湖南机场管理集团企业文化测量量表构建及其应用研究
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摘要
任何企业的发展,都有赖于先进理念的正确引领和先进文化的强力支撑。机场属地化管理以来,湖南省机场管理集团有限公司辖管了省内重要的五大航空港口,是湖南省经济文化发展的形象窗口单位。尽管近年来湖南机场管理集团取得了长足的发展,但其略显滞后的文化建设已经制约了经济的发展。本文旨在运用适合的企业文化测量量表展开对湖南机场企业文化的现状调研,提出优化对策及建议。
本文介绍了在国内外具有较大影响的企业文化测量量表,重点分析了Hofstede、Quinn、Denison、郑伯壎等在学术界影响颇深的研究者的成果,对其量表在中国企业应用可能产生的问题进行了探讨。通过对Denison的OCQ量表进行修正、结合机场开展问卷调查及相关检验等步骤,将测量湖南机场企业文化的51个结构化问题归纳为员工参与、团队合作、文化认同、凝聚力、人际和谐、能力与绩效、创新意识、客户意识、组织学习、企业愿景与目标、社会责任等11个维度,在此基础上,构建出机场企业文化测量量表。
之后,运用此企业文化测量量表在湖南机场管理集团开展了实证研究,将问卷调查所得数据以SPSS软件进行系统分析,得出这11个维度从高到低的得分顺序,接着通过综合分析深入访谈、实地考察和问卷调查的结果,对湖南机场管理集团企业文化建设的发展历程、基本现状和存在问题进行了评述,有针对性地提出了湖南机场管理集团企业文化优化的对策及建议。
所提的对策是优化湖南机场管理集团企业文化建设的指导思想和纲领,包括湖南机场管理集团优化的基本原则、具体步骤、核心内容、组织实施等,基本适合湖南机场管理集团公司的实际情况,对湖南机场管理集团公司企业文化建设具有一定的指导作用;有关建议则对于解决湖南机场管理集团企业文化存在的问题有一定的借鉴意义。本文采用的文献阅读法、理论与实证相结合的方法、企业文化定量研究和定性研究相结合的方法以及研究成果对于机场行业的企业文化建设具有一定的推广价值。
The development of any compony will depend on the correct guidance of advanced concepts and the support of strong advanced culture. Since the territorial management of the airport, Hunan Airport Management Group manage the province's five major airports, so it's economic and cultural development is the image window units in Hunan. In despite of it's recent development, its slightly lagging cultural building has hindered it's economic development. By using of suitable measurement scale of enterprise culture, the paper aims to measure Hunan Airport Group enterprise's culture, and on this basis we raise culture optimization measures and recommendations.
This paper has introduced the corporate culture measurement scale which have a greater impact at home and abroad, and has talked about the achievements of Hofstede, Quinn, Denison, Boxun Cheng in the academic researchers and have talked about the issues when these scale enterprise applications are used in china enterprise. By amending Denison's OCQ scale, with the survey to the airport and related inspection steps to the corporate culture, Summarized the 51 structures into the issue of staff participation, teamwork, cultural identity and cohesion, interpersonal harmony, capacity and performance, innovation, and customer awareness, organizational learning, business vision and goals, such as social responsibility of 11 dimensions, and on that basis, constructing a scale of the enterprise culture.
And then, by using this measurement scale of enterprise culture in Hunan Airport Group in the empirical study,and analysising the survey data by the SPSS software systems analysis, then get this 11-dimensional order ranked according to the level of scoring, through the analysis of in-depth interviews, observising in the compony and survey results, the auther comented the development of Hunan Airport Group enterprise's culture , basic status and problems that have reviewed, and raised a culture optimization measures and recommendations in a targeted manner to the Airport Corporate.
The solution is a guiding ideology and optimizing program of the Group of enterprise culture's development, including Airport Group of the basic principles and specific steps to the core content, organization, basic suitable for the actual situation of the Group, the Airport Corporation will be a corporate culture guide; the proposals for solving the Airport Group corporate culture issues is a reference. This paper has used literature reading combining theory and empirical methods, the enterprise culture of quantitative and qualitative research methods and research to the results of the industry for building enterprise culture has certain value.
