基于LVDS技术的通讯卡研制
摘要
分布式测控系统由于其在民用和军用方面的广泛应用,受到了越来越多的重视。与此同时,应用于测试系统的数采设备性能也得到了迅速的提高,因此导致了数据传输量成倍地增加,现有的数据传输系统已经无法满足实际需求。因此研制高速数据传输系统已经成为分布式测控系统发展急需解决的问题之一。
本课题应用PCI总线技术、DMA数据传输技术和LVDS信号技术实现了高速数据通讯板的设计。课题选用PCI-9054芯片作为PCI总线控制器并采用DMA技术设计实现了通讯板与计算机之间的高速数据传输;课题采用高性能FPGA,综合运用硬件描述语言、数据传输同步技术以及模块化思想设计实现了并行数据与串行数据之间的转换以及数据传输控制;通过FPGA内的控制模块与高速静态RAM的配合应用,课题完成了PCI总线控制器与高速数据收发模块之间的数据缓存;课题采用FPGA提供的LVDS信号接口,设计实现了LVDS高速串行数据传输通道并利用高速PCB设计方法进行设计以保证信号的完整性。在完成硬件设计的基础上,本课题采用VC6.0完成了通讯板应用程序的开发。
本课题分别采用了误码率与眼图的测试方案针对高速数据传输的性能进行了测试。测试在实验室条件下完成。测试结果表明,通讯板的开发完成了设计指标要求。
Because of its widely application in military and civilian affairs, distributed measurement and control system has gained more and more attention. At the same time, performance of data acquisition equipment applied to measurement system has been developed rapidly, which led to the transmission of data have multiplied, the existing data transfer systems are not able to meet demand. Therefore study on high-speed data transmission technology has become an urgent need to to solve the problem of distributed measurement and control system development.
Using PCI bus technology, DMA data transfer technology and LVDS technology this topic has achieved high-speed data communication board design. PCI-9054 chip, designed as a PCI bus controller and developed with DMA technology, is implemented by this topic to achieve high-speed data transmission between the board and computer. The topic uses high-performance FPGA, applying hardware description language, data synchronization technology and modular design ideas, to realize high-speed data transmission controll and the conversion between parallel and serial data flow. Using the controller designed by the FPGA and high-speed static RAM, this topic realizes the data cache between PCI bus controller and high-speed serial data transfer modules. The topic uses high-speed LVDS interfaces provided by the FPGA to develop LVDS high speed serial data transmission channels and high speed PCB designing method is also considered to keep signal integrity. Upon completion of the hardware design, this topic develops the communications board application programme by using VC6.0.
The topic uses bit error rate and eye test programme for high-speed data transmission performance test. The tests are done under the laboratory conditions. Test results show that the subject of design has met the demands of technical indexes.
本课题应用PCI总线技术、DMA数据传输技术和LVDS信号技术实现了高速数据通讯板的设计。课题选用PCI-9054芯片作为PCI总线控制器并采用DMA技术设计实现了通讯板与计算机之间的高速数据传输;课题采用高性能FPGA,综合运用硬件描述语言、数据传输同步技术以及模块化思想设计实现了并行数据与串行数据之间的转换以及数据传输控制;通过FPGA内的控制模块与高速静态RAM的配合应用,课题完成了PCI总线控制器与高速数据收发模块之间的数据缓存;课题采用FPGA提供的LVDS信号接口,设计实现了LVDS高速串行数据传输通道并利用高速PCB设计方法进行设计以保证信号的完整性。在完成硬件设计的基础上,本课题采用VC6.0完成了通讯板应用程序的开发。
本课题分别采用了误码率与眼图的测试方案针对高速数据传输的性能进行了测试。测试在实验室条件下完成。测试结果表明,通讯板的开发完成了设计指标要求。
Because of its widely application in military and civilian affairs, distributed measurement and control system has gained more and more attention. At the same time, performance of data acquisition equipment applied to measurement system has been developed rapidly, which led to the transmission of data have multiplied, the existing data transfer systems are not able to meet demand. Therefore study on high-speed data transmission technology has become an urgent need to to solve the problem of distributed measurement and control system development.
