夯实水泥土桩复合地基特性研究
|
摘要
非饱和黏土及粉土地基中带垫层夯实水泥土桩复合地基的研究远落后于工程实践,目前的设计主要参考CFG桩复合地基的设计方法。由于垫层的设置及桩体材料强度的限制,其承载及变形特性既不同于软土地区不带垫层搅拌水泥土桩复合地基,又不同于带垫层刚性桩复合地基,因此研究夯实水泥土桩复合地基的荷载传递特性、荷载作用下应力场和位移场的分布特征,对夯实水泥土桩复合地基的技术发展有十分重要的意义。
该法具有施工设备简单、造价低、施工方便快捷的优点,适合于多层及小高层建筑地基的加固处理,应用前景广阔。为该技术的进一步发展,本文从系统的现场试验和理论分析方面对夯实水泥土桩复合地基特性进行研究,主要研究工作包括:
1系统性的现场试验:进行了不同桩长、不同桩体强度夯实水泥土单桩的载荷试验,不同桩长单桩、四桩复合地基以及不同面积置换率的九桩复合地基及相应天然地基载荷试验。试验测试内容包括:载荷板荷载与变形的测试,载荷板垫层下不同区域桩、土压力的测试,不同深度桩体应力的测试,桩、土表面变形的测试,桩间土分层沉降。特别是针对夯实水泥土桩的施工特点,提出了一种测定桩身应力与变形的方法。在此基础上,系统分析了夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递机理及变形特性,夯实水泥土桩复合地基中的桩体荷载传递性状,复合地基承载力、桩土荷载分担特性、桩土变形特性进行研究,初步总结出夯实水泥土桩复合地基的承载及变形规律。
2理论研究:首先以荷载传递法结合Mindlin解的Geddes公式,通过理论计算进一步探讨夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递及变形特性。其次,基于试验结果的分析,考虑垫层设置及夯实水泥土桩的压缩性,提出了一种适合夯实水泥土桩复合地基的桩侧摩阻力的分布模式,以桩、土和垫层的变形协调为基础,建立夯实水泥土桩复合地基理论分析方法,并提供计算桩土应力比的理论解析解。比较试验和计算结果,本文提出的桩土应力比计算公式对确定复合地基的荷载分担作用具有指导意义。分析了桩长、垫层模量、桩侧摩阻力、桩间土压缩模量、桩体强度等对桩、土应力比,桩、土荷载分担特性,桩、桩间土应力分布特性,中性点位置,桩体上刺入垫层的刺入量大小等的影响。
3夯实水泥土桩复合地基沉降计算方法:针对于带垫层夯实水泥土桩复合地基,以上述理论为基础,联合Mindlin解和Boussinesq解,研究了夯实水泥土桩复合地基中地基土的应力分布特性,提出应力分布的简化计算模型,并根据大量载荷试验资料给出夯实水泥土桩复合地基变形模量的确定方法,提出应力调整法和应力模量调整法计算沉降的新方法,并根据实际工程的实际观测资料验证方法的可靠性。
4夯实水泥土桩复合地基可靠性指标的计算
基于大量夯实水泥土桩复合地基载荷试验资料,采用模糊统计试验的方法得到了以沉降率为基础的复合地基失效准则的隶属函数,研究了夯实水泥土桩复合地基的模糊随机可靠性问题,并计算了夯实水泥土桩复合地基目前设计水准的可靠指标。
Research on the rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion in unsaturated clay and silt drops obviously behind its practice application at present and the current design mainly consult the design method of CFG pile composite foundation. Due to setting cushion and limited strength, its behaviors are different from that of the cement-soil mixing piles composite foundation without cushion in soft ground and the rigid pile composite foundation with cushion. It is of great significance to study load transfer mechanism, stress and displacement field distribution for the development of rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation.
The technology, which is suitable for multi-layer and low high-rise building ground treatment, has the advantage of simple construction、low cost and shorter construction cycles and the need for construction equipment is relatively simple. In this dissertation, the behaviors of the rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion in unsaturated clay and silt are studied via systematic field loading tests and theoretical analysis for development of the technology. Main content are as follow:
1. Systematic test study:
Field loading tests on single piles in which lengths and strengths various and field loading tests of composite foundation with single pile、four piles、nine piles in different length and area displacement ratio have been carried out. Experimental tests include loading and deformation, pile-soil pressure, pile stress, pile and soil surface deformation, stratified settlement of soil between piles. Aiming at special method of installation of rammed soil-cement piles, a new type of stress and deformation of pile testing methods was proposed. On this basis, load transfer and deformation characteristics of pile and composite foundation, bearing capacity, pile-soil stress ratio, load sharing ratio、pile-soil deformation characteristics of composite foundation have been analyzed. Preliminary summarization is made to basic law of load transferring mechanism and deformation characteristics.
2. Theoretical analysis:
First, theoretical analysis, which combined load-transfer method and Geddes' formula, are carried out for further study load and deformation characteristics of rammed soil-cement piles; second, basing on filed loading test results of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation with cushion, a new pile shaft resistance distribution pattern was proposed by considering the cushion and pile compression. Analyzing method is presented by considering harmony working of piles, surrounding soil and cushion in composite foundation and theoretical solution is given. Compared with theoretical solution and in-situ test results, a pronounced agreement is found. What's more, the solution can provide a guide to determine pile-soil load share ratio. Considering the influences of pile length、cushion stiffness、shaft resistance、soil modulus、pile strength, variation rule of pile-soil stress ratio、load sharing ratio、distribution of the axial force、pile stress along pile shaft、soil stress along depth、the position of neutral point、the size of pile penetrating cushion are studied.
3. Settlement calculation of rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion:
The soil stress distribution of rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion are studied on the basis of the above theory, which combined Mindlin solution and Boussinesq solution. Simplify soil stress distribution pattern was given and a way to determine deformation modulus was proposed. A new improved method for calculating the settlement of composite foundation, modified stress method and modified stress and modulus method, is put forward. The comparison between calculated results and measured data show that improved methods enjoy merits of simplified calculation、clear physical concept and certain precision.
4. Reliability index of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation:
Based on the large amounts of data of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation loading tests, the settlement rate of composite foundation is used as an analytical variable considering its randomness and fuzziness of failure. The membership function of the failure state is obtained by fuzzy statistic method. The calculation method of fuzzy random reliability of composite foundation lost its stability have been established and reliability index of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation based on load test have been analyzed through examples for current design standards.
