松辽盆地北部中浅层含油气系统特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用
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摘要
本论文在松辽盆地北部含油气系统形成的构造、沉积和热力条件研究的基础上,通过油源对比利用源岩和盖层对松辽盆地中浅层含油气系统进行了划分,得到松辽盆地北部中浅层纵向上划分为K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn、K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)、和K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n_53个含油气系统。K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn含油气系统油气藏类型以断层-岩性油气藏为主,油气成藏及分布主要受有效源岩的分布,好盖层分布,超压、低水位砂体和断层发育,地下水碰撞带4个因素的控制。油气成藏的关键时刻为明水组沉积末期。主要成藏模式是被下油气倒灌运移于断层～岩性或断块圈闭成藏模式。K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)含油气系统内主要有背斜和断层2类油气藏,该含油气系统油气聚集丰富,油气成藏与分布主要受源岩、古构造及砂体和构造配合的控制。明水组沉积末期为该含油气系统的成藏关键时刻。油气成藏模式主要有被间油气侧向运移于构造圈闭成藏模式和被间油气侧向运移于断层遮挡圈闭成藏模式。K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5含油气系统以断鼻油气藏为主,主要发育大庆长垣及其以西地区。油气成藏与分布主要受有效源岩、断裂及分布和砂体与构造、断层配合控制作用。油气成藏的关键时刻为古近纪沉积末期。油气主要成藏模式是下生上储油气沿断裂运移于断层遮挡圈闭的成藏模式。依据流体势场分割槽将K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn含油气系统划分出8个含油气子系统,K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)含油气系统划分出8个含油气子系统,K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5含油气系统划分出5个含油气子系统。综合评价结果表明,K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn含油气系统中的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ含油气子系统、K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)含油气系统中的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ含油气子系统,K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5含油气系统中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ皆为好的含油气子系统。通过源岩、盖层和断裂形成与演化史研究,对松辽盆地北部中浅层含油气系统形成与演化进行研究得到,长期活动断裂和中晚期断裂在嫩末、明末及古近纪末活动开启,导致K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn含油气系统向下延伸形成K_1sh+K_1yc+K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn一个大的含油气系统,造成K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn含油气系统出现“混源”成藏现象。K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)-S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)和K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5两个含油气系统形成K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)+K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5含油气系统,造成黑帝庙油层出现一层多源油气成藏现象。这主要是含油气系统演化对油气来源、运聚层位、范围、成藏时期和模式控制的结果。综合上述研究得到K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn含油气系统油气成藏与分布的有利地区主要分布于齐家、古龙凹陷、大庆长垣和三肇凹陷及朝长地区,K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)含油气系统的有利地区主要分布于三肇凹陷、大庆长垣、齐家～古龙凹陷及西部斜坡局部地区,K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5含油气系统有利地区主要分布于齐家、古龙凹陷及大庆长垣中南部地区。
Based on the research of structure, depositional and heating power condition to formation of petroleum system in the north of Songliao Basin, petroleum system of middle and shallow strata are divided by oil sources contrast and using source rock and caprock.It was considered that K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn、K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)、and K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 are three petroleum system in the vertical direction of middle and shallow strata in north of Songliao Basin. The reservoir types of the K_1qn～F.Y～K_1q oil-bearing system are mainly fault-lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir, The four factors that control oil accumulation and distribution are the distribution of effective source rock ,good caprock, overpressure sandbody in low water level and development of fault. The key period of oil accumulation are the end of K2m.The main oil accumulation are the oil that flow backward into fault-lithologic or fault-trap .
The two types of oil reservoir in the K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) petroleum system are anticline and fault, where there are abundant oil and gas.The oil accumulation and distribution are mainly controlled by source rock、palaeostructrue、sandbody and structure.The key period for oil accumulation is the end of K2m sediment.The oil accumulation are oil that migrate into structural trap and oil in source rock migrate into fault-barrier trap.
The petroleum system of K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 is mainly fault nose , mainly develop in the west of Daqing placanticline.Oil accumulation and distribution are mainly controlled by effective source rock、fault and control action that among sandbody、fault and structure.
