聚驱及三元驱注入井洗井返出液回收利用技术研究
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摘要
本文针对杏北油田目前聚驱、三元驱洗井返出液外排带来设备、环保方面的问题,提出了解决办法,从2008年开展了聚驱及三元驱注入井洗井返出液回收利用技术研究。杏北油田目前共有聚驱、三元驱注入井803口,随着三次采油规模逐年扩大,注入困难井越来越多,对注入井定期洗井可以有效缓解注入困难现象,但洗井产生的大量返出液处理难度很大,进入污水处理系统处理对水质的质量影响较大,并影响污水处理系统的正常运转。而且分离出的聚合物无法固化并且有毒污染环境,深埋会对土壤产生污染和影响,使采油矿不能大规模洗井,造成了环境污染,严重影响着油田聚驱和三元复合驱开发效果。
本文首先论证了返出液回注调剖工艺的可行性,通过对返出液基本性能测定和成份分析,确定了返出液粘度、悬浮物含量、含油量及粒度、聚合物浓度、聚合物分子量及矿化度；通过对洗井返出液PH值及细菌含量化验,分析了洗井返出液与地层配伍性问题；通过跟踪洗井现场试验,确定了合理的洗井周期及单井洗井液量,最终确定了年洗井返出液回注总量。
为了保证回注调剖效果,更加有效的利用洗井返出液资源,又进行了室内洗井返出液凝胶体系配方优选实验。主要选择目前油田广泛应用的有机铝调剖体系、改性有机铬调剖体系、聚多元醇调剖体系和有机脂调剖体系等进行优选评价,通过对缓速增效剂、无机还原剂浓度、PH值、交联剂浓度、温度等因素对交联体系的影响,优选出了适合返出液体系的交联剂配方,此外,还对优选的交联剂体系进行了人造岩心的物模驱油实验。
2008年开始,通过三年的努力,我们研究出了适合杏北油田的改性的有机铬交联体系配方,该配方由有机络合缓速增效剂、无机铬氧化剂和无机还原剂组成,具有凝胶时间短强度高的特点。通过有机铬交联剂,将加入返出液中再利用返出液回注地层,起到了调剖封堵大孔道,改善注入剖面、提高注入能力、增加产油量的目的,同时也起到了减少环境污染的目的。目前该成果共完成洗井返出液回注现场试验8口井,累计处理洗井返出液46630m3,回注调剖井的单层启动压力提高了1.3MPa；吸水剖面得到改善,增加了波及面积,提高了其中低渗透层的动用程度；16口油井连通受效,平均单井日增油0.4t,调剖有效12个月,累计增油达到2304t。
This article is amed at the problem of the equipment and environmental protection, that is what the returning fluid of polymer driving and three kinds compound driving injection wells in XINGBEI oil field result in. From 2008 on, we develop the research on the technology of recycling use of the returning fluid of polymer driving and three kinds compound driving injection wells. There are 803 polymer driving and three kinds compound driving injection wells in XINGBEI oil field now and the difficulties of injection wells are increasing with the development of oil recovery technique. Periodical well washing can solve the problem,but the returning fluid is difficult to deal with because polymer and three kinds compound greatly influence the sewage treatment system and affects sewage treatment system's normal work. Moreover separated polymer is unable to solidify, and buring the virulent pollution of the environment will pollute and affect the soil and cause the environmental pollution. It also will influence the development of polymer driving and three kinds compound driving oil field.
This article first proved the feasibility of returning those washing injection well fluid.We analyzed ingredient of returning fluid of washing injection wells and determined the fluid viscosity, the suspension content, the content of oil,the granularity, the polymer density, the polymericular weight and the salinity.We assayed the returning fluid PH value and the bacterial content through chemical examination, analyzed chemical compatibility between the returning fluid and the stratum. We also determined the reasonable washing period of injection wells and appropriate water volume per single washed well,and had determined finally the annual the total quantity.
In order to guarantee the effect of returning fluid to wells and more effectively using the returning fluid of washing injection wells,we also carried on indoor experiment on the returning fluid gelatin system. We chiefly chose widespreadly used organic aluminum profile control system,the modified organic chromium profile control system, polyols polymer profile control system and the organic fat profile control system and so on.Though analyzing all kinds of influencing factor,such as slowing synergist, inorganic reducing agent density, PH value, crosslinking agent density, temperature and so on,we chose the best crosslinking agent.Moreover we carried on driving oil experiment in a artifical core model by using of the chosed profile control system.