该法具有施工设备简单、造价低、施工方便快捷的优点,适合于多层及小高层建筑地基的加固处理,应用前景广阔。为该技术的进一步发展,本文从系统的现场试验和理论分析方面对夯实水泥土桩复合地基特性进行研究,主要研究工作包括:
1系统性的现场试验:进行了不同桩长、不同桩体强度夯实水泥土单桩的载荷试验,不同桩长单桩、四桩复合地基以及不同面积置换率的九桩复合地基及相应天然地基载荷试验。试验测试内容包括:载荷板荷载与变形的测试,载荷板垫层下不同区域桩、土压力的测试,不同深度桩体应力的测试,桩、土表面变形的测试,桩间土分层沉降。特别是针对夯实水泥土桩的施工特点,提出了一种测定桩身应力与变形的方法。在此基础上,系统分析了夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递机理及变形特性,夯实水泥土桩复合地基中的桩体荷载传递性状,复合地基承载力、桩土荷载分担特性、桩土变形特性进行研究,初步总结出夯实水泥土桩复合地基的承载及变形规律。
2理论研究:首先以荷载传递法结合Mindlin解的Geddes公式,通过理论计算进一步探讨夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递及变形特性。其次,基于试验结果的分析,考虑垫层设置及夯实水泥土桩的压缩性,提出了一种适合夯实水泥土桩复合地基的桩侧摩阻力的分布模式,以桩、土和垫层的变形协调为基础,建立夯实水泥土桩复合地基理论分析方法,并提供计算桩土应力比的理论解析解。比较试验和计算结果,本文提出的桩土应力比计算公式对确定复合地基的荷载分担作用具有指导意义。分析了桩长、垫层模量、桩侧摩阻力、桩间土压缩模量、桩体强度等对桩、土应力比,桩、土荷载分担特性,桩、桩间土应力分布特性,中性点位置,桩体上刺入垫层的刺入量大小等的影响。
3夯实水泥土桩复合地基沉降计算方法:针对于带垫层夯实水泥土桩复合地基,以上述理论为基础,联合Mindlin解和Boussinesq解,研究了夯实水泥土桩复合地基中地基土的应力分布特性,提出应力分布的简化计算模型,并根据大量载荷试验资料给出夯实水泥土桩复合地基变形模量的确定方法,提出应力调整法和应力模量调整法计算沉降的新方法,并根据实际工程的实际观测资料验证方法的可靠性。
4夯实水泥土桩复合地基可靠性指标的计算
基于大量夯实水泥土桩复合地基载荷试验资料,采用模糊统计试验的方法得到了以沉降率为基础的复合地基失效准则的隶属函数,研究了夯实水泥土桩复合地基的模糊随机可靠性问题,并计算了夯实水泥土桩复合地基目前设计水准的可靠指标。
Research on the rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion in unsaturated clay and silt drops obviously behind its practice application at present and the current design mainly consult the design method of CFG pile composite foundation. Due to setting cushion and limited strength, its behaviors are different from that of the cement-soil mixing piles composite foundation without cushion in soft ground and the rigid pile composite foundation with cushion. It is of great significance to study load transfer mechanism, stress and displacement field distribution for the development of rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation.
The technology, which is suitable for multi-layer and low high-rise building ground treatment, has the advantage of simple construction、low cost and shorter construction cycles and the need for construction equipment is relatively simple. In this dissertation, the behaviors of the rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion in unsaturated clay and silt are studied via systematic field loading tests and theoretical analysis for development of the technology. Main content are as follow:
1. Systematic test study:
Field loading tests on single piles in which lengths and strengths various and field loading tests of composite foundation with single pile、four piles、nine piles in different length and area displacement ratio have been carried out. Experimental tests include loading and deformation, pile-soil pressure, pile stress, pile and soil surface deformation, stratified settlement of soil between piles. Aiming at special method of installation of rammed soil-cement piles, a new type of stress and deformation of pile testing methods was proposed. On this basis, load transfer and deformation characteristics of pile and composite foundation, bearing capacity, pile-soil stress ratio, load sharing ratio、pile-soil deformation characteristics of composite foundation have been analyzed. Preliminary summarization is made to basic law of load transferring mechanism and deformation characteristics.
2. Theoretical analysis:
First, theoretical analysis, which combined load-transfer method and Geddes' formula, are carried out for further study load and deformation characteristics of rammed soil-cement piles; second, basing on filed loading test results of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation with cushion, a new pile shaft resistance distribution pattern was proposed by considering the cushion and pile compression. Analyzing method is presented by considering harmony working of piles, surrounding soil and cushion in composite foundation and theoretical solution is given. Compared with theoretical solution and in-situ test results, a pronounced agreement is found. What's more, the solution can provide a guide to determine pile-soil load share ratio. Considering the influences of pile length、cushion stiffness、shaft resistance、soil modulus、pile strength, variation rule of pile-soil stress ratio、load sharing ratio、distribution of the axial force、pile stress along pile shaft、soil stress along depth、the position of neutral point、the size of pile penetrating cushion are studied.
3. Settlement calculation of rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion:
The soil stress distribution of rammed soil-cement piles composite foundation with cushion are studied on the basis of the above theory, which combined Mindlin solution and Boussinesq solution. Simplify soil stress distribution pattern was given and a way to determine deformation modulus was proposed. A new improved method for calculating the settlement of composite foundation, modified stress method and modified stress and modulus method, is put forward. The comparison between calculated results and measured data show that improved methods enjoy merits of simplified calculation、clear physical concept and certain precision.
4. Reliability index of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation:
Based on the large amounts of data of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation loading tests, the settlement rate of composite foundation is used as an analytical variable considering its randomness and fuzziness of failure. The membership function of the failure state is obtained by fuzzy statistic method. The calculation method of fuzzy random reliability of composite foundation lost its stability have been established and reliability index of rammed cement-soil pile composite foundation based on load test have been analyzed through examples for current design standards.
引文
1.王吉望.复合地基的现状与发展[J].地基基础工程,1991(1).
2.龚晓南.地基处理技术发展与展望[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,知识产权出版社,2004.
3.上海市建设委员会沪建(97)第0372号文.关于粉喷桩及深层搅拌桩在建筑工程地基处理中应用问题的通知[z].
4.盐城市建设委员会盐建字(99)第238号文.印发“提高全市住宅工程质量的暂行规定”的通知[z].
5.闫明礼等.《夯实水泥土桩复合地基试验研究》研究报告[D],中国建筑科学研究院,河北建筑科学研究院,1995,11.
6.龚晓南.复合地基设计和施工指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
7. N.Horii,Y.Toyosawa,S.Tomate and H.Hashizum. Stability of Composite Ground Improved by Deep Mixing Method. Proc. Of 2nd international conference on ground Improvement Techniques.Singapore. 1998.
8.周国钧等.水泥系深层搅拌法及试验研究回顾[J].工业建筑,1994(9).
9. Saitoh S, Suzukil Y, Shieai K. Hardening of soil improved by deep mixing method[C].Proc.of the11thInt.Conf.SMFE.1985,1745~1748.
10. Bell F G. Cement stabilization and clay soils with examples[J]. Environmental and Engineering Geoscience,1995,1(2):139~151
11. Gotoh M. Study on soil properties affecting the strength of cement treated soils[C]. Proc.Conference.Tokyo,1996
12.黄新、周国钧等.水泥加固土硬化机理初探[J].岩土工程学报,1994(1).
