基于Petri网分解技术的电网故障诊断建模技术研究
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摘要
Petri网凭借其描述异步并发和图形表示的突出能力成为了系统建模、行为分析的一个有力的工具，其应用也日趋广泛。然而，由其节点过多而引致的“状态空间爆炸”问题则一直是阻碍Petri网发展的瓶颈，尤其是在面对复杂而庞大的系统时，系统分析将会变得非常复杂。源于此，Petri网学者的工作重点之一就是要对Petri网进行有效化简，将Petri网分解为若干相对简单的子网。
电网故障诊断是电力系统自动化的重要内容之一。电网系统故障的产生、传播是一个典型的离散、并发、动态行为，非常适合将Petri网技术应用于其中，通过图形表示和关联矩阵进行模拟和计算。Petri网理论及其有关的技术在电网故障诊断领域中的应用还处在理论研究的阶段上，具有良好的发展前景。
本篇论文对Petri网的并分解技术及其有关性质进行了阐述，在并分解技术的基础上做了更进一步的探讨，依据并分解技术的定义提出一种新的分解方案。该方案可将一无环多输出的Petri网分解为多个单输出的子网，同时本文对该方案的正确性进行了证明。
为对该方案的实际应用进行验证，本文将Petri网于电网故障诊断系统中加以应用，对电网故障诊断系统建立Petri网模型，并运用提出的分解方案将得到的较为复杂的模型分解为几个较为简单的子网模型。本文以湘潭市某高职院校实训楼配电间的电网系统为例，设计该电网系统的Petri网模型，并对其实施分解。最后利用已有的PetriLab仿真平台进行仿真实验，将分解前后的模型加以对比分析。从而为Petri网应用于大型电网故障诊断提供一条思路，也从另一面来说明本文所提出的分解方案的应用方法及其有效性和实用性。
Petri Net, which can describe the asynchronous concurrent phenomenon and use graphsto represent, became a powerful tools for system modeling and behavior analysis.At the sametime,too many nodes result in the "state space explosion" problem.This problem is always thekey factor that bars Petri net’s development.Especially in the face of complex and hugesystem, the system analysis will become very complication.Therefore,one of the Petri netresearcher's work is to simplify the Petri nets effectively and decompose the Petri net modelintoseveral relatively simple subnet.
Fault diagnosis of power system is one of important stage of the electric power systemautomation.Production and propagation of power system's fault is dynamic behavior whichcharacterized with discrete and concurrent.Petri net can use the graphic representation andrelating matrix to simulation and calculation.The power system’s fault diagnosis basing onPetri net is still in the theory research phase and has a good prospect.
Petri net's union decomposition technology and relative properties are described in thispaper. On the basis of the technique, it puts forward a scheme of decompose that decomposethe net with no loop and multi-output into some single output subnets. And this paper givesthe oretical proving process of correctness of this scheme.
In order to validate the practical application of this scheme,this paper applies Petri Net inthe fault diagnosis of power system, and establishes a model for the fault diagnosis of powersystem basing on Petri net.Also,this paper decomposes the complex model into severalrelatively simple subnet models with this scheme.Taking the power system of powerdistribution room of a higher vocational college's building for training practice in xiangtancity as an example, this paper designs a Petri Net model for it and decompose it. Finally,experiment on the exsiting PetriLab simulation platform, and then，analyze and compare theresolve.Therefore it provides a feasible way for the large or complicated system’s faultdiagnosis and shows the validity and practicability of this decomposition scheme andapplication from another way.
电网故障诊断是电力系统自动化的重要内容之一。电网系统故障的产生、传播是一个典型的离散、并发、动态行为，非常适合将Petri网技术应用于其中，通过图形表示和关联矩阵进行模拟和计算。Petri网理论及其有关的技术在电网故障诊断领域中的应用还处在理论研究的阶段上，具有良好的发展前景。
本篇论文对Petri网的并分解技术及其有关性质进行了阐述，在并分解技术的基础上做了更进一步的探讨，依据并分解技术的定义提出一种新的分解方案。该方案可将一无环多输出的Petri网分解为多个单输出的子网，同时本文对该方案的正确性进行了证明。
为对该方案的实际应用进行验证，本文将Petri网于电网故障诊断系统中加以应用，对电网故障诊断系统建立Petri网模型，并运用提出的分解方案将得到的较为复杂的模型分解为几个较为简单的子网模型。本文以湘潭市某高职院校实训楼配电间的电网系统为例，设计该电网系统的Petri网模型，并对其实施分解。最后利用已有的PetriLab仿真平台进行仿真实验，将分解前后的模型加以对比分析。从而为Petri网应用于大型电网故障诊断提供一条思路，也从另一面来说明本文所提出的分解方案的应用方法及其有效性和实用性。
Petri Net, which can describe the asynchronous concurrent phenomenon and use graphsto represent, became a powerful tools for system modeling and behavior analysis.At the sametime,too many nodes result in the "state space explosion" problem.This problem is always thekey factor that bars Petri net’s development.Especially in the face of complex and hugesystem, the system analysis will become very complication.Therefore,one of the Petri netresearcher's work is to simplify the Petri nets effectively and decompose the Petri net modelintoseveral relatively simple subnet.
Fault diagnosis of power system is one of important stage of the electric power systemautomation.Production and propagation of power system's fault is dynamic behavior whichcharacterized with discrete and concurrent.Petri net can use the graphic representation andrelating matrix to simulation and calculation.The power system’s fault diagnosis basing onPetri net is still in the theory research phase and has a good prospect.
