服务业与制造业关联机制与模式研究
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摘要
国民经济系统中的各产业是相互联系、相互促进、而又相互制约的,独立发展某一产业都是不科学和不可行的。作为国民经济重要组成部分的服务业与制造业的产业关联决定着区域经济的发展方向。在全球经济由“工业型经济”向“服务型经济”的转型的大背景下,对于正处于工业化阶段的国家和地区而言,协调好服务业与制造业的发展和互动,是快速提升经济水平和实现产业结构转型升级的关键所在。系统研究服务业与制造业关联机制与模式,能够为我国新型工业化道路和区域差异化产业发展战略提供理论依据,促进我国产业结构升级和经济发展方式转型。
本文以规范分析与实证分析相结合、历史分析与逻辑分析相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,综合运用社会分工理论、交易成本理论、价值链理论、生态群落理论、产业关联理论等理论方法展开研究,对服务业与制造业关联的动机、载体、路径和模式进行了剖析,并结合我国现实产业经济发展水平判定服务业与制造业关联程度,提出针对性产业发展对策。
全文共分为五大部分,共九章。第一部分为绪论,重点介绍论文的研究背景、目的及意义,国内外研究现状、全文的研究体系及方法。第二部分为服务业定义、分类及特征,限定了本文研究的服务业概念及范围,并以技术水平、要素投入和服务内容为依据对服务业进行分类,总结出服务业具有关联广泛、内容多样、成长伴生的特征,为研究服务业与制造业的关联打下基础。
第三部分即第三章至第六章,为本文的理论创新部分,重点阐述服务业与制造业关联的内在机制与模式,包括二者的关联动机、关联载体、关联路径和关联模式。第三章分别从交易成本理论、竞争优势理论和生态群落理论三大理论视角探讨了服务业与制造业关联发展的内在动机。第四章从渠道、信息、资金、人才、技术等五个方面,分析了服务业与制造业的关联载体。第五章从市场经济的需求供给理论出发,把服务业与制造业的产业关联路径分为需求遵从路径、供给主导路径和互动发展路径。第六章结合服务业与制造业的关联程度,总结出当前服务业与制造业互动关联的四大模式：即平行转移型关联模式、辅助推动型关联模式、协同共生型关联模式和产业交融型发展模式,并具体阐述了四大模式各自具有的内涵、特点及典型产业。
第四部分为第七、第八章,是本文实证研究部分,在对比三种不同产业关联程度量化评价方法的优缺点基础上,建立投入产出法分析我国服务业与制造业关联水平的计量模式和判定标准。研究显示我国服务业与制造业的产业关联正逐步加深,不同省市区的服务业与制造业产业关联程度差异较大。借助聚类分析,依据关联程度判定标准把我国30个省市区的服务业与制造业关联模式划分到的四种模式类型下,并结合各类不同发展特点,提出具有针对性的促进对策。最后一部分为全文总结和研究展望。
Since industries in national economy system are interconnected with mutual promotion and restriction, it is not scientific or feasible to develop an industry independently. As an important part of national economy, services and manufacturing industry correlation decides the development direction of regional economy. Under the background of the global economy transforming from "industrial economy" to "service economy" mode, for countries and regions in the stage of industrialization, to coordinate the development and interaction between services and manufacturing is the key to promote the economic level rapidly and to realize the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. Systematic study on the correlative mechanism and pattern between services and manufacturing industry can provide theoretical basis for a new road to industrialization in China and regional differentiation strategy, helping to promote the industrial structure upgrading and economic development pattern transformation in China.
Based on the combination of normative analysis and empirical analysis, historical analysis and logical analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this thesis makes integrated use of the social division of labor theory, transaction cost theory, the theory of the value chain, ecological communities' theory, industry association theory and so on to conduct the systematic research on the motivation, carrier, path and pattern of the correlation between services and manufacturing industry. Additionally, specific suggestions for industry development are put forward according to the industrial correlation degree between services and manufacturing judged from the reality in China.
There are nine chapters in the thesis, which can be divided into five parts. Part one is an introduction, focusing on the research background, purpose and significance, research status, the research system and method. Part two discusses the definition, category and characteristics of services, limiting the concept and the scope of services in this study. Services are classified based on the factors of technical level, inputs and service content and services being featured by extensive relation, various contents and associated growth is summarized, which lays the foundation for the study on the correlation between services and manufacturing industry.
Part three is the theory innovation part of this thesis,containing four chapters from Chapter Ⅲ to Chapter VI, focusing on the internal mechanism of developing correlations between services and manufacturing, including the associated motivations,associated carriers, associated paths and associated patterns.Chapter Ⅲ discusses the intrinsic motivations of developing correlations between services and manufacturing, from the aspects of transaction cost theory, the theory of competitive advantage and the theory of ecological communities. Chapter IV analyzes the associated carriers of developing correlations between services and manufacturing, from five aspects including channel, information,capital,talent and technology. From the demand supply theory of the market economy, Chapter Ⅴ proposes needs-led path, supply-led path and interactive path of the associated path of developing correlations between services and manufacturing. Combined with the history and correlation degree of services and manufacturing development, Chapter VI summarizes the four developing correlation patterns between services and manufacturing:parallel transfer pattern, auxiliary push pattern,collaborative symbiotic pattern and industry integration development pattern, and connotation, characteristics and typical industry of each pattern are discussed.