13. SAITOH S, SUZUKI Y, SHIRAI K. Hardening of soil improved by deep mixing method[C]. Proc of 11th Int. conf. SMFE. 1985, 1745–1748.
14.黄新等.水泥含量对固化土结构形成的影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(4).
15.李俊才,赵泽三等.水泥土的微结构特征及分析[J].成都理工学院学报,2000(4).
16.马培贤.夯实水泥土的固化机理及微观结构分析[J].探矿工程,2005(增刊).
17.周国钧胡同安等.深层搅拌法加固软粘土技术[J].岩土工程学报, 1981,3(4).
18.周国钧等.水泥系深层搅拌法及试验研究回顾[J].工业建筑,1994(9).
19.周国钧,胡同安等.深层搅拌法加固软粘土技术[J].岩土工程学报,1981(4).
20.谭菊香,罗金生等.水泥土力学特性试验研究[J].建筑技术,2004(3).
21.梁仁旺,张明等.水泥土的力学性能试验研究[J].岩土力学,2001(2).
22.黄鹤,张俐等.水泥土材料力学性能的试验研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2000(6).
23.高亚成,郑建青等.水泥土的室内试验研究[J].河海大学学报,1999(5).
24.罗素芳等.深层搅拌法水泥土室内配合比试验与分析[J].水利水电技术,2006(5).
25.郝巨涛等.水泥土材料力学特性的探讨[J].岩土工程学报,1991(3).
26.叶观宝,叶书麟.水泥搅拌桩加固软基的试验研究[J].同济大学学报,1995(3).
27.潘有林.温州软土水泥土强度特性规律的室内试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5).
28.汤怡新,刘汉龙,朱伟.水泥固化土工程特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(5).
29.马海龙,费勤发.粉喷桩地基实验研究及设计方法[J].岩土力学,1995,16(3).
30. YOSHIO SURUKI. Deep Chemical Mixing Method Using Cement as Hardening Agent. Symposium on recent [C]. development in ground improvement technical, Bankok 29 No3. Dec,1982.
31.林琼.水泥搅拌桩复合地基试验研究[D].浙江大学学位论文,1989.
32.刘一林.水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形特性初探[C].复合地基,承德,1990.
33.刘焕存.夯实水泥土强度特性试验研究[J].岩土工程技术,1996(3).
34.刘焕存.夯实水泥土变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程技术,1997(1).
35.郭红梅,马培贤.夯实水泥土强度特性的试验研究[J] .勘察科学技术,2001(4).
36.李占强.夯实水泥土桩复合地基的试验研究及数值模拟[D].北京地质大学博士论文, 2005.
37.于英霞等.夯实水泥土强度影响因素的试验研究[J].煤炭工程,2009(3).
38.周国钧等.搅拌桩复合地基模型试验及三维有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,1989(5).
39.周国钧等.水泥系深层搅拌法及试验研究回顾[J].工业建筑,1994(9).
40.段继伟,龚晓南等.水泥搅拌桩的荷载传递规律[J].岩土工程学报,1994(4).
41.段继伟,龚晓南等.水泥搅拌桩桩土应力比试验研究[J].岩土工程师,1993(4).
42.段继伟.柔性群桩-承台-土共同作用的数值分析[J].浙江工业大学学报,1995(4).
43.叶观宝,叶书麟.水泥搅拌桩加固软基的试验研究[J].同济大学学报,1995(3).
44.秦建庆,叶观宝.水泥土桩复合地基桩土分担荷载的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2000(1).
45.秦建庆,叶观宝等. Mindlin解在水泥土桩复合地基变形计算中的应用[J].岩土工程技术,2000(1).
46.叶观宝,司明强.半刚性桩复合地基沉降实用计算方法的探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2001(4).
47.徐超,叶观宝等.水泥搅拌桩复合地基的变形与承载力[J].岩土工程学报,2005(5).
48.李志斌,叶观宝等.水泥搅拌桩复合地基桩土应力比的对比分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005(3).
49.徐超,叶观宝等.利用载荷试验研究水泥土搅拌桩的有效桩长[J].水文地质工程地质,2005(3).
50.张登科,袁聚云.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基承载力的试验研究[J].淮南工业学院学报,1999(1).
51.袁聚云,杨熙章.水泥土搅拌桩单桩及复合地基承载力的试验研究[J].大坝观测与土工测试,1998(3).
52.郑刚,姜忻良.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基承载力研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(3).
53.郑刚,顾晓鲁等.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基承载力辨析[J].岩土工程学报,2000(4).
54.郑刚,刘松玉.对水泥土桩承载力确定的几个问题的分析[J].东南大学学报,2001(5).
55.郑刚,王长祥,顾晓鲁.软土中超长水泥搅拌桩复合地基承载力研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002(6).
56.郑刚,刘松玉.水泥土搅拌桩荷载传递机理的研究[J].土木工程学报,2002(5).
57.马克生,梁仁旺等.水泥搅拌桩复合地基承载力的试验确定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15).
58.贺武斌,梁仁旺.关于半刚性桩复合地基若干问题的研究[J].水力学报,2003(5).
59.朱向荣,潘秋元等.深厚软土大型油罐搅拌桩复合地基试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,1997(5).
60.吴世明,张忠苗等.大型油罐搅拌基础的设计与试验效果分析[J].浙江大学学报(自然科学版),1998(5).
61.何开胜,袁文明.超长水泥土搅拌桩的承载能力和临界桩长[J].工业建筑,2000(1).
62.何开胜,陈宝勤.超长水泥土搅拌桩的承载能力和临界桩长[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(2).
63.何开胜.水泥土搅拌桩设计计算方法探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2003(1).
64.蒋玉明.超长水泥土搅拌桩复合地基原型观测[J].岩土工程界2002(10).
65.黄文峰.柔性桩复合地基沉降研究[J].水利水电技术,1999(5).
66.马海龙费勤发等.粉喷桩地基实验研究及设计方法[J].岩土力学,1995,16(3).
67.费勤发,马海龙等,桩长及水泥掺入量对柔性桩承载力等的影响[J],岩土力学,1997,18(1),
68.马海龙,陈云敏.水泥土桩长等对承载力及模量影响的定量分析[J].岩土工程学报,2003(6).
69.马海龙,陈云敏.水泥土群桩承载力特性的原位试验研究[J].浙江大学学报,2004(5).
70.马海龙.水泥土桩复合地基荷载传递及变形的原位试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2006(9).
71.费勤发,马海龙等.分层总和法在有承台单桩非线性分析中的应用-变形总和法[J].上海力学,1995(3).
72.费勤发,马海龙等.分层总和法在群桩非线性分析中的应用-变形总和法[J].上海力学,1997(1).