本文介绍了在国内外具有较大影响的企业文化测量量表,重点分析了Hofstede、Quinn、Denison、郑伯壎等在学术界影响颇深的研究者的成果,对其量表在中国企业应用可能产生的问题进行了探讨。通过对Denison的OCQ量表进行修正、结合机场开展问卷调查及相关检验等步骤,将测量湖南机场企业文化的51个结构化问题归纳为员工参与、团队合作、文化认同、凝聚力、人际和谐、能力与绩效、创新意识、客户意识、组织学习、企业愿景与目标、社会责任等11个维度,在此基础上,构建出机场企业文化测量量表。
之后,运用此企业文化测量量表在湖南机场管理集团开展了实证研究,将问卷调查所得数据以SPSS软件进行系统分析,得出这11个维度从高到低的得分顺序,接着通过综合分析深入访谈、实地考察和问卷调查的结果,对湖南机场管理集团企业文化建设的发展历程、基本现状和存在问题进行了评述,有针对性地提出了湖南机场管理集团企业文化优化的对策及建议。
所提的对策是优化湖南机场管理集团企业文化建设的指导思想和纲领,包括湖南机场管理集团优化的基本原则、具体步骤、核心内容、组织实施等,基本适合湖南机场管理集团公司的实际情况,对湖南机场管理集团公司企业文化建设具有一定的指导作用;有关建议则对于解决湖南机场管理集团企业文化存在的问题有一定的借鉴意义。本文采用的文献阅读法、理论与实证相结合的方法、企业文化定量研究和定性研究相结合的方法以及研究成果对于机场行业的企业文化建设具有一定的推广价值。
The development of any compony will depend on the correct guidance of advanced concepts and the support of strong advanced culture. Since the territorial management of the airport, Hunan Airport Management Group manage the province's five major airports, so it's economic and cultural development is the image window units in Hunan. In despite of it's recent development, its slightly lagging cultural building has hindered it's economic development. By using of suitable measurement scale of enterprise culture, the paper aims to measure Hunan Airport Group enterprise's culture, and on this basis we raise culture optimization measures and recommendations.
This paper has introduced the corporate culture measurement scale which have a greater impact at home and abroad, and has talked about the achievements of Hofstede, Quinn, Denison, Boxun Cheng in the academic researchers and have talked about the issues when these scale enterprise applications are used in china enterprise. By amending Denison's OCQ scale, with the survey to the airport and related inspection steps to the corporate culture, Summarized the 51 structures into the issue of staff participation, teamwork, cultural identity and cohesion, interpersonal harmony, capacity and performance, innovation, and customer awareness, organizational learning, business vision and goals, such as social responsibility of 11 dimensions, and on that basis, constructing a scale of the enterprise culture.
And then, by using this measurement scale of enterprise culture in Hunan Airport Group in the empirical study,and analysising the survey data by the SPSS software systems analysis, then get this 11-dimensional order ranked according to the level of scoring, through the analysis of in-depth interviews, observising in the compony and survey results, the auther comented the development of Hunan Airport Group enterprise's culture , basic status and problems that have reviewed, and raised a culture optimization measures and recommendations in a targeted manner to the Airport Corporate.
The solution is a guiding ideology and optimizing program of the Group of enterprise culture's development, including Airport Group of the basic principles and specific steps to the core content, organization, basic suitable for the actual situation of the Group, the Airport Corporation will be a corporate culture guide; the proposals for solving the Airport Group corporate culture issues is a reference. This paper has used literature reading combining theory and empirical methods, the enterprise culture of quantitative and qualitative research methods and research to the results of the industry for building enterprise culture has certain value.