The oil and gas accumulation are oil from oil-generating strata below and reservoir above that migrate along fault into trap sealed by fault. K_1qn F.Y K_1qn petroleum system are divided into eight subsystem field in terms of fluid potential field partition gutter, while K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) eight and K_1n_(3+4)～K_1n5 is five.it’s considered thatⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳoil gas-bearing subsystem of K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn and K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 are best .
Based on the research of formation and evolution of source rock、fault and caprock, it considerd that the petroleum system in the middle and shallow strata of in the north of Songliao Basin , the fault of long term active and middle later period are open at the end of K_1n and K2m and N which leads to the formation of K_1sh+K_1yc+K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn petroleum system caused by the extension of K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn and“mixture source”in K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn.
K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)-S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) and K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 petroleum system formed K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)+K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 petroleum system, which leads to one strata with multiple oil accumulation in Heidimiao reservoir. The main reason are caused by petroleum system that control the source of oil and gas, migration stratigraphic position、accumulation period .it's considered that the favorable place for oil accumulation and distribution of K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn petroleum system mainly distributed Qijia～Gulong depression、Daqing placanticline and west slope.、and Sanzhao depression and Chaochang place. While for K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) the favorable place for oil accumulation and distribution are Sanzhao depression、Daqing placanticline ,Qijia～Gulong depression, while for K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 favorable place are Qijia～Gulong depression and middle and south of Daqing placanticline.
Based on the research of structure, depositional and heating power condition to formation of petroleum system in the north of Songliao Basin, petroleum system of middle and shallow strata are divided by oil sources contrast and using source rock and caprock.It was considered that K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn、K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2)、and K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 are three petroleum system in the vertical direction of middle and shallow strata in north of Songliao Basin. The reservoir types of the K_1qn～F.Y～K_1q oil-bearing system are mainly fault-lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir, The four factors that control oil accumulation and distribution are the distribution of effective source rock ,good caprock, overpressure sandbody in low water level and development of fault. The key period of oil accumulation are the end of K2m.The main oil accumulation are the oil that flow backward into fault-lithologic or fault-trap .
The two types of oil reservoir in the K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) petroleum system are anticline and fault, where there are abundant oil and gas.The oil accumulation and distribution are mainly controlled by source rock、palaeostructrue、sandbody and structure.The key period for oil accumulation is the end of K2m sediment.The oil accumulation are oil that migrate into structural trap and oil in source rock migrate into fault-barrier trap.
The petroleum system of K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 is mainly fault nose , mainly develop in the west of Daqing placanticline.Oil accumulation and distribution are mainly controlled by effective source rock、fault and control action that among sandbody、fault and structure.
The oil and gas accumulation are oil from oil-generating strata below and reservoir above that migrate along fault into trap sealed by fault. K_1qn F.Y K_1qn petroleum system are divided into eight subsystem field in terms of fluid potential field partition gutter, while K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) eight and K_1n_(3+4)～K_1n5 is five.it’s considered thatⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳoil gas-bearing subsystem of K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn and K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 are best .
Based on the research of formation and evolution of source rock、fault and caprock, it considerd that the petroleum system in the middle and shallow strata of in the north of Songliao Basin , the fault of long term active and middle later period are open at the end of K_1n and K2m and N which leads to the formation of K_1sh+K_1yc+K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn petroleum system caused by the extension of K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn and“mixture source”in K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn.
K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)-S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) and K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 petroleum system formed K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)+K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 petroleum system, which leads to one strata with multiple oil accumulation in Heidimiao reservoir. The main reason are caused by petroleum system that control the source of oil and gas, migration stratigraphic position、accumulation period .it's considered that the favorable place for oil accumulation and distribution of K_1qn～F.Y～K_1qn petroleum system mainly distributed Qijia～Gulong depression、Daqing placanticline and west slope.、and Sanzhao depression and Chaochang place. While for K_1qn+K_1n_(1+2)～S.P.G～K_1n_(1+2) the favorable place for oil accumulation and distribution are Sanzhao depression、Daqing placanticline ,Qijia～Gulong depression, while for K_1n_(3+4)～H～K_1n5 favorable place are Qijia～Gulong depression and middle and south of Daqing placanticline.
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