游泳运动对大鼠骨骼肌生长及PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路影响
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摘要
目的
骨骼肌的生长是一个复杂的调控过程,受营养、激素及机械运动等因素的影响。大量的研究表明适宜的运动训练可以使肌纤维直径和数量增加,引起骨骼肌壮大,从而使骨骼肌的质量和收缩力量均相应增加,但关于运动促进肌肉生长及的肥大的细胞分子机制仍不甚清楚。本研究观察大鼠在不同游泳训练强度下对骨骼肌生长的影响,及其形态结构的变化,并检测PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号蛋白的活性表达,以进一步探讨运动促进肌肉生长提供相关的细胞分子机制。
方法
本研究以40只雄性成年SD大鼠为研究对象,适应性饲养一周后随机分成5组:对照组(C组)、无负重游泳组(T0)、5%体重负重游泳组(T5)、10%体重负重游泳组(T10)、15%体重负重游泳组(T15),每组均为8只。对照组不进行训练,运动组大鼠隔日进行间歇游泳训练,每次训练时间为30min(5×6min,间隙时间为6min),实验时间为8周。末次游泳训练结束后禁食12小时后取材,准确称量大鼠体重与两侧腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的质量。采用考马斯亮蓝法测定各组大鼠腓肠肌中蛋白浓度。采用免疫印迹技术检测骨骼肌中PI3K、Akt、mTOR蛋白及磷酸化蛋白含量。
结果
1.8周间歇游泳训练后,与对照组相比,10%体重负重游泳组和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠体重非常显著下降(P<0.01);5%体重负重游泳组大鼠的体重有显著性下降(P<0.05)。15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的体重分别与无负重组、5%体重负重组、10%体重负重组相比均有显著性下降(P<0.05)。
15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的腓肠肌质量指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其它四组大鼠的腓肠肌质量指数有提高,但与对照组相比差异性不具有统计学意义。15%体重负重游泳组与无体重负重游泳组,5%体重负重游泳组大鼠的腓肠肌质量指数相比有显著性提高(P<0.05)。
与对照组相比,无负重游泳组、5%体重负重游泳组,10%体重负重游泳组大鼠的比目鱼肌质量指数有显著性提高(P<0.05),15%体重负重游泳组大鼠比目鱼肌质量指数具有非常显著提高(P<0.01)。15%体重负重游泳组比目鱼肌质量指数分别与无负重游泳组、5%体重负重游泳组和10%体重负重游泳组大鼠相比均有具有显著提高(P<0.05)。
2.8周间歇体重负重游泳训练后,与对照组相比,5%、10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌蛋白浓度OD值均有显著性提高(P<0.05)。10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌蛋白浓度OD值与无负重游泳组相比均有显著性提高(P<0.05)。
3.8周间歇体重负重游泳训练后,与对照组相比,10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌中磷酸化的PI3K平均光密度值有非常显著提高(P<0.01)
与对照组相比,15%体重负重游泳组大鼠骨骼肌中磷酸化Akt的平均光密度值有显著提高(P<0.05)。
与对照组相比,10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的骨骼肌中磷酸化的mTOR的平均光密度值具有非常显著提高(P<0.01)。与无体重负重游泳组和5%体重负重游泳组相比,10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的腓肠肌中磷酸化的mTOR的平均光密度值具有非常显著提高(P<0.01)。
结论
1.游泳训练能够有效地降低大鼠的体重,适宜的运动负荷能促进大鼠骨骼肌的生长。
2.适宜负荷游泳训练能诱导PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号蛋白磷酸化表达,促进骨骼肌蛋白合成及肌肉的生长。
Objectives:Skeletal muscle growth is a complicated process, the regulation by the nutrition, hormones and mechanical motion factors. A number of studies have suggested that suitable sport training can increase muscle diameter and, thus, causing skeletal muscles grow to the quality of skeletal muscle contraction force all increase with, but about sport promote muscle growth and mast cells molecular mechanism is unclear. This study looked at rats training intensity in different swimming under the influence of skeletal muscle growth, and morphological structure changes, and testing PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling proteins expressed the activity to discuss further how sport promote muscle growth provide relevant cell and molecular mechanism.
Methods:This study use 40 adult male SD rats for research object, adaptability to raise a week later randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (group C), no weight loading swimming group (T0), 5% weight weight loading swimming group (T5), 10% weight weight loading swimming group (T10), 15% weight weight loading swimming (T15) groups and each group are 8. The control group didn't exercise group training, rats were intermittent swimming training, scheffe every training time for 30min (5 x 6min, clearance time is 6min), experimental time for 8 weeks. The last time swimming training after 12 hours after fasting, alternately, weighing and bilateral gastrocnemius rat weight and the soleus quality. Using test method for each MaSiLiang blue protein in the rat gastrocnemius concentration. By immune imprinting detection PI3K, Akt, in skeletal muscle mTOR protein and phosphoprotein content.
