天津市普通高校跆拳道开展现状调查研究
摘要
从近几年全国高校和天津市高校大学生跆拳道比赛看,其竞赛项目体系日益完善、规模逐渐扩大、进一步规范了晋级升段考核的资格认定制度;加强了对跆拳道老师的培养和提高,逐步树立起了高校跆拳道的发展标准,促使高校跆拳道朝着全面而规范的方向发展,激励着教师自身不断成长和专业业务能力的学习;除此之外,高校之间,为提高训练水平和交流经验,学生社团组织的校际间跆拳道活动也逐渐开展起来。因此、要通过现状看未来,确立发展方向,明确发展目标,可为教育决策部门和体育主管部门制定有关政策和机制提供一定的参考依据。
作为2012年全国大学生运动会新设立的竞赛项目,会给高校跆拳道的发展带来什么样的机遇,通过与有关专家和大学生跆拳道协会负责人的座谈,了解主管部门关于发展高校跆拳道的基本思路和方向,同时要掌握高校自身特点、学生的需求性、从多个角度观察、为适应高校跆拳道的发展需要和提高跆拳道运动水平,提出发展天津市普通高校跆拳道的意见;力图理清高校跆拳道自身发展的内在联系,对促进跆拳道在高校的后续发展具有前瞻性。
本文以天津市普通高校的主要领导、中国大学生体育协会跆拳道分会的领导、普通高校的教师、学生为主要对象进行了座谈和交流。运用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法对天津市18所普通高校(不包括体育专业院校)的在籍大学生1440名、体育部主任18名、体育教师100名(包括所有跆拳道教师)进行问卷调查,以此掌握天津高校体育主管领导的重视程度,开展跆拳道的高校数量,开展跆拳道的组织形式,场馆建设和师资水平,校内发展跆拳道的基本环境,大学生练习跆拳道的动机,目的和满意程度,训练时间,器材设施,社团交流活动,发展意见以及影响天津市高校跆拳道的主要因素进行了调查整理与分析,得出了以下结论和建议:
结论:
天津市普通高校跆拳道开展情况良好,受到培训机制和发展机制的制约,开展的层次和规模不理想,高校领导重视程度不高,场馆设施相对不足,多种开展形式难以协调统一;在教师方面,以青年教师为主,具有高学历的教师偏少、专业教师人数比例较低且教龄较短、教学经验不足,没有使用统一教材;在学生方面,学生喜爱跆拳道的程度较高,男生多于女生,练习者以低年级的学生为主,对于教师的教学满意程度较高;在内容选择上尤其是对跆拳道的精神内涵和健体防卫的练习动机较为积极,想参加比赛的学员只占少数,而以广交道友,切磋技艺和交流练习感受为主要目的校际交流活动特别能受到大学生的青睐。
发展建议:
天津市普通高校应牢固树立“健康第一”的指导思想,特别是学校领导要转变教育思想观念,提高认识,全面推进校园体育文化建设和体育教育工作,重视和支持新兴项目的发展。
天津市教育行政教育部门和天津市大学生体育协会跆拳道分会,应着眼于世界范围内跆拳道项目改革的新形势,紧跟时代发展要求,改变传统观念和思想,根据项目特点和趋势,不断调整和制定跆拳道发展的基本方向和目标,设立较为合理的竞赛项目体系,加强赛制创新,以适应发展需要。
天津市普通高校中跆拳道专业教师还较少,大多数是学历水平以本科为主的青年人,教师缺乏教学经验,应定期组织跆拳道教师的培训和学习,提高跆拳道教师的整体业务能力和科研水平,建立必要的教师培训机制。
高校可选用合理化跆拳道教材,使教材的内容符合大学生心理个性和练习需要,通过教材的使用,可以有效提高教学的规范性和严谨性,提高课程建设水平。
跆拳道作为一门体育课程,普通高校在满足部分大学生课程需要的前提下,应加强业余运动队、协会或俱乐部等其它形式的跆拳道教学活动,把跆拳道作为丰富课余活动的一种方式。同时,应该不断加强场馆等硬件设施条件的建设力度,改善教学环境,缓解当前体育场馆、设施、器材短缺的局面。
高校不仅要不断挖掘跆拳道的体育价值,更要提倡跆拳道的精神和文化内涵,把跆拳道作为培养高素质人才的重要方式。高校跆拳道除基本教学外,可以利用运动会、讲座、社团活动,为提高学生的综合素质搭建历练的平台。
普通高校体育部门要推动一个项目的发展,必须有良好的人群基础,可以利用校内的各种机会,通过各种表演活动,定期开设跆拳道的知识讲座,也可以通过联合其它社团搞宣传等工作,利用网络、媒介等方式,全方面普及跆拳道的知识,提高跆拳道的影响力,在普通高校中营造文明健康的文化氛围,使跆拳道有益成分深入人心,促进跆拳道运动健康积极的发展。
In recent years, the taekwondo competitions of undergraduates from nationwide colleges and colleges of Tianjin saw improvement in their competition item system, enlargement of scale and standardization in accessing the qualification of rising in rank. And also, progress are seen in the training of taekwondo teachers, gradually building up the standard of the development of taekwondo in colleges, inspiring the teachers to enhance one’s skills and improve one’s teaching ability. Besides, to improve practical abilities and to swap experiences, taekwondo activities among colleges are widely held by students’organizations. Hence, we should ground on current situations to plan for future, establish the direction of the development of taekwondo and clear development goals, and provide references for the education decision-making departments and sports authorities to make policies and regimes related.