We began the research on 2008 and work out the best organic chromium crosslinking agent system during three years,which is made up of organical chromium slowing synergist and the inorganic oxidant and the inorganic reducing agent and possesses the characteristic of the short gelatin time and high intensity. We joined the organic chromium crosslinking agent to the returning fluid and returned them to stratum again. Those crosslinking agent will jam those big pores in stratum and improve injection section and water absorbing ability and increase the oil outpu and reduce environmental pollution.We performed the experiment in 8 injection wells.By using these techniques,we disposed 46630 stere returning fluid and increased the injection well press to 1.3 Mpa and improved injection section and increased spreaded square meter and enhanced the used degree of other low filter layers.There are 16 oil wells which received the effect. The average output of the single well in every day have increased 0.4t and the effective time continued 12 months and the accumulated increase oil output have achieved 2304t.
本文首先论证了返出液回注调剖工艺的可行性,通过对返出液基本性能测定和成份分析,确定了返出液粘度、悬浮物含量、含油量及粒度、聚合物浓度、聚合物分子量及矿化度；通过对洗井返出液PH值及细菌含量化验,分析了洗井返出液与地层配伍性问题；通过跟踪洗井现场试验,确定了合理的洗井周期及单井洗井液量,最终确定了年洗井返出液回注总量。
为了保证回注调剖效果,更加有效的利用洗井返出液资源,又进行了室内洗井返出液凝胶体系配方优选实验。主要选择目前油田广泛应用的有机铝调剖体系、改性有机铬调剖体系、聚多元醇调剖体系和有机脂调剖体系等进行优选评价,通过对缓速增效剂、无机还原剂浓度、PH值、交联剂浓度、温度等因素对交联体系的影响,优选出了适合返出液体系的交联剂配方,此外,还对优选的交联剂体系进行了人造岩心的物模驱油实验。
2008年开始,通过三年的努力,我们研究出了适合杏北油田的改性的有机铬交联体系配方,该配方由有机络合缓速增效剂、无机铬氧化剂和无机还原剂组成,具有凝胶时间短强度高的特点。通过有机铬交联剂,将加入返出液中再利用返出液回注地层,起到了调剖封堵大孔道,改善注入剖面、提高注入能力、增加产油量的目的,同时也起到了减少环境污染的目的。目前该成果共完成洗井返出液回注现场试验8口井,累计处理洗井返出液46630m3,回注调剖井的单层启动压力提高了1.3MPa；吸水剖面得到改善,增加了波及面积,提高了其中低渗透层的动用程度；16口油井连通受效,平均单井日增油0.4t,调剖有效12个月,累计增油达到2304t。
This article is amed at the problem of the equipment and environmental protection, that is what the returning fluid of polymer driving and three kinds compound driving injection wells in XINGBEI oil field result in. From 2008 on, we develop the research on the technology of recycling use of the returning fluid of polymer driving and three kinds compound driving injection wells. There are 803 polymer driving and three kinds compound driving injection wells in XINGBEI oil field now and the difficulties of injection wells are increasing with the development of oil recovery technique. Periodical well washing can solve the problem,but the returning fluid is difficult to deal with because polymer and three kinds compound greatly influence the sewage treatment system and affects sewage treatment system's normal work. Moreover separated polymer is unable to solidify, and buring the virulent pollution of the environment will pollute and affect the soil and cause the environmental pollution. It also will influence the development of polymer driving and three kinds compound driving oil field.
This article first proved the feasibility of returning those washing injection well fluid.We analyzed ingredient of returning fluid of washing injection wells and determined the fluid viscosity, the suspension content, the content of oil,the granularity, the polymer density, the polymericular weight and the salinity.We assayed the returning fluid PH value and the bacterial content through chemical examination, analyzed chemical compatibility between the returning fluid and the stratum. We also determined the reasonable washing period of injection wells and appropriate water volume per single washed well,and had determined finally the annual the total quantity.
In order to guarantee the effect of returning fluid to wells and more effectively using the returning fluid of washing injection wells,we also carried on indoor experiment on the returning fluid gelatin system. We chiefly chose widespreadly used organic aluminum profile control system,the modified organic chromium profile control system, polyols polymer profile control system and the organic fat profile control system and so on.Though analyzing all kinds of influencing factor,such as slowing synergist, inorganic reducing agent density, PH value, crosslinking agent density, temperature and so on,we chose the best crosslinking agent.Moreover we carried on driving oil experiment in a artifical core model by using of the chosed profile control system.
