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家具用纤维板表面性能及其对漆膜附着力影响的研究
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摘要
通常,人造板用于家具制造需经过表面加工。常用的表面加工方式有表面涂饰、贴面等,在此过程中有许多化学和物理过程发生在其表面上。因此,其表面质量的好坏将直接影响到表面加工的外观质量。人造板又是一种多孔性结构板材,存在微小的孔隙,它作为不同材料连接的“纽带”对板材的物理、化学、力学、功能等特性起着至关重要的作用,只有在了解其表面性能的前提下才能更好的利用或是针对性的改善之后使之应用于实际生产中。
     本文以纤维板为主要研究对象,试验材料选用两个公司生产的纤维板作为对比,以消除偶然因素的影响,分别对两组试件进行不同砂磨程度的砂磨处理后,进行表面粗糙度、表面润湿性和表面吸收性的测定,而后对试件进行涂饰,进而对其进行漆膜附着力的测定;分析表面粗糙度、表面润湿性、表面吸收性和漆膜附着力之间的关系。
     试验发现:①表面粗糙度对表面润湿性、表面吸收性和漆膜附着力都有一定的影响。未经砂磨处理的试件表面自由能小,表面吸收值小,漆膜附着力低,这是因为试件表面预固化层、氧化层的存在;随着表面粗糙度增大,表面润湿性越好,但是表面吸收性和漆膜附着力却呈降低趋势;800#砂纸处理试件的漆膜附着力最好,漆膜附着力为0级,也就是说,表面粗糙度越大,并不一定有利于表面涂饰,即机械联合理论对漆膜附着力影响不大;②提高表面自由能,就能提高湿润效率,涂料、油漆在其表面的扩散性就越好,增加对试件表面的漆膜附着力,有利于涂饰;③提高表面吸收性,降低涂层的厚度,缩小内聚力,能提高漆膜试件的粘附强度,以提高漆膜的附着力;④密度和含水率对表面粗糙度、表面润湿性、表面吸收性和漆膜附着力也都有一定的影响。相同处理条件下,高密度纤维板的表面粗糙度表面润湿性、表面吸收性和漆膜附着力都优于中密度纤维板,但在纤维板的生产中,由于成本和家具产品的重量问题,不能单单为了改善板面表面粗糙度而一味提高密度,密度控制在0.72~0.78g/cm~2范围内时,不但能满足其它理化性能指标的要求,而且各性能也得到很大改善;试件含水率过高时,涂料得不到充分的流展,不仅达不到应有的附着力,还容易在试件表面产生鼓泡等缺陷;含水率低,砂磨中也易使板面
Usually, the wood-based panel uses in the furniture manufacture having to pass through the facing. The commonly used facing way has the surface to spread the decoration, the cover and so on, has many chemistries and the physical reaction in this process occurs on its surface. Therefore, its surface quality directly will affect the face work outward appearance quality. The wood-based panel also is one kind of porous structure plate, has the small hole, it took the different material connection "the link" to characteristic and so on plate physics, chemistry, mechanics, function is playing the very important role,Only then in understood its superficial performance under the premise can a better use perhaps the pointed improvement causes it to apply afterwards in the actual production.
    This article take the fibreboard as the main research object, the experimental material selects the fibreboard which two companies produces to take the contrast, by eliminates the accidental factor the influence, carries on the different sand blast degree separately after two groups of test samples sand blast processing, carries on the surface roughness, the superficial wettability and the superficial absorptive determination, after but carries on to the test sample spreads the decoration, and then carries on the varnish film adhesion the determination; Analysis surface roughness, superficial wettability, superficial absorptive quality and between varnish film adhesion relations.
    The experiment discovered that, (1) The surface roughness to the superficial wettability, the superficial absorptive quality and the varnish film adhesion all has the certain influence. The test sample surface which processes after the sand blast free has not been able to be small, adsorption value small, the varnish film adhesion is low, this is because of the test sample surface pre- solidification level, the oxide layer existence; Increases along with the surface roughness, the superficial wettability is better, but the superficial absorptive quality and the varnish film adhesion assumes actually reduces the tendency; The 800# sandpaper processing test sample varnish film adhesion is best, the
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