用现状及前景[J].华北国土资源,2009(3):62-23.
[4]张利等.基于RS和GIS的土地利用动态监测技术及应用[J].黑龙江工程学院学报(自然科学版), 2009, 23 (3): 18-21.
[5]代晨阳,余明.基于RS/GIS技术的厦门市土地覆盖变化研究[J].厦门理工学院学报2009,17 (3): 42-47.
[6]蔡师民等.国产化配电GIS在营销和配网生产管理中的研发与应用[J].北塔网络,2009,7(8): 57-61.
[7]吕迪.GIS技术在交通规划中的研究应用[J].产业与科技论坛,2009,8(6):122-123.
[8]Dr. Nabeel.A. Koshak. Developing a Web-Based GIS for Hajj Traffic Plan[J]. Hajj Research Institute, 2006, 6(6):1-13.
[9]李燕.黄河河道内建设项目信息系统开发与应用研究[J].人民黄河,2009,31(9):5-7.
[10]陈绮文等.GIS技术在邮政实物网中的应用[J].邮政研究,2009,25(5):13-15.
[11]朱博麟等.基亏GIS的港口防台应急辅助决策与指挥系统研究[J].港口科技,2009(9):18-22.
[12]吴建平.GIS在我国城市规划中的应用思考[J].市政建设,2009(18):165-166.
[13]杨芙清.软件工程技术发展思索[J].软件学报,2005,16(1):1-7.
[14]Gamma E., Helm R., Johnson R., Vlissides J.. Design Patterns Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software[M], NJ:Pearson Education,1995.
[15]孙昌爱,金茂忠,刘超.软件体系结构研究综述[J].软件学报,2002,13(7): 1228-1237.
[16]L F. Carpretz, M A. M. Carpretz, D. Li. Component based software development[C]. Denver:IEEE, 2001:1834-1837.
[17]何礼富.基于构件的WEB开发框架的研究、设计和实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].安徽.安徽理工大学计算机系,2005.
[18]许鑫,费翔林.基于MVC模式的应用软件开发框架研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,30:102-104.
[19]Ralph E. Johnson. Frameworks=(Components+Patterns)[J]. ACM, 1997,40(1 0): 39-42.
[20]董树霞等.基于软构件的软件开发框架研究[J].计算机应用研究,2005(6):33-37.
[21]RN. Taylor, N. Medvidovic, KM. Anderson. A component and message-based architectural style for GUI software[C]. Seattle:ACM, 1995:295-304.
[22]张秋余等.基于分布式软件总线的软构件开发技术的研究[J].兰州理工大学学报,2005,31(1):93-96.
[23]James M. Purtilo. The POLYLITH Software Bus[J]. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS), 1994,16(1):151-174.
[24]Brian W. Beach. Connecting software components with declarative glue[C]. Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering, NY:ACM, 1992:120-137.
[25]王滨,黄永锋,许晓东.基于SOA的应用程序框架研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(7):1198-1200.
[26]丁书耕等.基于DotNET平台的应用程序开发框架的研究[J].微机发展,2003,13(8):20-23.
[27]冯铁,张家晨.基于框架和角色模型的软件体系结构规约[J].软件学报,2000,11(8):1078-1086.
[28]朱仕杰,南卓铜.基于ArcEngine的GIS软件框架建设[J].遥感技术与应 用,2006,21(4):385-390.
[29]刘建国.基于COM的组件式GIS研究与应用[D]:[硕士学位论文].江苏南京.南京工业大学计算机系,2005.
[30]吴亮,杨凌云,尹艳斌.基于插件技术的GIS应用框架的研究与实现[J].中国地质大学学报,2006,31(5):609-614.
[31]蒋波涛.插件式GIS应用框架的设计与实现[M].电子工业出版社,北京,2008.10.
[32]潘爱民.COM原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[33]姚鹤岭.GIS Web服务研究[M].河南:黄河水利出版社,2007.
[34]S.Pratschner. Simplifying Deployment and Solving DLL Hell with the .NET Framework[EB/OL]. Microsoft Corporation, 2001. http://msdn. microsoft. com/en-us/library/ms973843. aspx.
[35]Weinand A., Gamma E., Marty R. : Design and Implementation of ET++, a Seamless Object-Oriented Application Framework, Structured Programm ing[J]. Springer-Verlag, 1989,10(2):63-87.
[36]Padmal Vitharana. Risks and Challenges of Component-based Software Development[J]. Communications of the ACM, 2003, 46(8):67-72.
[37]Woit.D, Mason.D.Component Independence for Software System Reliabil ity[C]. Quality Week, Europe(QWE' 98), Brussels:Software Research Institue,1998:1-7.
[38]姜建成.多平台通用GIS开发框架的设计与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].浙江杭州.浙江大学计算机系,2005.