73.马海龙,费勤发.洪毓康.柔性桩荷载传递机理研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1997(3).
74.马海龙,陈云敏.水泥土桩桩土应力分担及曲线形式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006(增刊2).
75.宋修广等.水泥粉喷桩荷载传递规律的试验研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(4).
76.宋修广等.水泥粉喷桩复合地基桩土应力比的研究[J].华东公路,2000(3).
77.吴云东.垫层作用下水泥土桩承载特性分析[J].煤炭工程,2001(11).
78.闫明礼,腾延京,杨焕玲等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基的工程应用研究[J].建筑科学,1997,13(6).
79.郝永华.水泥土荷载传递特征的试验研究和理论分析[J].岩土工程技术,1997(3).
80.姜彬生,李宏义.夯实水泥土桩强度和变形性能[J].岩土工程技术,1998(4).
81.刘春源窦远明.夯实水泥土桩复合地基的变形特性[J].工程勘察,1998(3).
82.侯兆霞等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基工程实录及试验研究[J].土工基础,1998(2).
83.徐辉等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基承载和变形特性的试验研究[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报,2006(2).
84.王兵等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基承载特性研究[J].煤炭工程,2007(1).
85. Mindlin, R. D. Force at a Point in the Interior of a Semi-Infinite Solid[J], Physics, No. 7.
86. D‘Appolonia, E. and Romualdi, J. P. Load transfer in end-bearing Steel h-piles[J]. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Divisions, 1963(89), SM2.
87. Geddes J D. Stress in foundation soils due to vertical subsurface loading[J]. Getechnique 1966, 16 (3).
88. Mattes, N. S. Poulos, H. G. Settlement of Single Compressible Pile[J]. ASCE, 1969, 95(SM1).
89. Poulos, H. G. Davis, E. H. Pile Foundation Analysis and Design[M]. John Wiley and Sons, NewYork, 1980.
90. Seed H.B. Reese L.C. The action of soft clay along friction piles[J]. ACSE,1957 (122).
91. Coyle H M. Reese L C. Load transfer for axially loaded piles in clay[J]. Journal of the Soil Mechanics, ACSE, 1966 ,92 ( sm2 ).
92. Vesic A.S. Tests on instrumented piles Ogeechee River site[J]. Journal of the soil mechanics and foundations division(ASCE). 1970,96(SM2).
93. Vijayvergiya,V.N. Load-movement characteristics of piles[C]. 4th Symp.Waterway.Port.Coastal and Ocean Div. ASCE,Long Beach, CaIif., 1977,2.
94. Kraft L M. Ray R P. Kagawa T. Theoretical T -z curve[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 1981,107(GT1l).
95. 0'Nei11 M.W. Load Transfer Mechanisms in Piles and Pile Group[J], Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 1982,108(GT121).
96. Heydinger A.G 0'Nei11 M.W. Analysis of axial pile-soil interaction in clay[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analysis Method in Geomechanics,1986,10(4).
97.曹汉志.桩的轴向荷载传递及荷载～沉降曲线的数值计算方法[J].岩土工程学报,1986, 8(6).
98.罗惟德.单桩承载机理分析与载荷沉降曲线的理论推导[J].岩土工程学报,. 1990,12(1).
99.李作勤.摩擦桩的荷载传递及承载力的一些问题[J].岩土力学,1990,18(4).
100.袁建新.桩荷载与位移的数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学,1991,19(1).
101.潘时声.用分层积分法分析桩的荷载传递[J].建筑结构学报,1991,12(5).
102.陈龙珠,梁国钱,朱金颖.桩轴向荷载～沉降曲线的一种解析算法[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(6).
103.阳吉宝.单桩沉降计算的荷载传递法讨论[J].岩土工程技术,1998(4)
104. Cooke R.W. The settlement of friction piles foundations[C]. Proc. Conf. on Tall Buildings,Kuala Lumper,1974.
105. Randolph M F Worth C. P. Analysis of deformation of vertically loaded piles[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE,1978,104(GT12 ).
106. Randolph M F Worth C.P. An analysis of vertical deformation of pile groups Geotechnique,1979,29(4).
107. Chow Y K. Analysis of vertically loaded pile groups[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1986(10).
108. Nogami, T. Chen, H. L. Simplified approach for axial pile response analysis[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering , ASCE 1984 110(GT9).
109.陈竹昌,王建华.采用弹性理论分析搅拌桩性能的探讨[J].同济大学学报,1993(1).
110.钟岱辉,张晓杰.柔性桩与多层地基相互作用分析的传递矩阵法[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,1997(1).
111.刘利民,张建新.用位移协调法计算柔性桩的沉降[J].工业建筑,1997(3).
112.刘利民,程庆阳等.用位移协调法计算复合地基的沉降[J].土工基础,1997(1).
113.刘利民,杨春林等.柔性桩复合地基沉降的计算[J].港口工程,1997(1).
114.刘利民,程庆阳等.以沉降控制为标准的水泥搅拌桩设计方法的研究[J].工业建筑,1997(3).
115.郭忠贤等.夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递特性[J].岩土力学[J],2000,20(3),
116.刘杰,周利华.柔性单桩变形机理分析及沉降和承载力计算[J].株洲工学院学报,2002(4).
117. Giovanni Canetta. Roberto Nova. Anumerical method for the analysis of ground improved by columnar inclusions[J]. Computers and Geotechnics,1989,7(1).
118.章胜南.搅拌桩复合地基桩土应力比的探讨[J].地基处理,1995(2),
119.郑俊杰.水泥土桩复合地基桩土应力比的解析算法[J].岩土力学,2005,25(9).
120.秦然,陈征宇等.水泥土桩复合地基桩土应力比的一种解析算法[J].岩土力学,2001,21(1).
121.刘杰,张可能.刚性承台下柔性群桩和桩周土荷载传递规律研究[J].土木工程学报,2004(7).
122.刘杰,周德泉.柔性桩与地基相互作用非线性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004(12).
123.刘杰,张可能.柔性桩与土相互作用非线性分析的增量传递矩阵法[J].中国公路学报,2005(1).
124.潘林有.刚性承台水泥搅拌桩复合地基沉降估算理论研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002(8).
125.徐洋,谢康和等.考虑变形协调的刚性基础复合地基沉降计算[J].浙江大学学报,2003(5).
126.陈善雄,许锡昌,赵文光.柔性荷载下粉喷桩复合地基承载特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2).
127. Ekstrom J C. Bemtsson J A. Sallfors G B. Test fills of clays stabilized with cement columns[C],Proc. XⅢJCSMFE.New Delhi:1994.
128. M. Alamgir, N. Miura, H. B. Poorooshasb,et al. Deformation Analysis of soft Ground Columnar Inclusions Reinforced by Columnar Inclusion[J]. Computers and Geotechnics,1996,18(4).
129.杨涛.路堤荷载下柔性悬桩复合地基的沉降分析[J].岩土工程学报,2000(6).
