既有桥梁可靠度评估关键问题研究
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摘要
桥梁建设飞速发展的同时,大量既有桥梁出现的可靠性低、可靠性评估不准确以及维护成本过高的问题已经越来越引起桥梁研究者的关注。本文紧紧围绕“既有桥梁可靠度评估关键问题研究”这个命题展开相关理论分析研究,在国内外已有研究成果的基础上,对既有桥梁的体系可靠度更新方法和时变目标可靠度的确定方法进行了系统地分析,以系统可靠度为出发点,对既有桥梁可靠度评估进行了研究。主要工作如下:
1.系统总结了构件可靠度和体系可靠度的计算方法并比较各自的优缺点,提出了基于董聪建议的近似计算公式来计算本文体系可靠度的方法。
2.提出基于检测信息的既有斜拉桥体系可靠度更新方法:在充分利用改进的β约界法、有限元法(FEM)、一次二阶矩法(JC)和响应面法(RSM)等方法优点的综合分析方法的基础上,基于检测信息建立斜拉桥随机变量的修正模型,运用贝叶斯定理更新各构件失效候选单元的可靠度,从而更新体系可靠度。最后通过工程算例验证了该方法的有效性。
3.建立既有桥梁的各项成本的计算模型,系统总结其主要的维护加固方法及其优缺点,综述了国内外相关规范规定的目标可靠指标值以及目前目标可靠指标的确定方法。
4.提出基于生命周期成本优化的既有桥梁时变目标可靠指标确定方法:基于生命周期成本考虑了维修加固策略对体系可靠度和目标可靠度的影响,以生命周期成本最优为目标、时变体系可靠度和时变目标可靠指标为约束条件,通过建立基于时变目标可靠度-成本-寿命关系的多目标优化模型,运用改进的NSGA-II多目标优化算法确定时变目标可靠指标演化公式中的参数。最后通过一工程算例,验证了所提出的确定时变目标可靠指标演化规律方法的可行性,并比规范校准法确定的目标可靠指标值更合理。
More and more attention on the problems of poor reliability, inaccurate reliability evaluation and excessively high maintenance cost of bridges in service has been attracted by many bridge researchers, which accompanies the rapid development of bridge construction. Study is expanded enclosing to the subject“Study on the key issues of reliability assessment of existing bridges”. Based on the international research results, system reliability updating method and the determination method of time-variant target reliability of existing cable-stayed bridges were analyzed systematically. Taking the system reliability as the starting point, the reliability assessment of the existing bridges was also considered in this dissertation. The main content is summarized as following:
1. The component reliability and system reliability calculation method were summarized systematically and compared their advantages and disadvantages. The calculation method of system reliability based on the approximate formula that suggested by Dong Cong was proposed in this paper.
2. Method on system reliability updating through inspection information for existing cable-stayed bridges was proposed: On the basis of the comprehensive analysis method that fully utilized the advantages ofβ-unzipping method, finite element method(FEM), first order second moment method(JC) and the response surface method (RSM), the modified model of cable-stayed bridge random variables was established based on monitoring information, the reliability of failure candidate elements of cable-stayed bridge components were updated by using Bayesian method. Therefore the system reliability was updated. Finally a project sample was analyzed in this paper to verify the validity of the method.
3. Calculation models of all the life-cycle cost aspects of existing bridges were established, the major maintenance and reinforcement method were summarized systematically and their advantages and disadvantages were compared. The determined target reliability indexes by the home and broad related standards and the crruent determination methods of the target reliability indexes were summarized.
4. Method on the determination of time-variant target reliability based on the life cycle cost optimization for existing bridges was proposed: Based on the life cycle cost, the effect on the system reliability and target reliability after repair and reinforcement was considered. Using the optimal life cycle cost as the object function, time-variant system reliability and target reliability as the constraint condition, through establishing the time varying reliability-cost-life of the multi-objective optimization model, the parameter in the time-variant target reliability index evolution formula was determined by adopting the improved NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed methods of the determination of time-variant target reliability evolution rule in this paper were verified through an engineering example, and the determined target reliability index by present study was more rational than that determined by existing codes.
1.系统总结了构件可靠度和体系可靠度的计算方法并比较各自的优缺点,提出了基于董聪建议的近似计算公式来计算本文体系可靠度的方法。
2.提出基于检测信息的既有斜拉桥体系可靠度更新方法:在充分利用改进的β约界法、有限元法(FEM)、一次二阶矩法(JC)和响应面法(RSM)等方法优点的综合分析方法的基础上,基于检测信息建立斜拉桥随机变量的修正模型,运用贝叶斯定理更新各构件失效候选单元的可靠度,从而更新体系可靠度。最后通过工程算例验证了该方法的有效性。
3.建立既有桥梁的各项成本的计算模型,系统总结其主要的维护加固方法及其优缺点,综述了国内外相关规范规定的目标可靠指标值以及目前目标可靠指标的确定方法。
4.提出基于生命周期成本优化的既有桥梁时变目标可靠指标确定方法:基于生命周期成本考虑了维修加固策略对体系可靠度和目标可靠度的影响,以生命周期成本最优为目标、时变体系可靠度和时变目标可靠指标为约束条件,通过建立基于时变目标可靠度-成本-寿命关系的多目标优化模型,运用改进的NSGA-II多目标优化算法确定时变目标可靠指标演化公式中的参数。最后通过一工程算例,验证了所提出的确定时变目标可靠指标演化规律方法的可行性,并比规范校准法确定的目标可靠指标值更合理。
More and more attention on the problems of poor reliability, inaccurate reliability evaluation and excessively high maintenance cost of bridges in service has been attracted by many bridge researchers, which accompanies the rapid development of bridge construction. Study is expanded enclosing to the subject“Study on the key issues of reliability assessment of existing bridges”. Based on the international research results, system reliability updating method and the determination method of time-variant target reliability of existing cable-stayed bridges were analyzed systematically. Taking the system reliability as the starting point, the reliability assessment of the existing bridges was also considered in this dissertation. The main content is summarized as following:
1. The component reliability and system reliability calculation method were summarized systematically and compared their advantages and disadvantages. The calculation method of system reliability based on the approximate formula that suggested by Dong Cong was proposed in this paper.
2. Method on system reliability updating through inspection information for existing cable-stayed bridges was proposed: On the basis of the comprehensive analysis method that fully utilized the advantages ofβ-unzipping method, finite element method(FEM), first order second moment method(JC) and the response surface method (RSM), the modified model of cable-stayed bridge random variables was established based on monitoring information, the reliability of failure candidate elements of cable-stayed bridge components were updated by using Bayesian method. Therefore the system reliability was updated. Finally a project sample was analyzed in this paper to verify the validity of the method.
3. Calculation models of all the life-cycle cost aspects of existing bridges were established, the major maintenance and reinforcement method were summarized systematically and their advantages and disadvantages were compared. The determined target reliability indexes by the home and broad related standards and the crruent determination methods of the target reliability indexes were summarized.
4. Method on the determination of time-variant target reliability based on the life cycle cost optimization for existing bridges was proposed: Based on the life cycle cost, the effect on the system reliability and target reliability after repair and reinforcement was considered. Using the optimal life cycle cost as the object function, time-variant system reliability and target reliability as the constraint condition, through establishing the time varying reliability-cost-life of the multi-objective optimization model, the parameter in the time-variant target reliability index evolution formula was determined by adopting the improved NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed methods of the determination of time-variant target reliability evolution rule in this paper were verified through an engineering example, and the determined target reliability index by present study was more rational than that determined by existing codes.
引文
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