[2]余明,艾廷华.地理信息系统导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[3]李彩峰.GIS的应用现状及前景[J].华北国土资源,2009(3):62-23.
[4]张利等.基于RS和GIS的土地利用动态监测技术及应用[J].黑龙江工程学院学报(自然科学版), 2009, 23 (3): 18-21.
[5]代晨阳,余明.基于RS/GIS技术的厦门市土地覆盖变化研究[J].厦门理工学院学报2009,17 (3): 42-47.
[6]蔡师民等.国产化配电GIS在营销和配网生产管理中的研发与应用[J].北塔网络,2009,7(8): 57-61.
[7]吕迪.GIS技术在交通规划中的研究应用[J].产业与科技论坛,2009,8(6):122-123.
[8]Dr. Nabeel.A. Koshak. Developing a Web-Based GIS for Hajj Traffic Plan[J]. Hajj Research Institute, 2006, 6(6):1-13.
[9]李燕.黄河河道内建设项目信息系统开发与应用研究[J].人民黄河,2009,31(9):5-7.
[10]陈绮文等.GIS技术在邮政实物网中的应用[J].邮政研究,2009,25(5):13-15.
[11]朱博麟等.基亏GIS的港口防台应急辅助决策与指挥系统研究[J].港口科技,2009(9):18-22.
[12]吴建平.GIS在我国城市规划中的应用思考[J].市政建设,2009(18):165-166.
[13]杨芙清.软件工程技术发展思索[J].软件学报,2005,16(1):1-7.
[14]Gamma E., Helm R., Johnson R., Vlissides J.. Design Patterns Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software[M], NJ:Pearson Education,1995.
[15]孙昌爱,金茂忠,刘超.软件体系结构研究综述[J].软件学报,2002,13(7): 1228-1237.
[16]L F. Carpretz, M A. M. Carpretz, D. Li. Component based software development[C]. Denver:IEEE, 2001:1834-1837.
[17]何礼富.基于构件的WEB开发框架的研究、设计和实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].安徽.安徽理工大学计算机系,2005.
[18]许鑫,费翔林.基于MVC模式的应用软件开发框架研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,30:102-104.
[19]Ralph E. Johnson. Frameworks=(Components+Patterns)[J]. ACM, 1997,40(1 0): 39-42.
[20]董树霞等.基于软构件的软件开发框架研究[J].计算机应用研究,2005(6):33-37.
[21]RN. Taylor, N. Medvidovic, KM. Anderson. A component and message-based architectural style for GUI software[C]. Seattle:ACM, 1995:295-304.
[22]张秋余等.基于分布式软件总线的软构件开发技术的研究[J].兰州理工大学学报,2005,31(1):93-96.
[23]James M. Purtilo. The POLYLITH Software Bus[J]. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS), 1994,16(1):151-174.
[24]Brian W. Beach. Connecting software components with declarative glue[C]. Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering, NY:ACM, 1992:120-137.
[25]王滨,黄永锋,许晓东.基于SOA的应用程序框架研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(7):1198-1200.
[26]丁书耕等.基于DotNET平台的应用程序开发框架的研究[J].微机发展,2003,13(8):20-23.
[27]冯铁,张家晨.基于框架和角色模型的软件体系结构规约[J].软件学报,2000,11(8):1078-1086.
[28]朱仕杰,南卓铜.基于ArcEngine的GIS软件框架建设[J].遥感技术与应 用,2006,21(4):385-390.
[29]刘建国.基于COM的组件式GIS研究与应用[D]:[硕士学位论文].江苏南京.南京工业大学计算机系,2005.
[30]吴亮,杨凌云,尹艳斌.基于插件技术的GIS应用框架的研究与实现[J].中国地质大学学报,2006,31(5):609-614.
[31]蒋波涛.插件式GIS应用框架的设计与实现[M].电子工业出版社,北京,2008.10.
[32]潘爱民.COM原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[33]姚鹤岭.GIS Web服务研究[M].河南:黄河水利出版社,2007.
[34]S.Pratschner. Simplifying Deployment and Solving DLL Hell with the .NET Framework[EB/OL]. Microsoft Corporation, 2001. http://msdn. microsoft. com/en-us/library/ms973843. aspx.
[35]Weinand A., Gamma E., Marty R. : Design and Implementation of ET++, a Seamless Object-Oriented Application Framework, Structured Programm ing[J]. Springer-Verlag, 1989,10(2):63-87.
[36]Padmal Vitharana. Risks and Challenges of Component-based Software Development[J]. Communications of the ACM, 2003, 46(8):67-72.
[37]Woit.D, Mason.D.Component Independence for Software System Reliabil ity[C]. Quality Week, Europe(QWE' 98), Brussels:Software Research Institue,1998:1-7.
[38]姜建成.多平台通用GIS开发框架的设计与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].浙江杭州.浙江大学计算机系,2005.
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