二维电阻率层析成像技术在土石坝渗漏诊断中的应用
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摘要
本文结合国家自然科学基金项目“土石坝渗漏的波-电耦合成像诊断技术研究”(合同编号50779081),运用二维电阻率层析成像技术对土石坝渗漏诊断进行了较系统的应用研究。
主要工作如下:
(1)较系统的阐述了国内外电阻率成像技术的研究现状、坝体渗漏检测研究发展现状,在此基础上结合实际工程应用提出了本文的主要内容和研究思路。
(2)对电阻率层析成像的正反演模型进行了研究,主要介绍了本文采用的正反演算法。
(3)针对目前电阻率成像的现场观测系统,介绍了其基本原理、电极装置、野外观测系统的构成,并结合土石坝渗漏特点,对观测系统在土石坝诊断中的适应性进行了研究。
(4)从几个方面研究了电阻率成像的解释方法,主要是针对电法的地形影响及定性分析上的研究。
(5)对土石坝渗漏的数值模拟进行了研究,利用编制的二维反演程序对土石坝渗漏模型进行了试算和反演收敛性分析,反演效果甚佳。
(6)结合壁山县大林水库上游坝体电法渗漏检测,并对结果进行了解释和误差分析。其结果表明原均质土坝在高程329.0米以上的近右坝肩可能存在渗漏隐患,建议将该部分坝体挖除后重新回填碾压。本文的研究是电阻率法对土石坝渗漏的应用型研究,对土石坝的有效维护加固具有十分重要的指导意义。
In this article, the National Natural Science Foundation Project "earth-rock dam seepage wave-electric coupling Diagnostic Imaging Technology" (number 50779081), the use of two-dimensional resistivity tomography technology to an in-depth earth-rock dam seepage system.
This article includes specific studies as follows:
(1)Than the system at home and abroad on the resistivity imaging technology research, research and development of dam leakage detection of the status quo, on the basis of combining a practical application of research in this article, and key.
(2)Resistivity tomography on the pros and cons of his model have been studied in this paper introduces the algorithm used by the pros and cons.
(3)At present, electrical resistivity tomography for the in situ observing systems, the basic principles of its introduction, the electrode device, the composition of the field observing systems, combined with the characteristics of earth-rock dam seepage, earth-rock dam on the observation system in the diagnosis of adaptation have been studied.
(4)Studied from several aspects of the interpretation of the resistivity imaging method, is mainly directed against the topography of the impact of electrical and qualitative research on the fractal.
(5)Focused on the numerical simulation of earth-rock dam seepage studies, the use of the preparation procedures for two-dimensional inversion model of the earth-rock dam leakage and the inversion of the spreadsheet analysis of convergence, very good inversion results.
(6)Bishan County Daerim combination of the upper reaches of the reservoir dam leakage detection Electricity Act, and the results are the interpretation and error analysis. The results showed that the original homogeneous earth dam at elevation 329.0 meters above the right abutment near the possible leakage problems exist, it is recommended part of the dam re-excavated backfill compacted.
This article research is the resistivity method to the earth stone dam leakage application research, has the very important guiding sense to the earth stone dam's effective maintenance reinforcement.
主要工作如下:
(1)较系统的阐述了国内外电阻率成像技术的研究现状、坝体渗漏检测研究发展现状,在此基础上结合实际工程应用提出了本文的主要内容和研究思路。
(2)对电阻率层析成像的正反演模型进行了研究,主要介绍了本文采用的正反演算法。
(3)针对目前电阻率成像的现场观测系统,介绍了其基本原理、电极装置、野外观测系统的构成,并结合土石坝渗漏特点,对观测系统在土石坝诊断中的适应性进行了研究。
(4)从几个方面研究了电阻率成像的解释方法,主要是针对电法的地形影响及定性分析上的研究。
(5)对土石坝渗漏的数值模拟进行了研究,利用编制的二维反演程序对土石坝渗漏模型进行了试算和反演收敛性分析,反演效果甚佳。
(6)结合壁山县大林水库上游坝体电法渗漏检测,并对结果进行了解释和误差分析。其结果表明原均质土坝在高程329.0米以上的近右坝肩可能存在渗漏隐患,建议将该部分坝体挖除后重新回填碾压。本文的研究是电阻率法对土石坝渗漏的应用型研究,对土石坝的有效维护加固具有十分重要的指导意义。
In this article, the National Natural Science Foundation Project "earth-rock dam seepage wave-electric coupling Diagnostic Imaging Technology" (number 50779081), the use of two-dimensional resistivity tomography technology to an in-depth earth-rock dam seepage system.