Results :1.8 weeks after intermission swimming training, as compared with control, 10% weight weight loading swimming group and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, weight very significantly (P < 0.01); 5% weight weight loading swimming rats, weight dropped significantly (P < 0.05). 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, weight respectively with no negative restructuring, reorganization, 10% weight negative 5% compared weight negative restructuring significantly sex to decrease (P < 0.05).
15% weight weight loading swimming rats, significantly higher than the gastrocnemius quality index in control group (P < 0.05), and the other four groups of rats quality index has improved, gastrocnemius compared with control difference but not significant. 15% weight weight loading swimming group with no weight weight loading swimming group, 5% weight weight loading swimming rats, compared the calf muscle mass index improved significantly (P < 0.05).
Compared with control, no weight loading swimming group, 5% weight weight loading swimming group, 10% weight weight loading swimming rats soleus quality index of improved significantly (P < 0.05), 15% weight weight loading swimming group of rat soleus quality index increase has very significant (P < 0.01). 15% weight weight loading swimming group soleus quality index respectively with no weight loading swimming group, 5% weight weight loading swimming group and 10% weight weight loading swimming rats are compared with improved significantly (P < 0.05). 28 weeks intermittent weight weight loading swimming training, as compared with control, 5%, 10%, 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, gastrocnemius muscle protein concentration OD value were improved significantly (P < 0.05). 5% weight weight loading swimming group than weight loading swimming rats, without the gastrocnemius protein concentration OD value is high, but this was not statistically significant; 10% and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, gastrocnemius muscle protein concentration OD value without weight loading swimming group compared with are improved significantly (P < 0.05). 5%, 10%, 15% of the weight weight loading swimming between gastrocnemius protein concentration OD value difference was not significant, no statistical significance.
3.8 weeks intermittent weight weight loading swimming training, as compared with control, 10% and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats in the phosphorylated PI3K gastrocnemius average light density values have very significantly increased (P < 0.01)
Compared with control, 15% weight weight loading swimming rats in the average phosphorylation of skeletal muscle Akt light density values have improved significantly (P < 0.05).
Compared with the control, 10% and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats in the skeletal muscles of the phosphorylated mTOR average light density values increase has very significant (P < 0.01). Compared withno weight weight loading swimming group or 5% weight weight loading swimming group, 10% and 15% compared weight weight loading swimming rats in the gastrocnemius mTOR phosphorylation of the average light density values increase has very significant (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:1. Swimming training can effectively reduce rat weight, promote skeletal muscle growth, and appropriate exercise load relevant.
2. Appropriate load swimming training can induce PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal protein expression, promote phosphorylation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis and muscle growth.
骨骼肌的生长是一个复杂的调控过程,受营养、激素及机械运动等因素的影响。大量的研究表明适宜的运动训练可以使肌纤维直径和数量增加,引起骨骼肌壮大,从而使骨骼肌的质量和收缩力量均相应增加,但关于运动促进肌肉生长及的肥大的细胞分子机制仍不甚清楚。本研究观察大鼠在不同游泳训练强度下对骨骼肌生长的影响,及其形态结构的变化,并检测PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号蛋白的活性表达,以进一步探讨运动促进肌肉生长提供相关的细胞分子机制。
方法
本研究以40只雄性成年SD大鼠为研究对象,适应性饲养一周后随机分成5组:对照组(C组)、无负重游泳组(T0)、5%体重负重游泳组(T5)、10%体重负重游泳组(T10)、15%体重负重游泳组(T15),每组均为8只。对照组不进行训练,运动组大鼠隔日进行间歇游泳训练,每次训练时间为30min(5×6min,间隙时间为6min),实验时间为8周。末次游泳训练结束后禁食12小时后取材,准确称量大鼠体重与两侧腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的质量。采用考马斯亮蓝法测定各组大鼠腓肠肌中蛋白浓度。采用免疫印迹技术检测骨骼肌中PI3K、Akt、mTOR蛋白及磷酸化蛋白含量。
结果
1.8周间歇游泳训练后,与对照组相比,10%体重负重游泳组和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠体重非常显著下降(P<0.01);5%体重负重游泳组大鼠的体重有显著性下降(P<0.05)。15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的体重分别与无负重组、5%体重负重组、10%体重负重组相比均有显著性下降(P<0.05)。
15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的腓肠肌质量指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其它四组大鼠的腓肠肌质量指数有提高,但与对照组相比差异性不具有统计学意义。15%体重负重游泳组与无体重负重游泳组,5%体重负重游泳组大鼠的腓肠肌质量指数相比有显著性提高(P<0.05)。
与对照组相比,无负重游泳组、5%体重负重游泳组,10%体重负重游泳组大鼠的比目鱼肌质量指数有显著性提高(P<0.05),15%体重负重游泳组大鼠比目鱼肌质量指数具有非常显著提高(P<0.01)。15%体重负重游泳组比目鱼肌质量指数分别与无负重游泳组、5%体重负重游泳组和10%体重负重游泳组大鼠相比均有具有显著提高(P<0.05)。
2.8周间歇体重负重游泳训练后,与对照组相比,5%、10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌蛋白浓度OD值均有显著性提高(P<0.05)。10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌蛋白浓度OD值与无负重游泳组相比均有显著性提高(P<0.05)。
3.8周间歇体重负重游泳训练后,与对照组相比,10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌中磷酸化的PI3K平均光密度值有非常显著提高(P<0.01)
与对照组相比,15%体重负重游泳组大鼠骨骼肌中磷酸化Akt的平均光密度值有显著提高(P<0.05)。
与对照组相比,10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的骨骼肌中磷酸化的mTOR的平均光密度值具有非常显著提高(P<0.01)。与无体重负重游泳组和5%体重负重游泳组相比,10%和15%体重负重游泳组大鼠的腓肠肌中磷酸化的mTOR的平均光密度值具有非常显著提高(P<0.01)。
结论
1.游泳训练能够有效地降低大鼠的体重,适宜的运动负荷能促进大鼠骨骼肌的生长。
