机组性能计算模块化建模及实用化问题分析
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摘要
为了实现在线监测机组运行状况、合理调整运行参数和提高机组运行经济性,本论文以大型火电机组为研究对象,结合电厂的实际需求,全面分析了机组的主要运行参数和技术经济指标。在系统的实现上,构建准确的数学模型,运用工程模块化建模的方法建立热力系统性能计算模块,开发了一套热力系统在线性能分析系统。同时对性能计算面临的实用化问题进行了简要分析和解决方案的初步探讨,详细介绍了基于BP神经网络模型的数据预测和验证,简单的分析了性能计算的不确定性和可验证性。最后利用火电厂数据采集系统采集的机组实时运行数据对某电厂的全厂性能指标进行计算并给出结果展示,实现了性能指标的在线计算,对保证机组的安全经济运行起到了重要作用。
In order to realize the purpose of on-line monitoring the running state of power units, adjust the operation parameters rationally and increase the running performance, this paper selects large thermal power unit as the research object, combining with the actual need of thermal power plant, a comprehensive analysis of main operational parameters and technical economy indexes is put forward. As to the realization of the system, building an accurate mathematical model firstly, then using the modular modeling method to establish performance calculation module of thermal system, finally a set of on-line modular performance analysis system of power plant is developed. At the same time, giving the brief analysis and the solution of the preliminary discussion about the practical problems that performance calculation is facing, next introducing prediction and validation of the data based on BP neural network model in detail, then analyzing uncertainty and verifiability of the performance calculation simply. At last, taking advantage of thermal power plant data acquisition system to gain the real-time operating data, calculating all the performance parameters of some power unit and giving the results show. The system realized on-line calculation of performance parameters and played an important function in improving the operational economics and security.
In order to realize the purpose of on-line monitoring the running state of power units, adjust the operation parameters rationally and increase the running performance, this paper selects large thermal power unit as the research object, combining with the actual need of thermal power plant, a comprehensive analysis of main operational parameters and technical economy indexes is put forward. As to the realization of the system, building an accurate mathematical model firstly, then using the modular modeling method to establish performance calculation module of thermal system, finally a set of on-line modular performance analysis system of power plant is developed. At the same time, giving the brief analysis and the solution of the preliminary discussion about the practical problems that performance calculation is facing, next introducing prediction and validation of the data based on BP neural network model in detail, then analyzing uncertainty and verifiability of the performance calculation simply. At last, taking advantage of thermal power plant data acquisition system to gain the real-time operating data, calculating all the performance parameters of some power unit and giving the results show. The system realized on-line calculation of performance parameters and played an important function in improving the operational economics and security.
引文
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[2]许振宇.电站热力系统模块化在线性能分析模型研究：[硕士学位论文].华北电力大学,2006
[3]World Energy Outlook 2005. International Energy Agency
[4]2008年中国电力行业分析及投资咨询报告.中国能源网,2008.1.15
[5]郑体宽.热力发电厂.北京：电力工业出版社,1995
[6]林万超.火电厂热系统节能理论[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社,1994
[7]盛德仁,陈坚红.等效焓降法理论剖析与扩展.浙江大学学报(工版),2004,38(3)
[8]李勇等.等效热降法的改进计算方法.中国电机工程学报,2004(12)
[9]马芳礼.电厂热力系统节能分析原理.北京：水利电力出版社,1992
[10]J.Kenneth Salisbury. Steam Turbine and Their Cycle.1956
[11]陈海平.电厂热力系统热力单元矩阵分析法.动力工程,1999,19(1)：37～40
[12]闫水保,徐治皋.循环函数法的改进.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10)：39～42
[13]张春发.现行电力系统热经济性状态方程.工程热物理学报,2001(11)：665～667
[14]Zhang Chunfa. A Steam-Water Distribution Matrix Equation of the whole Thermal System. In: S.R.Pen-filed 1999 International Joint Generation Conference, U.S.A. ASME Power(C),1999:497～503.
