低压供电并联型有源谐波抑制系统的研究
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摘要
随着电力电子装置的应用日益广泛,电网谐波问题引起人们越来越多的关注。有源电力滤波器对于电能质量的调整和控制将是未来最重要的的手段之一,但是在国内的应用还远没达到成熟阶段,与无源滤波器相比,在实际应用中仍然居于次要地位,有很多问题有待于进一步研究和完善。为此,本文对有源电力滤波器应用的一些关键技术包括谐波电流检测、电流跟踪控制、变流器直流侧电容电压控制、主电路参数选择等进行了研究。本文的研究工作主要针对并联型三相三线制有源电力滤波器。
谐波电流检测是有源电力滤波器的关键技术之一,本文介绍了三种简单、有效的谐波电流检测方法,包括基于瞬时无功理论的谐波电流检测方法、基于FBD法的谐波电流检测方法、基于滑动傅里叶变换的谐波电流检测方法。并通过仿真来验证三种检测方法的有效性。
有源电力滤波器主电路参数的选择,很大程度上影响有源电力滤波器的性能。在分析了各个参数对有源滤波器性能影响的关系基础上,研究了主电路参数选择的方法。直流侧电容电压保持恒定是有源电力滤波器正常工作的基础,所以本文研究了控制电容电压保持恒定的方法。本文还提出了一种电容软起动方案,并针对其有效性进行了仿真验证。
电流跟踪控制是有源电力滤波器的另一项关键技术,电流跟踪控制的性能直接影响滤波器的滤波效果。在建立主电路数学描述的基础上,介绍了基于电压空间矢量的两种电流跟踪控制方式。并通过仿真对电流跟踪控制方式有效性进行了验证。
As long as the wide use of power electronic device, more and more people pay attentions to the harmonic pollution. Active power filter will be one of the most important approaches to improve the power quality. But active power filter has not reached the mature stage in the domestic applications, and there are many problems to be studied and solved. Compared with passive power filter, active power filter still stay in less important position in actual application. For this purpose, some key technologies were researched, including harmonic current detection, the current tracking control, the inverter DC side capacitor voltage control and the selection of the main circuit parameters. The study was mainly aimed at shunt three-phase three-wire active power filter.
Harmonic current detection is one of the key technologies of active power filter. Three kinds of simple and effective detecting methods were introduced, including: the detection method based on instantaneous reactive theory, the detection method based on the FBD theory, the. detection method based on the sliding Fourier transform. Simulations were constructed to verify the validity of the three kinds of detection methods.
The parameters of active power filter main circuit, to a great extent, affect the performance of active power filter. Based on the analysis of relation between the parameters and the performance, the methods of the parameters' selection were researched. It is the base that the voltage of the capacitor was maintained constant, so the method to maintain the voltage constant was researched too. A method of the capacitor soft-start was introduced, and a simulation was constructed to verify the validity of the method.
The control of current tracking is another key technology of active power filters, whose performance directly affects the filtering effect of the filter. Based on the mathematical description of the main circuit, two kinds of current tracing methods based on voltage space vector were introduced, and some simulations were constucted to verify the validity of the methods.
谐波电流检测是有源电力滤波器的关键技术之一,本文介绍了三种简单、有效的谐波电流检测方法,包括基于瞬时无功理论的谐波电流检测方法、基于FBD法的谐波电流检测方法、基于滑动傅里叶变换的谐波电流检测方法。并通过仿真来验证三种检测方法的有效性。
有源电力滤波器主电路参数的选择,很大程度上影响有源电力滤波器的性能。在分析了各个参数对有源滤波器性能影响的关系基础上,研究了主电路参数选择的方法。直流侧电容电压保持恒定是有源电力滤波器正常工作的基础,所以本文研究了控制电容电压保持恒定的方法。本文还提出了一种电容软起动方案,并针对其有效性进行了仿真验证。
电流跟踪控制是有源电力滤波器的另一项关键技术,电流跟踪控制的性能直接影响滤波器的滤波效果。在建立主电路数学描述的基础上,介绍了基于电压空间矢量的两种电流跟踪控制方式。并通过仿真对电流跟踪控制方式有效性进行了验证。
As long as the wide use of power electronic device, more and more people pay attentions to the harmonic pollution. Active power filter will be one of the most important approaches to improve the power quality. But active power filter has not reached the mature stage in the domestic applications, and there are many problems to be studied and solved. Compared with passive power filter, active power filter still stay in less important position in actual application. For this purpose, some key technologies were researched, including harmonic current detection, the current tracking control, the inverter DC side capacitor voltage control and the selection of the main circuit parameters. The study was mainly aimed at shunt three-phase three-wire active power filter.