Using PCI bus technology, DMA data transfer technology and LVDS technology this topic has achieved high-speed data communication board design. PCI-9054 chip, designed as a PCI bus controller and developed with DMA technology, is implemented by this topic to achieve high-speed data transmission between the board and computer. The topic uses high-performance FPGA, applying hardware description language, data synchronization technology and modular design ideas, to realize high-speed data transmission controll and the conversion between parallel and serial data flow. Using the controller designed by the FPGA and high-speed static RAM, this topic realizes the data cache between PCI bus controller and high-speed serial data transfer modules. The topic uses high-speed LVDS interfaces provided by the FPGA to develop LVDS high speed serial data transmission channels and high speed PCB designing method is also considered to keep signal integrity. Upon completion of the hardware design, this topic develops the communications board application programme by using VC6.0.
The topic uses bit error rate and eye test programme for high-speed data transmission performance test. The tests are done under the laboratory conditions. Test results show that the subject of design has met the demands of technical indexes.
引文
1 Brad Brannon, Rob Reeder. Understanding High Speed ADC Testing and Evaluation. 2007:1~3
2倪霞林,郑祥盘,凌世飘.基于CAN总线的信息驱动模式分布式测控系统设计.机械设计与制造. 2008 (3):192~193
3徐素妍,计国,高丽娟.《现代光纤通信系统》.科学出版社. 2005:1~51
4 Aurora Technologies, Inc. Starting With StarFabric: The StarFabric Connectivity Guide. 2002:9~13
5 Hyun, Eugin, Seong, Kwang-Su. Design and verification for PCI express controller. 3rd International Conference on Information Technology and Applications. 2005:581~586
6笨鸟斋.计算机网络基础知识. http://blog.163.com/hanozi@126/blog/static/ 1865756200812854858106/
7王丽英.高速串行技术带来测试新挑战.今日电子. 2008 (5):42~43
8 Burgess, R. RS422 and Beyond. Electronic Engineering (London). 1981:81,83, 85
9 Integrated Devices Technology, Santa Clara, CA. High-speed CMOS TTL-Compatible Number Crunching Elements for Fixed and Floating-Point Arithmetic. Northcon - Conference Record. 1986:1~5
10 Chappell B A. Fast CMOS ECL Receivers with 100-mV Worst-Case Sensitivity. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 1988:23
11 Xilinx, Virtex-E. High Performance Differential Solutions:Low Voltage Differential Signalling(LVDS). 1999:1~3
12李志强,舒畅.光纤技术的发展及应用趋势.光通信专题. 2008 (3):14~16
13 Tom Shanley, Don Anderson. PCI System Architecture.电子工业出版社. 2000:22~36
14刘国安. PCI总线技术.仪表技术. 2003 (3):43,53
15中关村在线.一起回顾一下PCI总线的发展历程(ISA总线) http://tech.163.com/04/0521/10/0MTBLRV4000915O9.html
16王刚,吴斌,郝荣荣,陈永海,赵江海. PCI总线技术及系统设计.现代电子技术. 2005 (16):92~94
17范其欣,曹亦兵. PCI总线技术.交通与计算机. 1998 (2)23~25
18江亚东.计算机的CACHE技术及实现.微计算机应用. 1997 (4):3~12
19 PLX Technology,Inc. PCI 9054 Data Book. 1998:12~101
20杨相生. RAM技术及其产品的发展和应用.计算机工程. 2003 (3):164~166
21 Altera Corporation. Cyclone II Device Handbook, Volume 1. June 2006:15~51
22 Reese, Robert B, Thornton, Mitchell A. Introduction to logic synthesis using Verilog HDL. Synth. Lect. Dig. Circuits Syst. 2006:1~84
23夏宇闻.从算法设计到硬线逻辑的实现. 2006 (8):198~211
24马彦,冯勇. LVDS技术研究.电子计算机. 2002 (2):20~23