2.适宜负荷游泳训练能诱导PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号蛋白磷酸化表达,促进骨骼肌蛋白合成及肌肉的生长。
Objectives:Skeletal muscle growth is a complicated process, the regulation by the nutrition, hormones and mechanical motion factors. A number of studies have suggested that suitable sport training can increase muscle diameter and, thus, causing skeletal muscles grow to the quality of skeletal muscle contraction force all increase with, but about sport promote muscle growth and mast cells molecular mechanism is unclear. This study looked at rats training intensity in different swimming under the influence of skeletal muscle growth, and morphological structure changes, and testing PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling proteins expressed the activity to discuss further how sport promote muscle growth provide relevant cell and molecular mechanism.
Methods:This study use 40 adult male SD rats for research object, adaptability to raise a week later randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (group C), no weight loading swimming group (T0), 5% weight weight loading swimming group (T5), 10% weight weight loading swimming group (T10), 15% weight weight loading swimming (T15) groups and each group are 8. The control group didn't exercise group training, rats were intermittent swimming training, scheffe every training time for 30min (5 x 6min, clearance time is 6min), experimental time for 8 weeks. The last time swimming training after 12 hours after fasting, alternately, weighing and bilateral gastrocnemius rat weight and the soleus quality. Using test method for each MaSiLiang blue protein in the rat gastrocnemius concentration. By immune imprinting detection PI3K, Akt, in skeletal muscle mTOR protein and phosphoprotein content.
Results :1.8 weeks after intermission swimming training, as compared with control, 10% weight weight loading swimming group and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, weight very significantly (P < 0.01); 5% weight weight loading swimming rats, weight dropped significantly (P < 0.05). 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, weight respectively with no negative restructuring, reorganization, 10% weight negative 5% compared weight negative restructuring significantly sex to decrease (P < 0.05).
15% weight weight loading swimming rats, significantly higher than the gastrocnemius quality index in control group (P < 0.05), and the other four groups of rats quality index has improved, gastrocnemius compared with control difference but not significant. 15% weight weight loading swimming group with no weight weight loading swimming group, 5% weight weight loading swimming rats, compared the calf muscle mass index improved significantly (P < 0.05).
Compared with control, no weight loading swimming group, 5% weight weight loading swimming group, 10% weight weight loading swimming rats soleus quality index of improved significantly (P < 0.05), 15% weight weight loading swimming group of rat soleus quality index increase has very significant (P < 0.01). 15% weight weight loading swimming group soleus quality index respectively with no weight loading swimming group, 5% weight weight loading swimming group and 10% weight weight loading swimming rats are compared with improved significantly (P < 0.05). 28 weeks intermittent weight weight loading swimming training, as compared with control, 5%, 10%, 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, gastrocnemius muscle protein concentration OD value were improved significantly (P < 0.05). 5% weight weight loading swimming group than weight loading swimming rats, without the gastrocnemius protein concentration OD value is high, but this was not statistically significant; 10% and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats, gastrocnemius muscle protein concentration OD value without weight loading swimming group compared with are improved significantly (P < 0.05). 5%, 10%, 15% of the weight weight loading swimming between gastrocnemius protein concentration OD value difference was not significant, no statistical significance.
3.8 weeks intermittent weight weight loading swimming training, as compared with control, 10% and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats in the phosphorylated PI3K gastrocnemius average light density values have very significantly increased (P < 0.01)
Compared with control, 15% weight weight loading swimming rats in the average phosphorylation of skeletal muscle Akt light density values have improved significantly (P < 0.05).
Compared with the control, 10% and 15% weight weight loading swimming rats in the skeletal muscles of the phosphorylated mTOR average light density values increase has very significant (P < 0.01). Compared withno weight weight loading swimming group or 5% weight weight loading swimming group, 10% and 15% compared weight weight loading swimming rats in the gastrocnemius mTOR phosphorylation of the average light density values increase has very significant (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:1. Swimming training can effectively reduce rat weight, promote skeletal muscle growth, and appropriate exercise load relevant.
2. Appropriate load swimming training can induce PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal protein expression, promote phosphorylation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis and muscle growth.
引文
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