We began the research on 2008 and work out the best organic chromium crosslinking agent system during three years,which is made up of organical chromium slowing synergist and the inorganic oxidant and the inorganic reducing agent and possesses the characteristic of the short gelatin time and high intensity. We joined the organic chromium crosslinking agent to the returning fluid and returned them to stratum again. Those crosslinking agent will jam those big pores in stratum and improve injection section and water absorbing ability and increase the oil outpu and reduce environmental pollution.We performed the experiment in 8 injection wells.By using these techniques,we disposed 46630 stere returning fluid and increased the injection well press to 1.3 Mpa and improved injection section and increased spreaded square meter and enhanced the used degree of other low filter layers.There are 16 oil wells which received the effect. The average output of the single well in every day have increased 0.4t and the effective time continued 12 months and the accumulated increase oil output have achieved 2304t.
引文
[1]柴凤忠,张玉华等,聚驱分层注入工艺技术研究[J],油气田地面工程,2004(11)
[2]陈霆,聚驱后预交联驱微观特征研究[J],内肛科技,2008(11)
[3]董家梅,尹仲松,孙绪新,油田交联剂注入设备腐蚀机理研究[J],石油机械,2003(01)
[4]范铁成等,聚合物驱调剖交联剂中铬的测定[J],油气田地面工程,2004(11)
[5]高志勇等,深部调剖高效延缓交联剂的研究与评价,石油钻采工艺[J],2002(05)
[6]高恒达,利用聚驱后地层残留聚合物封堵大孔道,油气田地面工程[J],2007(01)
[7]郭松林,哈萨克斯坦盐上油藏聚驱前调剖方法研究[J],油田化学,2010(03)
[8]贺伦斌等,注水井洗井过程中固液两相流规律及参数优化(C),科技天地,2008(06)
[9]郝宇飞等,A-C复合交联剂的合成及其应用[J],地质科技情报,2010(01)
[10]李永太等,深部调驱用弱凝胶有机铬交联剂的合成与性能[J],西南石油学院学报,2003(12)
[11]罗庆等污水稀释抗盐聚合物体系现场应用技术[J],油气田地面工程,2004(07)
[12]兰乘露,创新洗井方式方法,提高油田注水质量[J],科技论坛,2005(04)
[13]李庆龙,有机铬交联剂的制备[J],油气田地面工程,2008(06)
[14]李明,林文彬,水井洗井技术的探讨[J],西部探矿工程,2008(08)
[15]李杰训等,聚合物驱油地面工程技术[M],石油工业出版社,2008(10)
[16]刘培培等,复合型高温交联剂WLX-1及其凝胶体系的研究[J],精细石油化工进展,2009(11)
[17]李鹏华等,多段塞平行聚能提高聚合物驱后采收率实验研究[J],石油学报2010(01)
[18]刘冬妮,罗跃,堵水调剖用交联剂微胶囊的制备[J],精细石油化工进展,2010(01)
[19]马骥等,交联剂对聚合物/液晶光栅的影响[J],液晶与显示,2010(03)
[20]牛金刚等,油田产出污水配制聚合物实验研究[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2001(02)
[21]彭利等高盐油藏复合交联剂弱凝胶体系成胶动态研究与应用[J],应用技术,2010(03)
[22]苏延昌等,污水配制聚合物研究[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2003(06)