Harmonic current detection is one of the key technologies of active power filter. Three kinds of simple and effective detecting methods were introduced, including: the detection method based on instantaneous reactive theory, the detection method based on the FBD theory, the. detection method based on the sliding Fourier transform. Simulations were constructed to verify the validity of the three kinds of detection methods.
The parameters of active power filter main circuit, to a great extent, affect the performance of active power filter. Based on the analysis of relation between the parameters and the performance, the methods of the parameters' selection were researched. It is the base that the voltage of the capacitor was maintained constant, so the method to maintain the voltage constant was researched too. A method of the capacitor soft-start was introduced, and a simulation was constructed to verify the validity of the method.
The control of current tracking is another key technology of active power filters, whose performance directly affects the filtering effect of the filter. Based on the mathematical description of the main circuit, two kinds of current tracing methods based on voltage space vector were introduced, and some simulations were constucted to verify the validity of the methods.
引文
[1]赵小英.基于DSP芯片的有源电力滤波器数字控制系统研究.中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文.2005:1页
[2]Sutherland P E.Harmonic measurements in industrial power system.IEEE Trans on IA,1995,31(1):175-183P
[3]顾建军,徐殿国,刘汉奎,公茂忠.有源滤波技术现状及其发展.电机与控制学报.2003,7(2):126-131页
[4]曾江,刁勤华,倪以信,陈寿孙,张宝霖.基于最优电压矢量的有源滤波器电流控制新方法.电力系统自动化.2000,24(6):25-31页
[5]田大强,蒋平,唐国庆.空间矢量可控制在有源电力滤波器中的研究.电力电子技术.2003,37(4):1-3页
[6]罗安.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备.中国电力出版社.2006:1页
[7]范瑞祥.并联混合型有源电力滤波器的理论与应用研究.湖南大学博士学位论文.2007:5页
[8]刘凯,李明勇.多相整流谐波抑制技术.船电技术.2005,3:26-29页
[9]朱东柏,刘骥.电力有源滤波及无功补偿装置的研究.电机与控制学报.2000,34(3):3-6页
[10]许加柱.新型换流变压器及其滤波系统的理论研究与应用研究.湖南大学博士学位论文.2007:8页
[11]曹彬,蒋晓华.超导储能在改善电能质量方面的应用.科技导报.2008,26(1):47-52页
[12]L.Benchaita,S.Saagate,A.Salernnia.A comparison of voltage source andcurrent source shunt active filter by simulation and experimentation.IEEE Transactions Power System,1999,14(2):642-647P
[13]姜齐荣,赵东元,陈建业.有源电力滤波器结构原理控制.科学出版社.2005:28-35页
[14]FUKUDA S.,ENDOH T.Control method for a combined active filter systememploying a current source converter and a high pass filter.IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1995,31(3):590-597P
[15]李建林,叶剑利,张仲超.一种新型的载波相移SPWM电流型电力有源滤波器.电气传动.2003,33(5):25-27页
[16]张代润,李开禄.电压变流器式有源滤波器分析.电工技术.1998,(2):4-10页
[17]Peng F.Z.,Agagi H.,Nabae A.A study of active power filters using quad seriesvoltage source PWM converters for harmonic compensation.IEEE Transactionson Power Electronics.1990,5(1):9-15P
[18]张兴,张崇巍.PWM可逆变流器空间电压矢量控制技术的研究.中国电机工程学报.2001,21(10):102-105页