引文
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[44]黎群.企业文化建设100问[M].经济科学出版社,2004(11):17-22,62-65
[45]高贤峰.企业文化建设三步曲.华夏管理网
[46]蔡锦明.从惠普、海尔之道透视现代企业文化的构建[J].天府新论,2004(1):144
[47]刘光明.中外企业文化案例[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2004
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[2]威廉.大内著,孙维君等译.Z理论-美国企业界怎么迎接日本的挑战[M].中国社会科学出版社,1984
[3]韩文辉等.国外企业文化理论主要流派评述[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2000(4):21-29
[4]黄玉杰,李忱.网络经济时代的企业管理变革[J].系统辩证学学报,2003(1)
[5]陈小平.西方企业文化理论的兴起[J].中外企业文化,1995(1)
[6]Schultz Majken,on studying organizational culture,NewYork,W de Gruyter,1995:46-47
[7]魏杰.企业文化塑造[M].北京:中国发展出版社,2002:4-24
[8]Cameron K.S.,Quinn R.E..Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture:Based on The Competing Values Framework[M].New York:Addison-Wesley Press,1998
[9]张勉,张德.企业雇员组织承诺三因素模型实证研究[J].南开管理评论,2002,5:70-75
[10]Quinn R.E.,Rohrbach J.A Spatial model of effectiveness criteria:Toward a competing values approach to organizational analysis.Management Science,1983,29(3):363-377
[11]张勉,张德.组织文化测量研究述评[J].外国经济管理,2004,8(26):2-7
[12]Denison D.R.Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness.New York:John-Wiley&Sons,1990:40-46
[13]Denison D.R.,Mishra A.K..Toward a Theory of Organizational Culture and Effectiveness[J].Organization Science,1995,6(2):204-223
[14]Carl F.Fey.,& Daniel R.Denison Organizaional culture and effectiveness:the case of foreign firms in Russia.SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Business Administration No.2000:4
[15]Cho H.J.The validity and teliabilit of the organizational culture questionnaire.New York:John-Wiley&Sons,2000:114-119
[16]Hofstede G.,Neuijen B.,Ohayv D.,et al..Measuring Organizational Culture:A Qualitative and Quantitative Study across Twenty Cases[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1990,35:286-316
[17]O'Reilly C.A.,Chatman J.,Caldwell J..People and Organizational Culture:A Profile Comparison Approach to Assessing Person-organization Fit[J].Academy of Management Journal,1991,34:487-516
[18]郑伯壎.组织文化价值观的数量衡鉴[J].中华心理学刊,1990,32:31-49
[19]徐淑英,刘忠明.中国企业管理的前沿研究[M].北京大学出版社,2004
[20]Xin K.,Tsui A.S.,Hui W.,et al..Corporate Culture in State-owned Enterprises:An Inductive Analysis of Dimensions and Influences[DC].In Tsui,A.S.,& Lau,C.M.(Eds.)Management of Enterprises in the People's Republic of China.,Kluwer Academic Press,2002
[21]曾昊等.企业文化测量研究述评[J].中国地址大学学报,2005,21(03):90-94
[22]赵琼.国外企业文化研究进展[J].华北电业,2002(4):19
[23]张要一等.国外企业文化研究成果的启示[J].中外企业文化,2003(10):56-57
[24]马华维.企业文化建设的实证研究:对一国有大型电力公司企业文化建设的调查与分析[J].管理世界,2001,3:56-61
[25]俞文钊,吕晓俊,王恰琳.持续学习组织文化研究[J].心理科学,2002,25(2):134-135
[26]王国顺等.基于问卷调查的企业文化测量模型改进及实证分析[J].科技进步与对策,2006,12:48-53
[27]颜爱民.OCQ量表在国有矿山企业中的实证研究[J].矿冶工程,2007,27(02):84-88
[28]仁达方略公司.企业文化测评[J].中国企业文化年鉴,2001(5):5-13
[29]中国企业测评中心.企业文化测评评述[J].中国企业文化年鉴,2004(9):22-24
[30]华瑶等.论企业文化及其评价体系的建立[J].工业技术经济,2003,(04):31-32
[31]宋联可等.组织文化量表研究综述及评析[J].华东经济管理,2006,20 (10):56-60
[32]长沙黄花国际机场.长沙黄花国际机场规范化管理手册之总册机场简介,2004(4):1
[33]帅开欣.落实科学发展观,加速长沙空港和谐发展.空港信息,2006(9):27-28
[34]《湖南民航志》编纂委员会.湖南民航志[M].湖南大学出版社,2003(03):1-8
[35]汪曦.试论湖南省机场管理集团发展战略,2007(05)
[36]迈克尔·茨威尔著,王申英等译.创造基于能力的企业文化[M].华夏出版社,2002
[37]秦家芳.首都湖南机场管理集团文化再造[J].中国民用航空,2006(3):32-34
[38]吴荣云.长沙黄花国际机场安全管理体系之制度系统.长沙黄花国际机场安全管理体系手册,2006(9):8
[39]刘嘉.企业文化的比较研究[J].现代管理科学,2004(6):82
[40]张德.企业文化建设(第一版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:67
[41]黄小勇,尹继东.论企业文化建设[J].管理科学文摘,2004(09):40
[42]李桂进.民航企业如何走出文化建设的困境[J].民航管理,2004(12)
[43]刘光明.企业文化案例[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2003:57
[44]黎群.企业文化建设100问[M].经济科学出版社,2004(11):17-22,62-65
[45]高贤峰.企业文化建设三步曲.华夏管理网
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