25 National Semiconductor. LVDS Owner’s Manual. 2000:1~101
26 Altera Corporation. The Evolution of High-Speed Transceiver Technology. 2002:1~125
27宋正勋,谭宝华.低压差分信号技术.长春光学精密机械学院学报. 2000 (6):33~36
28 Cindy Bloomingdale,Gary Hendrickson. LVDS Data Outputs for High-Speed Analog-to-Digital Converters. 2002:1~11
29 National Semiconductor. Interface Selection Guide. 2006:1~67
30王晓君,宇文英,罗跃东.基于FPGA的CPCI和LVDS接口技术及应用.半导体技术. 2007 (3):248~251
31 StarGen, Inc. SG2010 PCI-to-StarFabric Bridge Hardware Implementation Guide. 2004:13~20
32赵忠文,曾峦,熊伟. LVDS技术分析和应用设计.指挥技术学院学报. 2001 (12):90~93
33 National Semiconductor. A Practical Guide To Cable Selection. 1993:1~12
34李海. PCI设备Windows通用驱动程序设计.电子技术应用. 2000 (1):65~70
35胡修林,刘可.一种PCI总线高速数据传输卡WDM驱动程序开发.计算机与数字工程. 2005 (5):6~10
36杜欣,马秦生. PCI数据传输卡的WDM设备驱动程序设计.计算机与数字工程. 2004 (2):1~3
37李强,王斌,张立国,王雪冬.基于WDM的驱动程序开发研究实现.信息科学. 2008 (1):37
38 Wang Hui-Dong, Xu Jia-Yun, Wu Li-Ping, Zhang Yi-Yun, Zhou Hou-Quan, Bai Li-Xin. Programming of Windows 2000 WDM for communication betweenmultichannel interface and PC's parallel port. Hedianzixue Yu Tance Jishue. 2005:264~267
39刘海华.基于PCI总线的多通道DMA传输.电子技术应用. 2004 (2):1~3
40袁魏华,朱海君,乔卫民,敬岚.基于Windows2000WDM模型的PCI数据采集卡驱动程序设计.全国计算机在现代科学技术领域应用学术会议论文集. 2004:210~214
41 National Semiconductor. LVDS Signal Quality: Cable Drive Measurements using Eye Patterns. 1998:1~15
42 Altera Corporation. Characterization Methodology for LVDS Eye Diagram. http://www.altera.com.cn/technology/signal/devices/stratix2/eye-quality/sgl-lvds-char.html
43 Hashimoto Masanori, Siriporn Jangsombatsiri, Tsuchiya Akira, Zhu Haikun, Cheng Chung-Kuan. Analytical eye-diagram model for on-chip distortionless transmission lines and its application to design space exploration. Proc Custom Integr Circuits Conf. 2008:869~872
44 Singh, Kaustubh, Bhattacharjee, Ratnajit. Bit error rate performance of genetic algorithm optimized WDM systems. 2006 IFIP International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks. 2006:2~5
45 Altera Corporation. Using LVDS in APEX 20KE Devices. 2003:1~10
46 Altera Corporation. The Principles of Signal Integrity. http://www.altera.com.cn/ support/devices/signal/principles/sgl-principles_cont .html
47 National Semiconductor. Long Transmission Lines and Data Signal Quality. 1992:1~109
2倪霞林,郑祥盘,凌世飘.基于CAN总线的信息驱动模式分布式测控系统设计.机械设计与制造. 2008 (3):192~193
3徐素妍,计国,高丽娟.《现代光纤通信系统》.科学出版社. 2005:1~51
4 Aurora Technologies, Inc. Starting With StarFabric: The StarFabric Connectivity Guide. 2002:9~13
5 Hyun, Eugin, Seong, Kwang-Su. Design and verification for PCI express controller. 3rd International Conference on Information Technology and Applications. 2005:581~586
6笨鸟斋.计算机网络基础知识. http://blog.163.com/hanozi@126/blog/static/ 1865756200812854858106/
7王丽英.高速串行技术带来测试新挑战.今日电子. 2008 (5):42~43
8 Burgess, R. RS422 and Beyond. Electronic Engineering (London). 1981:81,83, 85
9 Integrated Devices Technology, Santa Clara, CA. High-speed CMOS TTL-Compatible Number Crunching Elements for Fixed and Floating-Point Arithmetic. Northcon - Conference Record. 1986:1~5
10 Chappell B A. Fast CMOS ECL Receivers with 100-mV Worst-Case Sensitivity. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 1988:23