[19]蒋祖立,陈冲,许思猛.空间矢量PWM在有源电力滤波器中的应用.电气应用.2007,26(10):55页
[20]A Akagi H,Navae A.Generalized theory of the instantaneous reactive power in three-phase circuits.IEEE & JIEE.Proceeding IPEC.Tokyo:IEE.1983:1375-1386P
[21]王兆安,杨君,刘进军,王跃.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿,第二版.机械工业出版社.2006:220-229,234页
[22]李民,王兆安,卓放.基于瞬时无功功率理论的高次谐波和无功功率检测.电力电子技术.1992,2:14-17页
[23]杨君,王兆安.三相电路谐波电流检测两种检测方法的对比研究.电工技术学报.1995,2:43-48页
[24]杨君,王兆安,邱关远.不低成三相电路谐波及基波负序电流实时检测方法的研究.西安交通大学学报.1996,30(3):94-100页
[25]Depenbrock M.The.FBD-method,a generally application tool for analyzingpower relations.IEEE Transactions on Power System,1993,8(2):381-387P
[26]Depenbrock M.,Staudt V.The FBD-method as tool for compensating totalnon-active currents.Proceedings of IEEE ICHQP..Athens,Greece,1998.320-324P
[27]孙卓,姜新建,朱东起.FBD法及其在牵引供电系统中的应用.清华大学 学报(自然科学版).2003,43(3):361-365页
[28]孙卓,姜新建,朱东起.电气化铁路中谐波、无功、负序电流的实时检测方法.电力系统自动化.2003,27(15):53-57页
[29]陈峻岭,姜新建,孙卓等.基于FBD法的三相电力系统电流检测方法的应用.电力系统自动化.2004,28(24):23-27页
[30]郭自勇.有源电力滤波器检测与控制技术的研究及应用.湖南大学博士学位论文.2007:14-20页
[31]周柯,罗安,彭剑.基于滑窗迭代DFT的电力谐波检测.华北电力大学学报.2006,33(3):27-30页
[32]E.Jacobsen,R.Lyons.The sliding DFT.Signal Processing Magazine,IEEE,2003,20(2):74-80P
[33]K.E Soza(?)ski,P.Scze(?)niak.Algorytm sterowania r(?)wnoleglym filtrem aktywnym z zastosowaniem filtracji typu sliding DFT.Przeglad Elektrotechniczny.,2004,6:628-631P
[34]K.P.Soza(?)ski.Sliding DFT Control Algorithm for Three-Phase Active Power Filter IEEE.2006:1223-1229P
[35]陈仲.并联有源电力滤波器实用关键技术的研究.浙江大学博士论文.2005:63-84页
[36]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.机械工业出版社.1998:40-45页
[37]高大威.电力系统谐波、无功和负序电流综合补偿的研究.华北电力大学博士学位论文.2001:85-86页
[38]陈宇,刘会金,李琼林.有源滤波器直流侧电压控制方法研究.电气应用.2006,25(7):80页
[39]耿攀,戴珂,方昕等.大容量并联型有源电力滤波器的软启动技术.通信电源技术.2006,23(1):12-15页
[40]张东,吕征宇,陈国柱.并联有源电力滤波器直流侧电容电压控制.电力电子技术.2007,41(10):78页
[41]谭甜源,姜齐荣,季建辉,乐健.并联型有源电力滤波器的安全保护系统设计.电力系统自动化.2007,31(12):81-85页
[42]周卫平,吴正国,夏立,刘建宝.基于DSP和滑模变结构控制的三相三线有源电力滤波器.电机与控制学报.2006,10(2):130-133页
[43]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制.机械工业出版社.2003:251页
[44]粟梅,王莉娜,张泰山,罗安.基于自适应滤波器的电网谐波电流预测法.控制与决策.2004,19(12):1429-1432页
[2]Sutherland P E.Harmonic measurements in industrial power system.IEEE Trans on IA,1995,31(1):175-183P
[3]顾建军,徐殿国,刘汉奎,公茂忠.有源滤波技术现状及其发展.电机与控制学报.2003,7(2):126-131页
[4]曾江,刁勤华,倪以信,陈寿孙,张宝霖.基于最优电压矢量的有源滤波器电流控制新方法.电力系统自动化.2000,24(6):25-31页
[5]田大强,蒋平,唐国庆.空间矢量可控制在有源电力滤波器中的研究.电力电子技术.2003,37(4):1-3页
[6]罗安.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备.中国电力出版社.2006:1页
[7]范瑞祥.并联混合型有源电力滤波器的理论与应用研究.湖南大学博士学位论文.2007:5页
[8]刘凯,李明勇.多相整流谐波抑制技术.船电技术.2005,3:26-29页
[9]朱东柏,刘骥.电力有源滤波及无功补偿装置的研究.电机与控制学报.2000,34(3):3-6页
[10]许加柱.新型换流变压器及其滤波系统的理论研究与应用研究.湖南大学博士学位论文.2007:8页
[11]曹彬,蒋晓华.超导储能在改善电能质量方面的应用.科技导报.2008,26(1):47-52页
