中国北方蝎目区系分类及部分种形态差异研究（螯肢亚门：蛛形纲）
摘要
本文首次对中国北方蝎目进行了较全面而系统的研究,北方蝎目只分布有钳蝎科的种类,因此内容包括以下三部分：
1概论：详细介绍了蝎目中钳蝎科的分类概况、形态特征、研究简史、生物学及历史生物地理等,并简要说明了中国北方的自然地理概况,综述了形态统计学的发展和运用。
2物种鉴定及区系分析：对中国北方79个县、市级采集点近2500号蝎目标本进行鉴定、整理,共记录北方蝎目1科4属10种和亚种,其中包括正钳蝎属Mesobuthus 2新种：北疆正钳蝎M. beijiangensis sp. nov.和南疆正钳蝎M. nanjiangensis sp.nov.。首次运用现代分类特征重新描述和图示了3老种,其中包括重要经济种类条纹正钳蝎；对中国北方蝎目区系特点进行分析,得知中国北方蝎目区系以古北界成分为主,新疆维吾尔自治区是蒙新区特有种集中的区域。
3形态差异性分析：运用统计学方法(Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验、主成分分析和聚类分析)分别对马氏正钳蝎和条纹正钳蝎共622号标本的24项测量值组成的15项比值进行了形态差异分析,结果显示尽管马氏正钳蝎和条纹正钳蝎形态比值变化较大,但都尚属于种内差异,为进一步研究此二种经济动物的药用价值提供依据。
所有标本包括模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。
This dissertation deals with fauna and morphological variation studies on the Scorpiones of northern China. In northern China, there is only Buthidae, therefore, the entire work divided into the three parts of conclusions as follows:
1 The general account introduces status of classification, morphological characters, phylogenetic research, biology and biogeography of Buthidae; the natural geography information about northern China; the development and applyment of morphological statistical analysis.
2 Identification of species and analysis of fauna in northern China were done. About 2500 specimens were collected from 79 counties in northern China, and identification, descriptions and illustrations were obtained by examining all these specimens.10 species and subspecies which have been known to northern China belong to 4 genera and 1 family. Two new species, belonging to the genus Mesobuthus, were descriped and three known species were redescribed using mordern identification characters for the first time, including the very important economic species Mesobuthus eupeus;and the faunistic characters on Scorpiones from northern China were discussed, with the results that:the Palaearctic components are dominant, and the endemic species of Mongolia-Xinjiang are concentrated in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
3 Analyses of morphological variation about two species Mesobuthus martensii and Mesobuthus eupeus were studied using statistical methods.15 ratios were got after measuring 24 characters among 622 specimens, which were used in the analyses. The result is that:the intraspecies morphological variations in Mesobuthus martensii and Mesobuthus eupeus are not large, morphological variations are under the species level.
All the specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University (MHBU).
1概论：详细介绍了蝎目中钳蝎科的分类概况、形态特征、研究简史、生物学及历史生物地理等,并简要说明了中国北方的自然地理概况,综述了形态统计学的发展和运用。
2物种鉴定及区系分析：对中国北方79个县、市级采集点近2500号蝎目标本进行鉴定、整理,共记录北方蝎目1科4属10种和亚种,其中包括正钳蝎属Mesobuthus 2新种：北疆正钳蝎M. beijiangensis sp. nov.和南疆正钳蝎M. nanjiangensis sp.nov.。首次运用现代分类特征重新描述和图示了3老种,其中包括重要经济种类条纹正钳蝎；对中国北方蝎目区系特点进行分析,得知中国北方蝎目区系以古北界成分为主,新疆维吾尔自治区是蒙新区特有种集中的区域。
3形态差异性分析：运用统计学方法(Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验、主成分分析和聚类分析)分别对马氏正钳蝎和条纹正钳蝎共622号标本的24项测量值组成的15项比值进行了形态差异分析,结果显示尽管马氏正钳蝎和条纹正钳蝎形态比值变化较大,但都尚属于种内差异,为进一步研究此二种经济动物的药用价值提供依据。
所有标本包括模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。
This dissertation deals with fauna and morphological variation studies on the Scorpiones of northern China. In northern China, there is only Buthidae, therefore, the entire work divided into the three parts of conclusions as follows:
1 The general account introduces status of classification, morphological characters, phylogenetic research, biology and biogeography of Buthidae; the natural geography information about northern China; the development and applyment of morphological statistical analysis.
2 Identification of species and analysis of fauna in northern China were done. About 2500 specimens were collected from 79 counties in northern China, and identification, descriptions and illustrations were obtained by examining all these specimens.10 species and subspecies which have been known to northern China belong to 4 genera and 1 family. Two new species, belonging to the genus Mesobuthus, were descriped and three known species were redescribed using mordern identification characters for the first time, including the very important economic species Mesobuthus eupeus;and the faunistic characters on Scorpiones from northern China were discussed, with the results that:the Palaearctic components are dominant, and the endemic species of Mongolia-Xinjiang are concentrated in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
3 Analyses of morphological variation about two species Mesobuthus martensii and Mesobuthus eupeus were studied using statistical methods.15 ratios were got after measuring 24 characters among 622 specimens, which were used in the analyses. The result is that:the intraspecies morphological variations in Mesobuthus martensii and Mesobuthus eupeus are not large, morphological variations are under the species level.
All the specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University (MHBU).
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