Petri net's union decomposition technology and relative properties are described in thispaper. On the basis of the technique, it puts forward a scheme of decompose that decomposethe net with no loop and multi-output into some single output subnets. And this paper givesthe oretical proving process of correctness of this scheme.
In order to validate the practical application of this scheme,this paper applies Petri Net inthe fault diagnosis of power system, and establishes a model for the fault diagnosis of powersystem basing on Petri net.Also,this paper decomposes the complex model into severalrelatively simple subnet models with this scheme.Taking the power system of powerdistribution room of a higher vocational college's building for training practice in xiangtancity as an example, this paper designs a Petri Net model for it and decompose it. Finally,experiment on the exsiting PetriLab simulation platform, and then，analyze and compare theresolve.Therefore it provides a feasible way for the large or complicated system’s faultdiagnosis and shows the validity and practicability of this decomposition scheme andapplication from another way.
引文
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[3]刘凤丽，韩维，江明月.基于Petri网的安全协议的分析[C]. Proceedings of 2010International Conference on Circuit and Signal Processing & 2010 Second IITAInternational Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence(2).2010:451-454
[4]原菊梅,侯朝桢,王小艺,等.考虑环境因素的分布式系统可靠性建模及其分析[J].控制与决策.2007,22(3):309-312.
[5] H Yu,A Reyes,S Cang,et al.Combined Petri net modelling and AI based heuristichybrid search for flexible manufacturing systems - Part I: Petri net modelling andheuristic search[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering.2003,44(4):527-543.
[6]常欣,袁华,逢焕利,等.基于Petri网的分布式计算机网络模型研究[C].中国通信学会第六届学术年会论文集(中).2009:405-409.
[7] Li Xiao-Ou，Yu Wen，Lara Rosano F.Dynamic knowledge inference and learningunder adaptive fuzzy Petri net framework[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems,Manand Cybernetic- Part C:Application and Reviews.2000,30(4):442-449.
[8]张兆庆,蒋昌俊,乔如良,等.PVM并行程序验证系统的原理与实现[J].计算机学报.1999,22(4):409-414.
[9]葛季栋,顾庆,胡昊,等.一种基于对象网的多视角软件过程模型[J].软件学报.2008,19(6):1363-1378.
[10]黄光球,任大勇.基于双枝模糊决策与模糊Petri网的攻击模型[J].计算机应用.2007,27(11):2689-2693.
[11] Li Wang,Wang Ming-zhe. Modeling of combined Bayesian networks and cog-nitive framework for decision-making in C2[J]. Journal of Systems Engineeringand Electronics.2010,21(5):812–820.
[12] J L Peterson.Petri nets.[J].ACM Computing Surveys.1977,9(3),223-252.
[13]蒋昌俊.Petri网理论与方法研究综述[J].控制与决策.1997,12(6):631-636.
[14] Robidoux R,Xu H,Xing L,et al.Automated Modeling of Dynamic Reliability Blo-ck Diagrams Using Colored Petri Nets[J]. IEEE transactions on systems, man,and cybernetics. Part A, Systems and humans.2010,40(2):337-351.
[15] Kim J H,Lee T E.Schedulability Analysis of Time-Constrained Cluster Toolswith Bounded Time Variation by an Extended Petri Net[J]. IEEE transactions onautomation science and engineering.2008,5(3):490-503.
[16]王胜德,胡望斌,徐综昌.优先级Petri网的CPN Tools仿真模型研究[J].系统仿真学报.2008,29(3):814-816.
[17] Stefan Korecko,Branislav Sobota.Using Coloured Petri Nets for design of parall-el raytracing environment[J].Acta Univ.Sapientiae,Informatica,2010,2(1): 28-39.
[18] Chen Shyiming.Weight Fuzzy Reasoning Using Fuzzy Petri Nets[J].IEEE Trans-actions on Knowldege and Data Engineering.2002,14(2):386-397.
[19] Rangsarit Vanijjirattikhan,David Kaber,Mo-Yuen Chow et al.Timed Petri NetModeling and Simulation of a High-Throughput Biological Screenin Process[C].IEEE,Conference on Automation Science and Engineering.2007:442-447.
[20] Robert H. Sloan,Ugo Buy. Reduction rules for time Petri nets.Acta Informatica.1996,33:687-706.
[21]刘韬,傅卫平,谢敬.基于面向对象赋时Petri网的出入库系统建模[J].系统仿真学报.2006,18(3):537-541.
[22] Zhang Lian-feng,Jiao Jian-xin .Modeling production configuration using nestedcolored object-oriented Petri-nets with changeable structures[J]. Journal of Intell-igent Manufacturing.2009,20(4):359-378.
[23]曹阳,张维明,沙基昌.Petri网在通信网络仿真建模中的应用[J].计算机仿真.2001(5).
[24]左朝凤.基于Petri网的数据库系统并发控制活性分析[J].计算机工程与应用.2002(17).
[25]李建强,范玉顺.基于Petri网化简方法的工作流模型验证[J].信息与控制.200130(6):492-497.
[26] M T Wynn,H M W Verbeek,W M P Vander Aalst, al.Soundness-preserving reduc-tion rules for reset workflow nets[J].Information Sciences.2009,179(6):769- 790
[27] V R Kavitha,R Kavitha,N Suresh Kumar.Workflow Mining: Discovering Loopsin Process Models[J].International Journal of Computer Applications.2011, 22(6):1-5.
[28]周小聪,秦拯.基于扩展染色Petri网的工作流过程模型[J].微计算机信息.201228(3):107-109.
[29]王寿光,颜钢锋,蒋静坪.网化简技术在Petri网反馈控制器设计中的应用[J].软件学报.2003,14(6):1037-1042.
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