This article includes specific studies as follows:
(1)Than the system at home and abroad on the resistivity imaging technology research, research and development of dam leakage detection of the status quo, on the basis of combining a practical application of research in this article, and key.
(2)Resistivity tomography on the pros and cons of his model have been studied in this paper introduces the algorithm used by the pros and cons.
(3)At present, electrical resistivity tomography for the in situ observing systems, the basic principles of its introduction, the electrode device, the composition of the field observing systems, combined with the characteristics of earth-rock dam seepage, earth-rock dam on the observation system in the diagnosis of adaptation have been studied.
(4)Studied from several aspects of the interpretation of the resistivity imaging method, is mainly directed against the topography of the impact of electrical and qualitative research on the fractal.
(5)Focused on the numerical simulation of earth-rock dam seepage studies, the use of the preparation procedures for two-dimensional inversion model of the earth-rock dam leakage and the inversion of the spreadsheet analysis of convergence, very good inversion results.
(6)Bishan County Daerim combination of the upper reaches of the reservoir dam leakage detection Electricity Act, and the results are the interpretation and error analysis. The results showed that the original homogeneous earth dam at elevation 329.0 meters above the right abutment near the possible leakage problems exist, it is recommended part of the dam re-excavated backfill compacted.
This article research is the resistivity method to the earth stone dam leakage application research, has the very important guiding sense to the earth stone dam's effective maintenance reinforcement.
引文
[1]冷元宝,等.堤坝隐患探侧技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展.2003.18(3).370-379
[2]冷元宝.我国堤坝隐患及渗漏探测技术现状及展望[J].水利水电科技进展.2002,22(2).59-62
[3]肖柏勋.我国提防隐患快速无损探测技术的现状与思考[J].工程地球物理学进展.9-16.
[4]房纯纲,等.堤防管涌渗漏隐患探测新方法[J].水利水电技术.2001.32(3).66-69
[5]曾昭发,等.环境与工程地球物理的新进展[J].地球物理学进展. 2004.19(3).486-491
[6]赵永贵.工程地球物理检测疑难问题研究进展[J].地球物理学进展.2003.18(3).368-369
[7]朱德兵.工程地球物理方法技术研究现状综述[J].地球物理学进展.2002.17(1).163-170
[8]底青云,等.高密度电阻率法在珠海某防波堤工程中的应用[J].地球物理学展.1997.12(2).79-88
[9]王兴泰,李小琴.电阻率图像重建的佐迪(Zohdy)反演及其应用效果[J].物探与化探.1996.20(3):228-233
[10]王若,王兴泰.用改进的佐迪反演方法进行二维电阻率图像重建[J].长春科技大学学报.1998.28(3).339-344
[11]张大海,王兴泰.二维视电阻率断面的快速最小二乘反演[J].物探化探计算技术.1999. 21(1).2-8