130.李海芳,温晓贵等.路堤荷载下复合地基加固区压缩量的解析算法[J].土木工程学报,2005(3).
131.施建勇,邹坚.深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降计算理论的研究[J].岩土力学,2002,22(3).
132.邱钰,钱国超.粉喷桩处理高速公路软土地基地基内附加应力及沉降计算分析[J].公路交通科技,2001(1).
133.刘吉福.路堤下复合地基桩、土应力比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003(4).
134.李宁.复合地基中褥垫作用机理研究[J].岩土力学,2001,21(1).
135.李宁.褥垫层对复合地基承载机理的影响[J].土木工程学报,2001(2).
136.朱世哲,徐日庆等.带垫层刚性桩复合地基桩土应力比的计算与分析[J].岩土力学,2004(5).
137.池跃君,沈伟等.刚性桩复合地基桩土相互作用的解析法[J].岩土力学,2002(5).
138.沈伟,池跃君等.考虑桩、土、垫层协同作用的刚性桩复合地基沉降计算方法[J].工程力学,2003(2).
139.梁云发,李鏡培.刚性承台下垫层-桩-土相互作用的近似解析法[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006(3).
140.周建民等.深层搅拌桩复合地基的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,1997(2).
141.刘和元,刘松玉等.超长水泥土搅拌桩复合地基性状研究[J].东南大学学报,1999(2).
142.宋修广,郭宗杰等.粉喷桩复合地基的数值计算分析[J].岩土力学,2002(4).
143.陆贻杰,周国钧等.搅拌桩复合地基模型试验及三维有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,1989(5).
144.郑刚,姜忻良.水泥搅拌桩有限-无穷元耦合元分析[J].天津大学学报,2001(5).
145.朱云升,胡幼常等.柔性基础复合地基力学性状的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2003(3).
146.冯瑞玲等.柔性基础下复合地基的数值分析[J].中国公路学报,2003(1).
147.曾庆军等.大面积荷载下超长水泥土搅拌桩承载性状的有限元分析[J]中国港湾建设,2006(2).
148.龚晓南.复合地基[M],浙江大学出版社,1992.
149.黄自彬,陈嘉寿,尹维云等.深层搅拌单桩多点位移测试资料分析[C].城市改造中岩土工程问题学术讨论会论文集.杭州:浙江大学, 1990.
150.林彤.粉喷桩加固软基的试验研究[J].岩土力学, 2000, 21(2).
151.郝永华.水泥土桩荷载传递特性的试验和理论分析[J].岩土工程技术, 1997 (3).
152.郭忠贤,杨志红,宋杰等.夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递特性[J].岩土力学, 2000, 21(3).
153.何开胜.水泥土搅拌桩的施工质量问题和解决方法[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6).
154.郭忠贤,杨志红,王占雷.夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递规律的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(11).
155.中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.建筑地基处理技术规范(JGJ79–2002)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
156.林宗元.岩土工程试验监测手册[M],辽宁沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2005.
157.张振拴,赵庆建.河北省岩土工程新进展[C].岩土工程技术及进展.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
158.化建新,董长和等. CFG桩垫层效应研究[J].岩土工程技术,1998(1).
159.金宗川,顾源兴等.垫层作用下石灰桩复合地基工作性状[J].岩土工程学报,1998(2).
160.李宁等.复合地基中褥垫作用机理研究[J].岩土力学,2001(1).
161.李宁等.褥垫层对复合地基承载机理的影响[J].土木工程学报,2001(2).
162.华南理工大学等合编.地基基础[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998.
163.王明山.复合地基桩土承载力发挥系数的研究[D].中国建筑科学研究院博士论文,2005.
164.闫明礼,吴春林,杨军.水泥粉煤灰碎石桩复合地基试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(2) .
165.池跃君,宋二祥,金淮等.素混凝土桩复合地基荷载传递机理[J].工业建筑,2000,31(4).
166.赵占山.刚性桩复合地基竖向承载性状的试验研究[D].河北工业大学硕士论文,2002.
167.刘金砺.桩基础设计与计算[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990.
168.陈善雄.柔性荷载下粉喷桩复合地基变形特性试验研究[J].华中科技大学学报,2007,35(5).
169.郑伟.柔性基础下复合地基荷载传递机理及变形特性研究[D].浙江大学硕士论文,2006.
170.陈洪.不同刚度基础下复合地基沉降变形性状研究[J].工业建筑,2003,33(11).
171. M. Alamgir,N. Miura,H. B. Poorooshasb,et al. Deformation Analysis of Soft Ground Columnar Inclusions Reinforced by Columnar Inclusions[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 1996,18(4).
172.黄根生.薄层褥垫刚性桩复合地基的研究[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增刊).
173.钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996.
174.宰金珉,宰金璋.高层建筑基础分析与设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994.
175.《桩基工程手册》编写委员会.桩基工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995.
176.秦建庆等.水泥土桩复合地基桩土分担荷载的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2000,(1).
177.杨涛.路堤荷载下柔性悬桩复合地基的沉降分析[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6).
178.施建勇.深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降计算理论研究[J].岩土力学,2002,23(3).
179.李海芳.路堤荷载下复合地基加固区压缩量的解析算法[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(3).
180. H. B. Poorooshasb M.Alamgir. Negative Skin Friction on Rigid and Deformable Piles[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1996, 18(2).
181.李静文.联合应用和解求桩土复合地基中的应力及其沉降[J].地基处理,1993,4(4).
182.杨志红,郭忠贤等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基载荷试验曲线拟合方法的研究[D].河北省建筑科学院,石家庄铁道学院,2005.
183.李镜培,舒翔.竖向承载桩的模糊随机可靠度计算方法[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6).
184.何军,赵彤.深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力可靠性研究[J].岩土力学,2000,21(4).
185.肖溟,龚晓南,黄广龙.深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力的可靠性分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2000,34(4).
186.白顺果,刘玉春,冯玉娟.夯实水泥土桩复合地基承载力的可靠性分析[J].河北农业大学学报,2004,27(5).
187.王光远.工程软设计理论[M],北京:科学出版社,1992.
188.中华人民共和国国家标准.建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准(GB50068-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
2.龚晓南.地基处理技术发展与展望[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,知识产权出版社,2004.
3.上海市建设委员会沪建(97)第0372号文.关于粉喷桩及深层搅拌桩在建筑工程地基处理中应用问题的通知[z].
4.盐城市建设委员会盐建字(99)第238号文.印发“提高全市住宅工程质量的暂行规定”的通知[z].
5.闫明礼等.《夯实水泥土桩复合地基试验研究》研究报告[D],中国建筑科学研究院,河北建筑科学研究院,1995,11.
6.龚晓南.复合地基设计和施工指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
7. N.Horii,Y.Toyosawa,S.Tomate and H.Hashizum. Stability of Composite Ground Improved by Deep Mixing Method. Proc. Of 2nd international conference on ground Improvement Techniques.Singapore. 1998.