Being a newly established competition item in 2012 National University Games, we are eager to know what can be seen in the future development of taekwondo in colleges. Discussions with experts and the person in charge of University Taekwondo Association help understand the basic idea and direction of the Authorities in developing taekwondo in universities, meanwhile, on the ground of grasping the own characters of the college and the demand of the students, observing from multi-angle, propose suggestions in the development of taekwondo in universities in Tianjin, in an attempt to find out the internal relations of the development of taekwondo in universities, trying to be forward-looking in stimulating the follow-up development.
This article is based on the discussion with the major leadership in Tianjin universities, the leaders of the Taekwondo branch of China University Sports Association and teachers and students in universities. Using questionnaires, documents and materials, comparative analysis and mathematical statistics to research on 1440 undergraduates, 18 sports directors and 100 sports teachers(including all the Taekwondo teachers) from 18 universities and colleges in Tianjin(not including sports professional institutions), on this ground to survey, arrange and analysis the emphasis by executive leaderships in Tianjin universities on taekwondo, quantities of universities carrying out taekwondo sports, organizations of the sport, venue construction and teacher qualifications, basic environment in which developing the sport, motivations, purpose and satisfaction of the students learning taekwondo, training time, equipment and facilities, community exchange activities, development suggestions and main factors that affecting the development of the sport. Conclusions and suggestions are as follows:
Conclusions:
The spots of taekwondo are finely carried out in universities in Tianjin, but the level and scale are not ideal. There are not enough emphasis by leaderships, the venues are inadequate, varies of activities are hard to harmonize; yang teachers take a large proportion, less highly educated teachers and professional teachers, teachers are mostly short in teaching age and adequate in teaching experiences, no unified teaching materials are used; the students have high interests in the sport, boys more than girls, junior take a large proportion of the practitioners, and are mostly satisfied; the spirits of taekwondo and exercise and defensive function of the sport are favored by the students, practitioners wants to make friends, discuss techniques and communicate and exercise rather than take part in the competition.
Suggestions:
Universities in Tianjin should guide by the thought of’Health First’, and the leaderships in universities are especially need to change the teach concept, deepen the understanding, comprehensively promoting the work of building sports culture and sports teaching, put emphasis on the development of the new project.
The Executive Education Department of Tianjin and the NCAA Taekwondo branch in Tianjin should focus on the situation of a worldwide reform in taekwondo, following the demand of the time, transform traditional concepts and thoughts, based on the character of the sport and developing tendency, constantly adjust and draft the basic direction and target of the development of taekwondo, establish reasonable contest system, innovate in competition system, to adapt to the development needs.
There are still less professions in taekwondo teams in Tianjin universities, most teachers are young teachers with bachelor degree who are less in teaching experiences. Thus, to establish a teacher training system, regular training and studies for taekwondo teachers are necessary, in order to improve the overall operational capacity and scientific research ability of the teachers.
Unified teaching materials should be used in universities. The teaching material should agree with the psychology and character of undergraduates as well as their needs for practicing the sport. Using the unified teaching material helps improve the specification and rigor of taekwondo teaching, increase the level of teaching.
On the premise of satisfying the course needs, universities should increase the teaching activities such as amateur sports teams, associations and clubs to develop taekwondo as a part-time activity. Meanwhile, construct venues and such hardware facilities; improve the environment of teaching, ease the situation of the shortage of venues, facilities and equipments.
Universities should uncover the sports value of taekwondo as well as its spirit and culture, seeing taekwondo as an important way to fertilize high-quality personnel. Except for basic teaching, universities can use games, lectures and community activities as a platform to increase overall quality of students. Meanwhile, try to create an atmosphere of taekwondo culture, promoting the positive sides of taekwondo popular among students.