[12]王丰,王兴泰.改进的模拟退火方法及其在电阻率图像重建中的应用[J].长春科技大学学报.1999.29(2).175-178
[13]王运生,王旭明.用目标相关算法解释高密度电法资料[J].勘察科学技术.2001(1).62-64
[14]Hasegawa,Nobusuke,Shima,Hiromasa and Sakurai,Ken.An application of two-dimensional Ipimageprofiling to characterization of an active fault.66th Ann.Internat.Mtg.Soc.Of Expl.Geophys.1996.928-931
[15]Herry,Jishan.Frequency domain electrical methods employing special waveform field sources.67th Ann.Internat.Mtg.soc.Of Expl.Geophys.1997.338-341
[16]Hogg,R.V,and J.Ledolter.Engineering Statistics.MacMillan Publishing Company.1987
[17]Holunann,G W.Three-dimensional IP models.in ward.S.H.Ed.induced Polaeization.Soc.OfExpl. Geophys.1990.150-162
[18]DEGROOT HEDLING , CONSTABLES Occams inversion to generate smooth two dimensional models form magnetite lurid data [J].Geophysics.1990.55.1631-1624
[19]SASAKIY .Resolution of resistivity tomography inferred from numerical simulation [J] Geopsical Prospecting.1992.40.453-464
[20]LOKEMH,BARKERRD .Rapid least squares inversion of apparent resistivity pseudo sectionsby aquatic Newton method [J].Geophysical Prospecting.1996.44.131-152
[21]董浩斌.高密度电法和瞬变电磁法几个问题探讨[A].中国工程地球物理检测技术.2001[C].北京.地震出版社.2001
[22]刘晓东.高密度电法在宜春市岩溶地质调查中的应用「J].中国地质灾害与防治学报.2002. 13(1).72-75
[23]郭铁柱.高密度电法在崇青水库坝基渗漏勘查中的应用[J].北京水利.2001(2).39-40 [24)吴长盛.北大港水库堤坝裂缝检测与评定技术研究[J].水利水电技术.2001(5).61-63
[25]王文州.物探技术在高速公路岩溶地区地质勘探中的应用[J].中外公路.2001(4).56-58
[26]刘晓东.高密度电法在工程物探中的应用[J].工程勘察.2001(4).64-66
[27]王玉清.综合物探在高层建筑选址工作中的应用[J].河南地质.2001(3).208-211
[28]杨湘生.高密度电法在湘西北岩溶石山区找水中的应用[J].湖南地质.2001(3).230-232
[29]张献民.应用高密度电法探测煤田陷落柱[J].物探与化探.1994(5).363-370
[30]刘康和.庞学懋.黄河大柳树坝址区物探方法及其效果浅析[J].人民黄河.1994(1).30-32
[31]侯烈忠,秋兴国,罗奕.高密度电法在地基勘探中的效果[J].煤田地质与勘探.1997(4). 58-60
[32]刘万恩.高密度电法在天津软土地基勘察中的应用.上海地质,2004.51.1-7
[33]杨利容.高密度电阻率法在考古探测中的应用研究[学位论文] .四川.成都.成都理工大学.2005.8-9
[34]武汉地院金属物探教研室.电法勘探教程[M].地质出版社.1980
[35]刘海生.高密度电法在探测煤矿地下采空区中的应用研究[学位论文] .山西.太原.太原理工大学.2006.13-14
[36]黄兰珍,田宪漠.电阻率法地形改正及其在工程地质勘查中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术.1997.19(3).238
[37]徐世浙.电阻率法点电源二维地形改正的方法与实践[J].地质与勘探.1986.1(1).52
[38]徐世浙,柏钧.保角变换在电法勘探中的应用[M].北京.地质出版社.1977
[39]张翔,胡文宝.带地形的大地电磁测深联合二维反演[J].石油地球物理勘.1999.34(2).190
[40]简兴祥,等.高密度电阻率法地形影响校正[J],物探化探计算技术.2008.30(4).303-305
[41]汤洪志,等.边界单元法在高密度电阻率法二维地形改正中的应用成果.物探与化探.2001(6).21-23
[42]孙鸿雁,等.电法勘探地形影响问题研究进展.地质与勘探.2003(增刊).101-103
[43]张献民,等.电阻率法地形校正公式的应用.地质与勘探.1991(1).16-18
[44]李赓,赵明阶.击实土电阻率特性试验研究.山西建筑.2008(14).22-23
[2]冷元宝.我国堤坝隐患及渗漏探测技术现状及展望[J].水利水电科技进展.2002,22(2).59-62
[3]肖柏勋.我国提防隐患快速无损探测技术的现状与思考[J].工程地球物理学进展.9-16.