Part four concluding Chapter VII and Chapter VIII is the empirical research part of this thesis.Based on the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of three different quantitative evaluation methods for industrial connection degree, input-output method is established to analyze measurement pattern and decision criteria of industrial correlation degree of services and manufacturing in China.Study shows that the industrial correlation degree of services and manufacturing in China becomes higher and higher but there are great differences of it in different provinces.With the help of clustering analysis,30provinces'industrial correlation of services and manufacturing in China are classified into four patterns based on the correlation degree criterion. In addition,specific promotion strategies are proposed according to different development characteristics of each pattern.The last part is the summary and research prospects.
本文以规范分析与实证分析相结合、历史分析与逻辑分析相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,综合运用社会分工理论、交易成本理论、价值链理论、生态群落理论、产业关联理论等理论方法展开研究,对服务业与制造业关联的动机、载体、路径和模式进行了剖析,并结合我国现实产业经济发展水平判定服务业与制造业关联程度,提出针对性产业发展对策。
全文共分为五大部分,共九章。第一部分为绪论,重点介绍论文的研究背景、目的及意义,国内外研究现状、全文的研究体系及方法。第二部分为服务业定义、分类及特征,限定了本文研究的服务业概念及范围,并以技术水平、要素投入和服务内容为依据对服务业进行分类,总结出服务业具有关联广泛、内容多样、成长伴生的特征,为研究服务业与制造业的关联打下基础。
第三部分即第三章至第六章,为本文的理论创新部分,重点阐述服务业与制造业关联的内在机制与模式,包括二者的关联动机、关联载体、关联路径和关联模式。第三章分别从交易成本理论、竞争优势理论和生态群落理论三大理论视角探讨了服务业与制造业关联发展的内在动机。第四章从渠道、信息、资金、人才、技术等五个方面,分析了服务业与制造业的关联载体。第五章从市场经济的需求供给理论出发,把服务业与制造业的产业关联路径分为需求遵从路径、供给主导路径和互动发展路径。第六章结合服务业与制造业的关联程度,总结出当前服务业与制造业互动关联的四大模式：即平行转移型关联模式、辅助推动型关联模式、协同共生型关联模式和产业交融型发展模式,并具体阐述了四大模式各自具有的内涵、特点及典型产业。
第四部分为第七、第八章,是本文实证研究部分,在对比三种不同产业关联程度量化评价方法的优缺点基础上,建立投入产出法分析我国服务业与制造业关联水平的计量模式和判定标准。研究显示我国服务业与制造业的产业关联正逐步加深,不同省市区的服务业与制造业产业关联程度差异较大。借助聚类分析,依据关联程度判定标准把我国30个省市区的服务业与制造业关联模式划分到的四种模式类型下,并结合各类不同发展特点,提出具有针对性的促进对策。最后一部分为全文总结和研究展望。
Since industries in national economy system are interconnected with mutual promotion and restriction, it is not scientific or feasible to develop an industry independently. As an important part of national economy, services and manufacturing industry correlation decides the development direction of regional economy. Under the background of the global economy transforming from "industrial economy" to "service economy" mode, for countries and regions in the stage of industrialization, to coordinate the development and interaction between services and manufacturing is the key to promote the economic level rapidly and to realize the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. Systematic study on the correlative mechanism and pattern between services and manufacturing industry can provide theoretical basis for a new road to industrialization in China and regional differentiation strategy, helping to promote the industrial structure upgrading and economic development pattern transformation in China.
Based on the combination of normative analysis and empirical analysis, historical analysis and logical analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this thesis makes integrated use of the social division of labor theory, transaction cost theory, the theory of the value chain, ecological communities' theory, industry association theory and so on to conduct the systematic research on the motivation, carrier, path and pattern of the correlation between services and manufacturing industry. Additionally, specific suggestions for industry development are put forward according to the industrial correlation degree between services and manufacturing judged from the reality in China.
There are nine chapters in the thesis, which can be divided into five parts. Part one is an introduction, focusing on the research background, purpose and significance, research status, the research system and method. Part two discusses the definition, category and characteristics of services, limiting the concept and the scope of services in this study. Services are classified based on the factors of technical level, inputs and service content and services being featured by extensive relation, various contents and associated growth is summarized, which lays the foundation for the study on the correlation between services and manufacturing industry.
Part three is the theory innovation part of this thesis,containing four chapters from Chapter Ⅲ to Chapter VI, focusing on the internal mechanism of developing correlations between services and manufacturing, including the associated motivations,associated carriers, associated paths and associated patterns.Chapter Ⅲ discusses the intrinsic motivations of developing correlations between services and manufacturing, from the aspects of transaction cost theory, the theory of competitive advantage and the theory of ecological communities. Chapter IV analyzes the associated carriers of developing correlations between services and manufacturing, from five aspects including channel, information,capital,talent and technology. From the demand supply theory of the market economy, Chapter Ⅴ proposes needs-led path, supply-led path and interactive path of the associated path of developing correlations between services and manufacturing. Combined with the history and correlation degree of services and manufacturing development, Chapter VI summarizes the four developing correlation patterns between services and manufacturing:parallel transfer pattern, auxiliary push pattern,collaborative symbiotic pattern and industry integration development pattern, and connotation, characteristics and typical industry of each pattern are discussed.
Part four concluding Chapter VII and Chapter VIII is the empirical research part of this thesis.Based on the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of three different quantitative evaluation methods for industrial connection degree, input-output method is established to analyze measurement pattern and decision criteria of industrial correlation degree of services and manufacturing in China.Study shows that the industrial correlation degree of services and manufacturing in China becomes higher and higher but there are great differences of it in different provinces.With the help of clustering analysis,30provinces'industrial correlation of services and manufacturing in China are classified into four patterns based on the correlation degree criterion. In addition,specific promotion strategies are proposed according to different development characteristics of each pattern.The last part is the summary and research prospects.
引文
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