[23]孙连环等,LJ-C有机硼交联剂的研究与应用[J],石油钻采工艺2003(08)
[24]孙灵辉等,低碱三元复合体系用于聚驱后进一步提高采收率[J],油田化学,2006(03)
[25]孙民笃,聚驱后多元注入体系提高采收率实验研究[D],北京：中国石油大学石油工程学院,2009
[26]孙超蒲,万芬,聚驱后自生泡沫复合驱原油采收率研究[J],重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2010(08)
[27]王英威等,大庆油田杏北开发区聚驱增油高效期预测[J],大庆石油学院报,2008(04)
[28]姚惠,张中健,含油污水配注聚合物应用研究[J],油气田地面工程,2007(05)
[29]于丽,孙焕泉等,聚驱后SDCM□1/聚合物二元复合体系提高采收率研究[J],油田化学,2007(12)
[30]于丽,孙焕泉等,用于注聚驱后的含有中强缓冲碱三元复合体系研究[J],山东大学学报(理学版),2008(03)
[31]郑延成等,深部调剖驱油交联剂的研究[J],精细石油化工进展,2003(08)
[32]张艳琴,邹远北等,有机铬交联剂部分水解聚丙烯酰胺凝胶深部调剖试验[J],江汉石油学院学报,2003(06)
[33]周高宁等,深部调剖高效延缓用有机复合交联剂的研究[J],天津化工,2007(11)
[2]陈霆,聚驱后预交联驱微观特征研究[J],内肛科技,2008(11)
[3]董家梅,尹仲松,孙绪新,油田交联剂注入设备腐蚀机理研究[J],石油机械,2003(01)
[4]范铁成等,聚合物驱调剖交联剂中铬的测定[J],油气田地面工程,2004(11)
[5]高志勇等,深部调剖高效延缓交联剂的研究与评价,石油钻采工艺[J],2002(05)
[6]高恒达,利用聚驱后地层残留聚合物封堵大孔道,油气田地面工程[J],2007(01)
[7]郭松林,哈萨克斯坦盐上油藏聚驱前调剖方法研究[J],油田化学,2010(03)
[8]贺伦斌等,注水井洗井过程中固液两相流规律及参数优化(C),科技天地,2008(06)
[9]郝宇飞等,A-C复合交联剂的合成及其应用[J],地质科技情报,2010(01)
[10]李永太等,深部调驱用弱凝胶有机铬交联剂的合成与性能[J],西南石油学院学报,2003(12)
[11]罗庆等污水稀释抗盐聚合物体系现场应用技术[J],油气田地面工程,2004(07)
[12]兰乘露,创新洗井方式方法,提高油田注水质量[J],科技论坛,2005(04)
[13]李庆龙,有机铬交联剂的制备[J],油气田地面工程,2008(06)
[14]李明,林文彬,水井洗井技术的探讨[J],西部探矿工程,2008(08)
[15]李杰训等,聚合物驱油地面工程技术[M],石油工业出版社,2008(10)
[16]刘培培等,复合型高温交联剂WLX-1及其凝胶体系的研究[J],精细石油化工进展,2009(11)
[17]李鹏华等,多段塞平行聚能提高聚合物驱后采收率实验研究[J],石油学报2010(01)
[18]刘冬妮,罗跃,堵水调剖用交联剂微胶囊的制备[J],精细石油化工进展,2010(01)
[19]马骥等,交联剂对聚合物/液晶光栅的影响[J],液晶与显示,2010(03)
[20]牛金刚等,油田产出污水配制聚合物实验研究[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2001(02)
[21]彭利等高盐油藏复合交联剂弱凝胶体系成胶动态研究与应用[J],应用技术,2010(03)
[22]苏延昌等,污水配制聚合物研究[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2003(06)
[23]孙连环等,LJ-C有机硼交联剂的研究与应用[J],石油钻采工艺2003(08)
[24]孙灵辉等,低碱三元复合体系用于聚驱后进一步提高采收率[J],油田化学,2006(03)
[25]孙民笃,聚驱后多元注入体系提高采收率实验研究[D],北京：中国石油大学石油工程学院,2009
[26]孙超蒲,万芬,聚驱后自生泡沫复合驱原油采收率研究[J],重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2010(08)
[27]王英威等,大庆油田杏北开发区聚驱增油高效期预测[J],大庆石油学院报,2008(04)
[28]姚惠,张中健,含油污水配注聚合物应用研究[J],油气田地面工程,2007(05)
[29]于丽,孙焕泉等,聚驱后SDCM□1/聚合物二元复合体系提高采收率研究[J],油田化学,2007(12)
[30]于丽,孙焕泉等,用于注聚驱后的含有中强缓冲碱三元复合体系研究[J],山东大学学报(理学版),2008(03)
[31]郑延成等,深部调剖驱油交联剂的研究[J],精细石油化工进展,2003(08)
[32]张艳琴,邹远北等,有机铬交联剂部分水解聚丙烯酰胺凝胶深部调剖试验[J],江汉石油学院学报,2003(06)
[33]周高宁等,深部调剖高效延缓用有机复合交联剂的研究[J],天津化工,2007(11)