11 Xilinx, Virtex-E. High Performance Differential Solutions:Low Voltage Differential Signalling(LVDS). 1999:1~3
12李志强,舒畅.光纤技术的发展及应用趋势.光通信专题. 2008 (3):14~16
13 Tom Shanley, Don Anderson. PCI System Architecture.电子工业出版社. 2000:22~36
14刘国安. PCI总线技术.仪表技术. 2003 (3):43,53
15中关村在线.一起回顾一下PCI总线的发展历程(ISA总线) http://tech.163.com/04/0521/10/0MTBLRV4000915O9.html
16王刚,吴斌,郝荣荣,陈永海,赵江海. PCI总线技术及系统设计.现代电子技术. 2005 (16):92~94
17范其欣,曹亦兵. PCI总线技术.交通与计算机. 1998 (2)23~25
18江亚东.计算机的CACHE技术及实现.微计算机应用. 1997 (4):3~12
19 PLX Technology,Inc. PCI 9054 Data Book. 1998:12~101
20杨相生. RAM技术及其产品的发展和应用.计算机工程. 2003 (3):164~166
21 Altera Corporation. Cyclone II Device Handbook, Volume 1. June 2006:15~51
22 Reese, Robert B, Thornton, Mitchell A. Introduction to logic synthesis using Verilog HDL. Synth. Lect. Dig. Circuits Syst. 2006:1~84
23夏宇闻.从算法设计到硬线逻辑的实现. 2006 (8):198~211
24马彦,冯勇. LVDS技术研究.电子计算机. 2002 (2):20~23
25 National Semiconductor. LVDS Owner’s Manual. 2000:1~101
26 Altera Corporation. The Evolution of High-Speed Transceiver Technology. 2002:1~125
27宋正勋,谭宝华.低压差分信号技术.长春光学精密机械学院学报. 2000 (6):33~36
28 Cindy Bloomingdale,Gary Hendrickson. LVDS Data Outputs for High-Speed Analog-to-Digital Converters. 2002:1~11
29 National Semiconductor. Interface Selection Guide. 2006:1~67
30王晓君,宇文英,罗跃东.基于FPGA的CPCI和LVDS接口技术及应用.半导体技术. 2007 (3):248~251
31 StarGen, Inc. SG2010 PCI-to-StarFabric Bridge Hardware Implementation Guide. 2004:13~20
32赵忠文,曾峦,熊伟. LVDS技术分析和应用设计.指挥技术学院学报. 2001 (12):90~93
33 National Semiconductor. A Practical Guide To Cable Selection. 1993:1~12
34李海. PCI设备Windows通用驱动程序设计.电子技术应用. 2000 (1):65~70
35胡修林,刘可.一种PCI总线高速数据传输卡WDM驱动程序开发.计算机与数字工程. 2005 (5):6~10
36杜欣,马秦生. PCI数据传输卡的WDM设备驱动程序设计.计算机与数字工程. 2004 (2):1~3
37李强,王斌,张立国,王雪冬.基于WDM的驱动程序开发研究实现.信息科学. 2008 (1):37
38 Wang Hui-Dong, Xu Jia-Yun, Wu Li-Ping, Zhang Yi-Yun, Zhou Hou-Quan, Bai Li-Xin. Programming of Windows 2000 WDM for communication betweenmultichannel interface and PC's parallel port. Hedianzixue Yu Tance Jishue. 2005:264~267
39刘海华.基于PCI总线的多通道DMA传输.电子技术应用. 2004 (2):1~3
40袁魏华,朱海君,乔卫民,敬岚.基于Windows2000WDM模型的PCI数据采集卡驱动程序设计.全国计算机在现代科学技术领域应用学术会议论文集. 2004:210~214
41 National Semiconductor. LVDS Signal Quality: Cable Drive Measurements using Eye Patterns. 1998:1~15
42 Altera Corporation. Characterization Methodology for LVDS Eye Diagram. http://www.altera.com.cn/technology/signal/devices/stratix2/eye-quality/sgl-lvds-char.html
43 Hashimoto Masanori, Siriporn Jangsombatsiri, Tsuchiya Akira, Zhu Haikun, Cheng Chung-Kuan. Analytical eye-diagram model for on-chip distortionless transmission lines and its application to design space exploration. Proc Custom Integr Circuits Conf. 2008:869~872
44 Singh, Kaustubh, Bhattacharjee, Ratnajit. Bit error rate performance of genetic algorithm optimized WDM systems. 2006 IFIP International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks. 2006:2~5
45 Altera Corporation. Using LVDS in APEX 20KE Devices. 2003:1~10
46 Altera Corporation. The Principles of Signal Integrity. http://www.altera.com.cn/ support/devices/signal/principles/sgl-principles_cont .html
47 National Semiconductor. Long Transmission Lines and Data Signal Quality. 1992:1~109
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