8.周国钧等.水泥系深层搅拌法及试验研究回顾[J].工业建筑,1994(9).
9. Saitoh S, Suzukil Y, Shieai K. Hardening of soil improved by deep mixing method[C].Proc.of the11thInt.Conf.SMFE.1985,1745~1748.
10. Bell F G. Cement stabilization and clay soils with examples[J]. Environmental and Engineering Geoscience,1995,1(2):139~151
11. Gotoh M. Study on soil properties affecting the strength of cement treated soils[C]. Proc.Conference.Tokyo,1996
12.黄新、周国钧等.水泥加固土硬化机理初探[J].岩土工程学报,1994(1).
13. SAITOH S, SUZUKI Y, SHIRAI K. Hardening of soil improved by deep mixing method[C]. Proc of 11th Int. conf. SMFE. 1985, 1745–1748.
14.黄新等.水泥含量对固化土结构形成的影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(4).
15.李俊才,赵泽三等.水泥土的微结构特征及分析[J].成都理工学院学报,2000(4).
16.马培贤.夯实水泥土的固化机理及微观结构分析[J].探矿工程,2005(增刊).
17.周国钧胡同安等.深层搅拌法加固软粘土技术[J].岩土工程学报, 1981,3(4).
18.周国钧等.水泥系深层搅拌法及试验研究回顾[J].工业建筑,1994(9).
19.周国钧,胡同安等.深层搅拌法加固软粘土技术[J].岩土工程学报,1981(4).
20.谭菊香,罗金生等.水泥土力学特性试验研究[J].建筑技术,2004(3).
21.梁仁旺,张明等.水泥土的力学性能试验研究[J].岩土力学,2001(2).
22.黄鹤,张俐等.水泥土材料力学性能的试验研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2000(6).
23.高亚成,郑建青等.水泥土的室内试验研究[J].河海大学学报,1999(5).
24.罗素芳等.深层搅拌法水泥土室内配合比试验与分析[J].水利水电技术,2006(5).
25.郝巨涛等.水泥土材料力学特性的探讨[J].岩土工程学报,1991(3).
26.叶观宝,叶书麟.水泥搅拌桩加固软基的试验研究[J].同济大学学报,1995(3).
27.潘有林.温州软土水泥土强度特性规律的室内试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5).
28.汤怡新,刘汉龙,朱伟.水泥固化土工程特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(5).
29.马海龙,费勤发.粉喷桩地基实验研究及设计方法[J].岩土力学,1995,16(3).
30. YOSHIO SURUKI. Deep Chemical Mixing Method Using Cement as Hardening Agent. Symposium on recent [C]. development in ground improvement technical, Bankok 29 No3. Dec,1982.
31.林琼.水泥搅拌桩复合地基试验研究[D].浙江大学学位论文,1989.
32.刘一林.水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形特性初探[C].复合地基,承德,1990.
33.刘焕存.夯实水泥土强度特性试验研究[J].岩土工程技术,1996(3).
34.刘焕存.夯实水泥土变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程技术,1997(1).
35.郭红梅,马培贤.夯实水泥土强度特性的试验研究[J] .勘察科学技术,2001(4).
36.李占强.夯实水泥土桩复合地基的试验研究及数值模拟[D].北京地质大学博士论文, 2005.
37.于英霞等.夯实水泥土强度影响因素的试验研究[J].煤炭工程,2009(3).
38.周国钧等.搅拌桩复合地基模型试验及三维有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,1989(5).
39.周国钧等.水泥系深层搅拌法及试验研究回顾[J].工业建筑,1994(9).
40.段继伟,龚晓南等.水泥搅拌桩的荷载传递规律[J].岩土工程学报,1994(4).
41.段继伟,龚晓南等.水泥搅拌桩桩土应力比试验研究[J].岩土工程师,1993(4).
42.段继伟.柔性群桩-承台-土共同作用的数值分析[J].浙江工业大学学报,1995(4).
43.叶观宝,叶书麟.水泥搅拌桩加固软基的试验研究[J].同济大学学报,1995(3).
44.秦建庆,叶观宝.水泥土桩复合地基桩土分担荷载的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2000(1).
45.秦建庆,叶观宝等. Mindlin解在水泥土桩复合地基变形计算中的应用[J].岩土工程技术,2000(1).
46.叶观宝,司明强.半刚性桩复合地基沉降实用计算方法的探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2001(4).
47.徐超,叶观宝等.水泥搅拌桩复合地基的变形与承载力[J].岩土工程学报,2005(5).
48.李志斌,叶观宝等.水泥搅拌桩复合地基桩土应力比的对比分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005(3).
49.徐超,叶观宝等.利用载荷试验研究水泥土搅拌桩的有效桩长[J].水文地质工程地质,2005(3).
50.张登科,袁聚云.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基承载力的试验研究[J].淮南工业学院学报,1999(1).
51.袁聚云,杨熙章.水泥土搅拌桩单桩及复合地基承载力的试验研究[J].大坝观测与土工测试,1998(3).
52.郑刚,姜忻良.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基承载力研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(3).
53.郑刚,顾晓鲁等.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基承载力辨析[J].岩土工程学报,2000(4).
54.郑刚,刘松玉.对水泥土桩承载力确定的几个问题的分析[J].东南大学学报,2001(5).
55.郑刚,王长祥,顾晓鲁.软土中超长水泥搅拌桩复合地基承载力研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002(6).
56.郑刚,刘松玉.水泥土搅拌桩荷载传递机理的研究[J].土木工程学报,2002(5).
57.马克生,梁仁旺等.水泥搅拌桩复合地基承载力的试验确定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15).
58.贺武斌,梁仁旺.关于半刚性桩复合地基若干问题的研究[J].水力学报,2003(5).
59.朱向荣,潘秋元等.深厚软土大型油罐搅拌桩复合地基试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,1997(5).
60.吴世明,张忠苗等.大型油罐搅拌基础的设计与试验效果分析[J].浙江大学学报(自然科学版),1998(5).
61.何开胜,袁文明.超长水泥土搅拌桩的承载能力和临界桩长[J].工业建筑,2000(1).
62.何开胜,陈宝勤.超长水泥土搅拌桩的承载能力和临界桩长[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(2).
63.何开胜.水泥土搅拌桩设计计算方法探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2003(1).
64.蒋玉明.超长水泥土搅拌桩复合地基原型观测[J].岩土工程界2002(10).
65.黄文峰.柔性桩复合地基沉降研究[J].水利水电技术,1999(5).
66.马海龙费勤发等.粉喷桩地基实验研究及设计方法[J].岩土力学,1995,16(3).
67.费勤发,马海龙等,桩长及水泥掺入量对柔性桩承载力等的影响[J],岩土力学,1997,18(1),
68.马海龙,陈云敏.水泥土桩长等对承载力及模量影响的定量分析[J].岩土工程学报,2003(6).