To promote the development of a program, sport department of universities need a ground population base. All means could be used, such as performances, regular lectures of taekwondo knowledge, propaganda joint with other communities, by the means of internet and mediums, popularize taekwondo knowledge in all aspects, increase the influence of the sport, create an civilized and healthy culture atmosphere, stimulating taekwondo develop healthily and positively.
作为2012年全国大学生运动会新设立的竞赛项目,会给高校跆拳道的发展带来什么样的机遇,通过与有关专家和大学生跆拳道协会负责人的座谈,了解主管部门关于发展高校跆拳道的基本思路和方向,同时要掌握高校自身特点、学生的需求性、从多个角度观察、为适应高校跆拳道的发展需要和提高跆拳道运动水平,提出发展天津市普通高校跆拳道的意见;力图理清高校跆拳道自身发展的内在联系,对促进跆拳道在高校的后续发展具有前瞻性。
本文以天津市普通高校的主要领导、中国大学生体育协会跆拳道分会的领导、普通高校的教师、学生为主要对象进行了座谈和交流。运用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法对天津市18所普通高校(不包括体育专业院校)的在籍大学生1440名、体育部主任18名、体育教师100名(包括所有跆拳道教师)进行问卷调查,以此掌握天津高校体育主管领导的重视程度,开展跆拳道的高校数量,开展跆拳道的组织形式,场馆建设和师资水平,校内发展跆拳道的基本环境,大学生练习跆拳道的动机,目的和满意程度,训练时间,器材设施,社团交流活动,发展意见以及影响天津市高校跆拳道的主要因素进行了调查整理与分析,得出了以下结论和建议:
结论:
天津市普通高校跆拳道开展情况良好,受到培训机制和发展机制的制约,开展的层次和规模不理想,高校领导重视程度不高,场馆设施相对不足,多种开展形式难以协调统一;在教师方面,以青年教师为主,具有高学历的教师偏少、专业教师人数比例较低且教龄较短、教学经验不足,没有使用统一教材;在学生方面,学生喜爱跆拳道的程度较高,男生多于女生,练习者以低年级的学生为主,对于教师的教学满意程度较高;在内容选择上尤其是对跆拳道的精神内涵和健体防卫的练习动机较为积极,想参加比赛的学员只占少数,而以广交道友,切磋技艺和交流练习感受为主要目的校际交流活动特别能受到大学生的青睐。
发展建议:
天津市普通高校应牢固树立“健康第一”的指导思想,特别是学校领导要转变教育思想观念,提高认识,全面推进校园体育文化建设和体育教育工作,重视和支持新兴项目的发展。
天津市教育行政教育部门和天津市大学生体育协会跆拳道分会,应着眼于世界范围内跆拳道项目改革的新形势,紧跟时代发展要求,改变传统观念和思想,根据项目特点和趋势,不断调整和制定跆拳道发展的基本方向和目标,设立较为合理的竞赛项目体系,加强赛制创新,以适应发展需要。
天津市普通高校中跆拳道专业教师还较少,大多数是学历水平以本科为主的青年人,教师缺乏教学经验,应定期组织跆拳道教师的培训和学习,提高跆拳道教师的整体业务能力和科研水平,建立必要的教师培训机制。
高校可选用合理化跆拳道教材,使教材的内容符合大学生心理个性和练习需要,通过教材的使用,可以有效提高教学的规范性和严谨性,提高课程建设水平。
跆拳道作为一门体育课程,普通高校在满足部分大学生课程需要的前提下,应加强业余运动队、协会或俱乐部等其它形式的跆拳道教学活动,把跆拳道作为丰富课余活动的一种方式。同时,应该不断加强场馆等硬件设施条件的建设力度,改善教学环境,缓解当前体育场馆、设施、器材短缺的局面。
高校不仅要不断挖掘跆拳道的体育价值,更要提倡跆拳道的精神和文化内涵,把跆拳道作为培养高素质人才的重要方式。高校跆拳道除基本教学外,可以利用运动会、讲座、社团活动,为提高学生的综合素质搭建历练的平台。
普通高校体育部门要推动一个项目的发展,必须有良好的人群基础,可以利用校内的各种机会,通过各种表演活动,定期开设跆拳道的知识讲座,也可以通过联合其它社团搞宣传等工作,利用网络、媒介等方式,全方面普及跆拳道的知识,提高跆拳道的影响力,在普通高校中营造文明健康的文化氛围,使跆拳道有益成分深入人心,促进跆拳道运动健康积极的发展。
In recent years, the taekwondo competitions of undergraduates from nationwide colleges and colleges of Tianjin saw improvement in their competition item system, enlargement of scale and standardization in accessing the qualification of rising in rank. And also, progress are seen in the training of taekwondo teachers, gradually building up the standard of the development of taekwondo in colleges, inspiring the teachers to enhance one’s skills and improve one’s teaching ability. Besides, to improve practical abilities and to swap experiences, taekwondo activities among colleges are widely held by students’organizations. Hence, we should ground on current situations to plan for future, establish the direction of the development of taekwondo and clear development goals, and provide references for the education decision-making departments and sports authorities to make policies and regimes related.