[12]L.Benchaita,S.Saagate,A.Salernnia.A comparison of voltage source andcurrent source shunt active filter by simulation and experimentation.IEEE Transactions Power System,1999,14(2):642-647P
[13]姜齐荣,赵东元,陈建业.有源电力滤波器结构原理控制.科学出版社.2005:28-35页
[14]FUKUDA S.,ENDOH T.Control method for a combined active filter systememploying a current source converter and a high pass filter.IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1995,31(3):590-597P
[15]李建林,叶剑利,张仲超.一种新型的载波相移SPWM电流型电力有源滤波器.电气传动.2003,33(5):25-27页
[16]张代润,李开禄.电压变流器式有源滤波器分析.电工技术.1998,(2):4-10页
[17]Peng F.Z.,Agagi H.,Nabae A.A study of active power filters using quad seriesvoltage source PWM converters for harmonic compensation.IEEE Transactionson Power Electronics.1990,5(1):9-15P
[18]张兴,张崇巍.PWM可逆变流器空间电压矢量控制技术的研究.中国电机工程学报.2001,21(10):102-105页
[19]蒋祖立,陈冲,许思猛.空间矢量PWM在有源电力滤波器中的应用.电气应用.2007,26(10):55页
[20]A Akagi H,Navae A.Generalized theory of the instantaneous reactive power in three-phase circuits.IEEE & JIEE.Proceeding IPEC.Tokyo:IEE.1983:1375-1386P
[21]王兆安,杨君,刘进军,王跃.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿,第二版.机械工业出版社.2006:220-229,234页
[22]李民,王兆安,卓放.基于瞬时无功功率理论的高次谐波和无功功率检测.电力电子技术.1992,2:14-17页
[23]杨君,王兆安.三相电路谐波电流检测两种检测方法的对比研究.电工技术学报.1995,2:43-48页
[24]杨君,王兆安,邱关远.不低成三相电路谐波及基波负序电流实时检测方法的研究.西安交通大学学报.1996,30(3):94-100页
[25]Depenbrock M.The.FBD-method,a generally application tool for analyzingpower relations.IEEE Transactions on Power System,1993,8(2):381-387P
[26]Depenbrock M.,Staudt V.The FBD-method as tool for compensating totalnon-active currents.Proceedings of IEEE ICHQP..Athens,Greece,1998.320-324P
[27]孙卓,姜新建,朱东起.FBD法及其在牵引供电系统中的应用.清华大学 学报(自然科学版).2003,43(3):361-365页
[28]孙卓,姜新建,朱东起.电气化铁路中谐波、无功、负序电流的实时检测方法.电力系统自动化.2003,27(15):53-57页
[29]陈峻岭,姜新建,孙卓等.基于FBD法的三相电力系统电流检测方法的应用.电力系统自动化.2004,28(24):23-27页
[30]郭自勇.有源电力滤波器检测与控制技术的研究及应用.湖南大学博士学位论文.2007:14-20页
[31]周柯,罗安,彭剑.基于滑窗迭代DFT的电力谐波检测.华北电力大学学报.2006,33(3):27-30页
[32]E.Jacobsen,R.Lyons.The sliding DFT.Signal Processing Magazine,IEEE,2003,20(2):74-80P
[33]K.E Soza(?)ski,P.Scze(?)niak.Algorytm sterowania r(?)wnoleglym filtrem aktywnym z zastosowaniem filtracji typu sliding DFT.Przeglad Elektrotechniczny.,2004,6:628-631P
[34]K.P.Soza(?)ski.Sliding DFT Control Algorithm for Three-Phase Active Power Filter IEEE.2006:1223-1229P
[35]陈仲.并联有源电力滤波器实用关键技术的研究.浙江大学博士论文.2005:63-84页
[36]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.机械工业出版社.1998:40-45页
[37]高大威.电力系统谐波、无功和负序电流综合补偿的研究.华北电力大学博士学位论文.2001:85-86页
[38]陈宇,刘会金,李琼林.有源滤波器直流侧电压控制方法研究.电气应用.2006,25(7):80页
[39]耿攀,戴珂,方昕等.大容量并联型有源电力滤波器的软启动技术.通信电源技术.2006,23(1):12-15页
[40]张东,吕征宇,陈国柱.并联有源电力滤波器直流侧电容电压控制.电力电子技术.2007,41(10):78页
[41]谭甜源,姜齐荣,季建辉,乐健.并联型有源电力滤波器的安全保护系统设计.电力系统自动化.2007,31(12):81-85页
[42]周卫平,吴正国,夏立,刘建宝.基于DSP和滑模变结构控制的三相三线有源电力滤波器.电机与控制学报.2006,10(2):130-133页
[43]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制.机械工业出版社.2003:251页
[44]粟梅,王莉娜,张泰山,罗安.基于自适应滤波器的电网谐波电流预测法.控制与决策.2004,19(12):1429-1432页