69.马海龙,陈云敏.水泥土群桩承载力特性的原位试验研究[J].浙江大学学报,2004(5).
70.马海龙.水泥土桩复合地基荷载传递及变形的原位试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2006(9).
71.费勤发,马海龙等.分层总和法在有承台单桩非线性分析中的应用-变形总和法[J].上海力学,1995(3).
72.费勤发,马海龙等.分层总和法在群桩非线性分析中的应用-变形总和法[J].上海力学,1997(1).
73.马海龙,费勤发.洪毓康.柔性桩荷载传递机理研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1997(3).
74.马海龙,陈云敏.水泥土桩桩土应力分担及曲线形式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006(增刊2).
75.宋修广等.水泥粉喷桩荷载传递规律的试验研究[J].岩土力学,1999,20(4).
76.宋修广等.水泥粉喷桩复合地基桩土应力比的研究[J].华东公路,2000(3).
77.吴云东.垫层作用下水泥土桩承载特性分析[J].煤炭工程,2001(11).
78.闫明礼,腾延京,杨焕玲等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基的工程应用研究[J].建筑科学,1997,13(6).
79.郝永华.水泥土荷载传递特征的试验研究和理论分析[J].岩土工程技术,1997(3).
80.姜彬生,李宏义.夯实水泥土桩强度和变形性能[J].岩土工程技术,1998(4).
81.刘春源窦远明.夯实水泥土桩复合地基的变形特性[J].工程勘察,1998(3).
82.侯兆霞等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基工程实录及试验研究[J].土工基础,1998(2).
83.徐辉等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基承载和变形特性的试验研究[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报,2006(2).
84.王兵等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基承载特性研究[J].煤炭工程,2007(1).
85. Mindlin, R. D. Force at a Point in the Interior of a Semi-Infinite Solid[J], Physics, No. 7.
86. D‘Appolonia, E. and Romualdi, J. P. Load transfer in end-bearing Steel h-piles[J]. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Divisions, 1963(89), SM2.
87. Geddes J D. Stress in foundation soils due to vertical subsurface loading[J]. Getechnique 1966, 16 (3).
88. Mattes, N. S. Poulos, H. G. Settlement of Single Compressible Pile[J]. ASCE, 1969, 95(SM1).
89. Poulos, H. G. Davis, E. H. Pile Foundation Analysis and Design[M]. John Wiley and Sons, NewYork, 1980.
90. Seed H.B. Reese L.C. The action of soft clay along friction piles[J]. ACSE,1957 (122).
91. Coyle H M. Reese L C. Load transfer for axially loaded piles in clay[J]. Journal of the Soil Mechanics, ACSE, 1966 ,92 ( sm2 ).
92. Vesic A.S. Tests on instrumented piles Ogeechee River site[J]. Journal of the soil mechanics and foundations division(ASCE). 1970,96(SM2).
93. Vijayvergiya,V.N. Load-movement characteristics of piles[C]. 4th Symp.Waterway.Port.Coastal and Ocean Div. ASCE,Long Beach, CaIif., 1977,2.
94. Kraft L M. Ray R P. Kagawa T. Theoretical T -z curve[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 1981,107(GT1l).
95. 0'Nei11 M.W. Load Transfer Mechanisms in Piles and Pile Group[J], Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 1982,108(GT121).
96. Heydinger A.G 0'Nei11 M.W. Analysis of axial pile-soil interaction in clay[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analysis Method in Geomechanics,1986,10(4).
97.曹汉志.桩的轴向荷载传递及荷载～沉降曲线的数值计算方法[J].岩土工程学报,1986, 8(6).
98.罗惟德.单桩承载机理分析与载荷沉降曲线的理论推导[J].岩土工程学报,. 1990,12(1).
99.李作勤.摩擦桩的荷载传递及承载力的一些问题[J].岩土力学,1990,18(4).
100.袁建新.桩荷载与位移的数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学,1991,19(1).
101.潘时声.用分层积分法分析桩的荷载传递[J].建筑结构学报,1991,12(5).
102.陈龙珠,梁国钱,朱金颖.桩轴向荷载～沉降曲线的一种解析算法[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(6).
103.阳吉宝.单桩沉降计算的荷载传递法讨论[J].岩土工程技术,1998(4)
104. Cooke R.W. The settlement of friction piles foundations[C]. Proc. Conf. on Tall Buildings,Kuala Lumper,1974.
105. Randolph M F Worth C. P. Analysis of deformation of vertically loaded piles[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE,1978,104(GT12 ).
106. Randolph M F Worth C.P. An analysis of vertical deformation of pile groups Geotechnique,1979,29(4).
107. Chow Y K. Analysis of vertically loaded pile groups[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1986(10).
108. Nogami, T. Chen, H. L. Simplified approach for axial pile response analysis[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering , ASCE 1984 110(GT9).
109.陈竹昌,王建华.采用弹性理论分析搅拌桩性能的探讨[J].同济大学学报,1993(1).
110.钟岱辉,张晓杰.柔性桩与多层地基相互作用分析的传递矩阵法[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,1997(1).
111.刘利民,张建新.用位移协调法计算柔性桩的沉降[J].工业建筑,1997(3).
112.刘利民,程庆阳等.用位移协调法计算复合地基的沉降[J].土工基础,1997(1).
113.刘利民,杨春林等.柔性桩复合地基沉降的计算[J].港口工程,1997(1).
114.刘利民,程庆阳等.以沉降控制为标准的水泥搅拌桩设计方法的研究[J].工业建筑,1997(3).
115.郭忠贤等.夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递特性[J].岩土力学[J],2000,20(3),
116.刘杰,周利华.柔性单桩变形机理分析及沉降和承载力计算[J].株洲工学院学报,2002(4).
117. Giovanni Canetta. Roberto Nova. Anumerical method for the analysis of ground improved by columnar inclusions[J]. Computers and Geotechnics,1989,7(1).
118.章胜南.搅拌桩复合地基桩土应力比的探讨[J].地基处理,1995(2),
119.郑俊杰.水泥土桩复合地基桩土应力比的解析算法[J].岩土力学,2005,25(9).
120.秦然,陈征宇等.水泥土桩复合地基桩土应力比的一种解析算法[J].岩土力学,2001,21(1).
121.刘杰,张可能.刚性承台下柔性群桩和桩周土荷载传递规律研究[J].土木工程学报,2004(7).
122.刘杰,周德泉.柔性桩与地基相互作用非线性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004(12).
123.刘杰,张可能.柔性桩与土相互作用非线性分析的增量传递矩阵法[J].中国公路学报,2005(1).
124.潘林有.刚性承台水泥搅拌桩复合地基沉降估算理论研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002(8).
125.徐洋,谢康和等.考虑变形协调的刚性基础复合地基沉降计算[J].浙江大学学报,2003(5).