Being a newly established competition item in 2012 National University Games, we are eager to know what can be seen in the future development of taekwondo in colleges. Discussions with experts and the person in charge of University Taekwondo Association help understand the basic idea and direction of the Authorities in developing taekwondo in universities, meanwhile, on the ground of grasping the own characters of the college and the demand of the students, observing from multi-angle, propose suggestions in the development of taekwondo in universities in Tianjin, in an attempt to find out the internal relations of the development of taekwondo in universities, trying to be forward-looking in stimulating the follow-up development.
This article is based on the discussion with the major leadership in Tianjin universities, the leaders of the Taekwondo branch of China University Sports Association and teachers and students in universities. Using questionnaires, documents and materials, comparative analysis and mathematical statistics to research on 1440 undergraduates, 18 sports directors and 100 sports teachers(including all the Taekwondo teachers) from 18 universities and colleges in Tianjin(not including sports professional institutions), on this ground to survey, arrange and analysis the emphasis by executive leaderships in Tianjin universities on taekwondo, quantities of universities carrying out taekwondo sports, organizations of the sport, venue construction and teacher qualifications, basic environment in which developing the sport, motivations, purpose and satisfaction of the students learning taekwondo, training time, equipment and facilities, community exchange activities, development suggestions and main factors that affecting the development of the sport. Conclusions and suggestions are as follows:
Conclusions:
The spots of taekwondo are finely carried out in universities in Tianjin, but the level and scale are not ideal. There are not enough emphasis by leaderships, the venues are inadequate, varies of activities are hard to harmonize; yang teachers take a large proportion, less highly educated teachers and professional teachers, teachers are mostly short in teaching age and adequate in teaching experiences, no unified teaching materials are used; the students have high interests in the sport, boys more than girls, junior take a large proportion of the practitioners, and are mostly satisfied; the spirits of taekwondo and exercise and defensive function of the sport are favored by the students, practitioners wants to make friends, discuss techniques and communicate and exercise rather than take part in the competition.
Suggestions:
Universities in Tianjin should guide by the thought of’Health First’, and the leaderships in universities are especially need to change the teach concept, deepen the understanding, comprehensively promoting the work of building sports culture and sports teaching, put emphasis on the development of the new project.
The Executive Education Department of Tianjin and the NCAA Taekwondo branch in Tianjin should focus on the situation of a worldwide reform in taekwondo, following the demand of the time, transform traditional concepts and thoughts, based on the character of the sport and developing tendency, constantly adjust and draft the basic direction and target of the development of taekwondo, establish reasonable contest system, innovate in competition system, to adapt to the development needs.
There are still less professions in taekwondo teams in Tianjin universities, most teachers are young teachers with bachelor degree who are less in teaching experiences. Thus, to establish a teacher training system, regular training and studies for taekwondo teachers are necessary, in order to improve the overall operational capacity and scientific research ability of the teachers.
Unified teaching materials should be used in universities. The teaching material should agree with the psychology and character of undergraduates as well as their needs for practicing the sport. Using the unified teaching material helps improve the specification and rigor of taekwondo teaching, increase the level of teaching.
On the premise of satisfying the course needs, universities should increase the teaching activities such as amateur sports teams, associations and clubs to develop taekwondo as a part-time activity. Meanwhile, construct venues and such hardware facilities; improve the environment of teaching, ease the situation of the shortage of venues, facilities and equipments.
Universities should uncover the sports value of taekwondo as well as its spirit and culture, seeing taekwondo as an important way to fertilize high-quality personnel. Except for basic teaching, universities can use games, lectures and community activities as a platform to increase overall quality of students. Meanwhile, try to create an atmosphere of taekwondo culture, promoting the positive sides of taekwondo popular among students.
To promote the development of a program, sport department of universities need a ground population base. All means could be used, such as performances, regular lectures of taekwondo knowledge, propaganda joint with other communities, by the means of internet and mediums, popularize taekwondo knowledge in all aspects, increase the influence of the sport, create an civilized and healthy culture atmosphere, stimulating taekwondo develop healthily and positively.
引文
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