[4]房纯纲,等.堤防管涌渗漏隐患探测新方法[J].水利水电技术.2001.32(3).66-69
[5]曾昭发,等.环境与工程地球物理的新进展[J].地球物理学进展. 2004.19(3).486-491
[6]赵永贵.工程地球物理检测疑难问题研究进展[J].地球物理学进展.2003.18(3).368-369
[7]朱德兵.工程地球物理方法技术研究现状综述[J].地球物理学进展.2002.17(1).163-170
[8]底青云,等.高密度电阻率法在珠海某防波堤工程中的应用[J].地球物理学展.1997.12(2).79-88
[9]王兴泰,李小琴.电阻率图像重建的佐迪(Zohdy)反演及其应用效果[J].物探与化探.1996.20(3):228-233
[10]王若,王兴泰.用改进的佐迪反演方法进行二维电阻率图像重建[J].长春科技大学学报.1998.28(3).339-344
[11]张大海,王兴泰.二维视电阻率断面的快速最小二乘反演[J].物探化探计算技术.1999. 21(1).2-8
[12]王丰,王兴泰.改进的模拟退火方法及其在电阻率图像重建中的应用[J].长春科技大学学报.1999.29(2).175-178
[13]王运生,王旭明.用目标相关算法解释高密度电法资料[J].勘察科学技术.2001(1).62-64
[14]Hasegawa,Nobusuke,Shima,Hiromasa and Sakurai,Ken.An application of two-dimensional Ipimageprofiling to characterization of an active fault.66th Ann.Internat.Mtg.Soc.Of Expl.Geophys.1996.928-931
[15]Herry,Jishan.Frequency domain electrical methods employing special waveform field sources.67th Ann.Internat.Mtg.soc.Of Expl.Geophys.1997.338-341
[16]Hogg,R.V,and J.Ledolter.Engineering Statistics.MacMillan Publishing Company.1987
[17]Holunann,G W.Three-dimensional IP models.in ward.S.H.Ed.induced Polaeization.Soc.OfExpl. Geophys.1990.150-162
[18]DEGROOT HEDLING , CONSTABLES Occams inversion to generate smooth two dimensional models form magnetite lurid data [J].Geophysics.1990.55.1631-1624
[19]SASAKIY .Resolution of resistivity tomography inferred from numerical simulation [J] Geopsical Prospecting.1992.40.453-464
[20]LOKEMH,BARKERRD .Rapid least squares inversion of apparent resistivity pseudo sectionsby aquatic Newton method [J].Geophysical Prospecting.1996.44.131-152
[21]董浩斌.高密度电法和瞬变电磁法几个问题探讨[A].中国工程地球物理检测技术.2001[C].北京.地震出版社.2001
[22]刘晓东.高密度电法在宜春市岩溶地质调查中的应用「J].中国地质灾害与防治学报.2002. 13(1).72-75
[23]郭铁柱.高密度电法在崇青水库坝基渗漏勘查中的应用[J].北京水利.2001(2).39-40 [24)吴长盛.北大港水库堤坝裂缝检测与评定技术研究[J].水利水电技术.2001(5).61-63
[25]王文州.物探技术在高速公路岩溶地区地质勘探中的应用[J].中外公路.2001(4).56-58
[26]刘晓东.高密度电法在工程物探中的应用[J].工程勘察.2001(4).64-66
[27]王玉清.综合物探在高层建筑选址工作中的应用[J].河南地质.2001(3).208-211
[28]杨湘生.高密度电法在湘西北岩溶石山区找水中的应用[J].湖南地质.2001(3).230-232
[29]张献民.应用高密度电法探测煤田陷落柱[J].物探与化探.1994(5).363-370
[30]刘康和.庞学懋.黄河大柳树坝址区物探方法及其效果浅析[J].人民黄河.1994(1).30-32
[31]侯烈忠,秋兴国,罗奕.高密度电法在地基勘探中的效果[J].煤田地质与勘探.1997(4). 58-60
[32]刘万恩.高密度电法在天津软土地基勘察中的应用.上海地质,2004.51.1-7
[33]杨利容.高密度电阻率法在考古探测中的应用研究[学位论文] .四川.成都.成都理工大学.2005.8-9
[34]武汉地院金属物探教研室.电法勘探教程[M].地质出版社.1980
[35]刘海生.高密度电法在探测煤矿地下采空区中的应用研究[学位论文] .山西.太原.太原理工大学.2006.13-14
[36]黄兰珍,田宪漠.电阻率法地形改正及其在工程地质勘查中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术.1997.19(3).238
[37]徐世浙.电阻率法点电源二维地形改正的方法与实践[J].地质与勘探.1986.1(1).52
[38]徐世浙,柏钧.保角变换在电法勘探中的应用[M].北京.地质出版社.1977
[39]张翔,胡文宝.带地形的大地电磁测深联合二维反演[J].石油地球物理勘.1999.34(2).190
[40]简兴祥,等.高密度电阻率法地形影响校正[J],物探化探计算技术.2008.30(4).303-305
[41]汤洪志,等.边界单元法在高密度电阻率法二维地形改正中的应用成果.物探与化探.2001(6).21-23
[42]孙鸿雁,等.电法勘探地形影响问题研究进展.地质与勘探.2003(增刊).101-103
[43]张献民,等.电阻率法地形校正公式的应用.地质与勘探.1991(1).16-18
[44]李赓,赵明阶.击实土电阻率特性试验研究.山西建筑.2008(14).22-23
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