126.陈善雄,许锡昌,赵文光.柔性荷载下粉喷桩复合地基承载特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2).
127. Ekstrom J C. Bemtsson J A. Sallfors G B. Test fills of clays stabilized with cement columns[C],Proc. XⅢJCSMFE.New Delhi:1994.
128. M. Alamgir, N. Miura, H. B. Poorooshasb,et al. Deformation Analysis of soft Ground Columnar Inclusions Reinforced by Columnar Inclusion[J]. Computers and Geotechnics,1996,18(4).
129.杨涛.路堤荷载下柔性悬桩复合地基的沉降分析[J].岩土工程学报,2000(6).
130.李海芳,温晓贵等.路堤荷载下复合地基加固区压缩量的解析算法[J].土木工程学报,2005(3).
131.施建勇,邹坚.深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降计算理论的研究[J].岩土力学,2002,22(3).
132.邱钰,钱国超.粉喷桩处理高速公路软土地基地基内附加应力及沉降计算分析[J].公路交通科技,2001(1).
133.刘吉福.路堤下复合地基桩、土应力比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003(4).
134.李宁.复合地基中褥垫作用机理研究[J].岩土力学,2001,21(1).
135.李宁.褥垫层对复合地基承载机理的影响[J].土木工程学报,2001(2).
136.朱世哲,徐日庆等.带垫层刚性桩复合地基桩土应力比的计算与分析[J].岩土力学,2004(5).
137.池跃君,沈伟等.刚性桩复合地基桩土相互作用的解析法[J].岩土力学,2002(5).
138.沈伟,池跃君等.考虑桩、土、垫层协同作用的刚性桩复合地基沉降计算方法[J].工程力学,2003(2).
139.梁云发,李鏡培.刚性承台下垫层-桩-土相互作用的近似解析法[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006(3).
140.周建民等.深层搅拌桩复合地基的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,1997(2).
141.刘和元,刘松玉等.超长水泥土搅拌桩复合地基性状研究[J].东南大学学报,1999(2).
142.宋修广,郭宗杰等.粉喷桩复合地基的数值计算分析[J].岩土力学,2002(4).
143.陆贻杰,周国钧等.搅拌桩复合地基模型试验及三维有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,1989(5).
144.郑刚,姜忻良.水泥搅拌桩有限-无穷元耦合元分析[J].天津大学学报,2001(5).
145.朱云升,胡幼常等.柔性基础复合地基力学性状的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2003(3).
146.冯瑞玲等.柔性基础下复合地基的数值分析[J].中国公路学报,2003(1).
147.曾庆军等.大面积荷载下超长水泥土搅拌桩承载性状的有限元分析[J]中国港湾建设,2006(2).
148.龚晓南.复合地基[M],浙江大学出版社,1992.
149.黄自彬,陈嘉寿,尹维云等.深层搅拌单桩多点位移测试资料分析[C].城市改造中岩土工程问题学术讨论会论文集.杭州:浙江大学, 1990.
150.林彤.粉喷桩加固软基的试验研究[J].岩土力学, 2000, 21(2).
151.郝永华.水泥土桩荷载传递特性的试验和理论分析[J].岩土工程技术, 1997 (3).
152.郭忠贤,杨志红,宋杰等.夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递特性[J].岩土力学, 2000, 21(3).
153.何开胜.水泥土搅拌桩的施工质量问题和解决方法[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6).
154.郭忠贤,杨志红,王占雷.夯实水泥土桩的荷载传递规律的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(11).
155.中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.建筑地基处理技术规范(JGJ79–2002)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
156.林宗元.岩土工程试验监测手册[M],辽宁沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2005.
157.张振拴,赵庆建.河北省岩土工程新进展[C].岩土工程技术及进展.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
158.化建新,董长和等. CFG桩垫层效应研究[J].岩土工程技术,1998(1).
159.金宗川,顾源兴等.垫层作用下石灰桩复合地基工作性状[J].岩土工程学报,1998(2).
160.李宁等.复合地基中褥垫作用机理研究[J].岩土力学,2001(1).
161.李宁等.褥垫层对复合地基承载机理的影响[J].土木工程学报,2001(2).
162.华南理工大学等合编.地基基础[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998.
163.王明山.复合地基桩土承载力发挥系数的研究[D].中国建筑科学研究院博士论文,2005.
164.闫明礼,吴春林,杨军.水泥粉煤灰碎石桩复合地基试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(2) .
165.池跃君,宋二祥,金淮等.素混凝土桩复合地基荷载传递机理[J].工业建筑,2000,31(4).
166.赵占山.刚性桩复合地基竖向承载性状的试验研究[D].河北工业大学硕士论文,2002.
167.刘金砺.桩基础设计与计算[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990.
168.陈善雄.柔性荷载下粉喷桩复合地基变形特性试验研究[J].华中科技大学学报,2007,35(5).
169.郑伟.柔性基础下复合地基荷载传递机理及变形特性研究[D].浙江大学硕士论文,2006.
170.陈洪.不同刚度基础下复合地基沉降变形性状研究[J].工业建筑,2003,33(11).
171. M. Alamgir,N. Miura,H. B. Poorooshasb,et al. Deformation Analysis of Soft Ground Columnar Inclusions Reinforced by Columnar Inclusions[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 1996,18(4).
172.黄根生.薄层褥垫刚性桩复合地基的研究[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增刊).
173.钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996.
174.宰金珉,宰金璋.高层建筑基础分析与设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994.
175.《桩基工程手册》编写委员会.桩基工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995.
176.秦建庆等.水泥土桩复合地基桩土分担荷载的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2000,(1).
177.杨涛.路堤荷载下柔性悬桩复合地基的沉降分析[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6).
178.施建勇.深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降计算理论研究[J].岩土力学,2002,23(3).
179.李海芳.路堤荷载下复合地基加固区压缩量的解析算法[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(3).
180. H. B. Poorooshasb M.Alamgir. Negative Skin Friction on Rigid and Deformable Piles[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1996, 18(2).
181.李静文.联合应用和解求桩土复合地基中的应力及其沉降[J].地基处理,1993,4(4).
182.杨志红,郭忠贤等.夯实水泥土桩复合地基载荷试验曲线拟合方法的研究[D].河北省建筑科学院,石家庄铁道学院,2005.
183.李镜培,舒翔.竖向承载桩的模糊随机可靠度计算方法[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6).
184.何军,赵彤.深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力可靠性研究[J].岩土力学,2000,21(4).
185.肖溟,龚晓南,黄广龙.深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力的可靠性分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2000,34(4).
186.白顺果,刘玉春,冯玉娟.夯实水泥土桩复合地基承载力的可靠性分析[J].河北农业大学学报,2004,27(5).
187.王光远.工程软设计理论[M],北京:科学出版社,1992.
188.中华人民共和国国家标准.建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准(GB50068-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.