[15]陈海平,刘吉臻,张春发,石维柱.火电机组辅助汽水系统定量分析的通用模型.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(12)：98～102
[16]胡华进,徐治皋.电站热力系统循环组合法及其矩阵模型.中国电机工程学报,1998,18(1)：12～15
[17]郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,陈海平.基于等效热降理论的热力系统热经济性矩阵分析方法及其应用.工程热物理学报,2004,25(5)：729～732
[18]郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,陈海平.火电厂热力系统热经济性矩阵分析方法.中国电机工程学报,2004,24(1)：206～210
[19]郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,陈海平.定热量等效热降法的数学基础及其矩阵分析模型.中国电机工程学报,2004,24(3)：210～215
[20]Valero, A., et al.. On the thermo economic approach to the diagnosis of energy system malfunctions:Part 1:the TADEUS problem. Energy,2004,29(12-15):1875～1887
[21]Valero, A., et al.. On the thermo economic approach to the diagnosis of energy system malfunctions:Part 2:Malfunction definitions and assessment. Energy,2004,29(12-15):
1889～1907
[22]Valero, A., et al.. Structural theory and thermo economic diagnosis:Part II:Application to an actual power plant. Energy Conversion and Management,2002,43(9-12):1519～1535
[23]马欣欣.火电厂优化运行软件的应用前景.中国电力,21(6)：41～44
[24]中国节能高层论坛.http://www.ChinaPower.com.cn.2004,11
[25]周克毅,邵爱菊,葛聪.国外电站性能监测与诊断概况.动力工程,1999,19(1)：58～63
[26]B.F. Wollenberg, T.Sakaguchi. Artificial Intelligence in Power System Operation, Proc. IEEE, Vol.75,No.12,1987
[27]Y.Tamural, etc. An International Survey of the Present Status and the Perspective of Expert System on Power System Analysis and Techniques.1998.3
[28]H.Tananka, etc. Research and Development on Expert System Applications to Power System in Japan. Electrical Power and Energy System, Vol.14,No.2,1992
[29]胡念苏.基于神经网络的汽轮机组热力系统运行监测与故障诊断的研究：[博士学位论文].武汉大学,2002.4
[30]陈丽丽,李蔚,盛德仁等.火电厂实时监控系统测量数据预测的研究进展[J].电站系统工程,2005,21(2)：1～4
[31]覃一宁.大型火力发电厂运行优化控制系统的研究与实现：[硕士学位论文].大连理工大学,2001.2
[32]刘长东.660MW机组监测与诊断技术的研究：[硕士学位论文].浙江大学,2004.2
[33]江浩.电站运行优化决策支持系统的研究：[博士学位论文].东南大学,2003.2
[34]毕政益.国内外火电机组运行优化在线管理系统的应用现状.能源研究与信息,2000,16(1)：12～17
[35]胡冰.大型再热汽轮机组滑压运行在线优化的研究：[硕士学位论文].西安交通大学,2003.3
[36]张春发,王惠杰等.火电厂单元机组最优运行初压的定量研究.中国电机工程学报,2006,26(4)：36～40
[37]张春发,张德成,张宝等.火电大机组热力系统、设备及运行节能在线监测及指导系统[J].汽轮机技术,2001,43(3)：129～132
[38]李蔚,任浩仁.300MW火电机组在线能耗分析系统的研制[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(11)：153～155
[39]Naimanov, O. S. Features of the selection of initial steam pressure of geothermal power stations with one and two evaporation stages[J]. Thermal Engineering, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 79-82,Feb,1986.
[40]Aminov.R., Chertykov. Choice of optimal stage of initial steam pressure in heat-generating power units. Tyazheloe Mashinostroenie[J], No.8,pp.18～19,Aug,1992.
[41]Toda, Hiromichi, Yamanaka. Planning and operation performance of 600 MW coal and oil dual-fired boiler for a supercritical sliding pressure operation[J]. Technical Review-Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Vol 22,No.3,pp.225-233,Oct,1985
[42]司风琪.电站性能在线监测中的数据检验和热力系统模型研究：[博士学位论文].东南大学,2001.3
[43]朱小良.大型火电机组热工测量数据诊断、融合和补偿：[博士学位论文].东南大学,2003.5
[44]袁桂丽,王田宏,史国青.运行优化系统OPTIPRO在电厂运行管理上的应用研究.中国电力,2004,37(9)：64～66
[45]洪波,杨自奋,钱文华.国内火电厂热力系统运行管理的研究.热能动力工程,1995,10(6)：349～354
[46]吕游,李巍.应用运行优化软件OPTIPRO进行运行管理的探讨和实践.内蒙古电力技术,2004,22(5)：35～38
[47]李蔚,刘长东,盛德仁等.国内火电厂运行优化系统的现状和发展方向.电站系统工程,2004,20(1)：59～61
[48]马传利,张树成,崔巨擎等.大型火电机组优化运行技术的研究.动力工程,2002,22(4)：1875～1878
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