某悬索桥塔侧支撑结构荷载与损伤识别
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摘要
在大型桥梁结构中得到广泛应用的结构健康监测系统,为获得桥梁在施工与运营状态下的结构动态响应提供了强大的技术手段。基于动态响应监测数据实现结构的健康诊断是桥梁工程领域理论与应用研究的前沿,其中如何高效地评价桥梁工作状态和预测疲劳寿命是研究的热点,具有重要的学术意义和广阔的应用前景。结构的荷载识别与损伤识别是结构状态与寿命评价的基础。
青岛海湾大桥是我国首次在北方冰冻与高盐度海域建设的一座现代化特大型桥梁。大桥设计实施了先进的结构监测巡检养护管理系统,实时监测环境激励和结构响应状态的信息,用以评价桥梁结构的工作性能和健康状态。本文以青岛海湾大桥的大沽河航道桥为背景,基于实际应变监测数据,结合有限元数值分析技术,首先对桥塔侧支撑结构在不同施工阶段的荷载进行了识别,然后,对基于应变监测的塔侧支撑结构的损伤识别进行了数值模拟研究。主要内容与成果如下：
(1)针对独塔自锚式悬索桥——大沽河航道桥塔侧支撑结构建立了有限元模型,并通过实际应变监测数据,通过优化算法进行了模型修正；
(2)考虑温度效应,基于实际监测应变对塔侧支撑结构的荷载(反力)进行了识别,获得了大桥主梁各个施工阶段的塔侧支撑结构的荷载(反力)变化曲线；
(3)应用神经网络方法,对基于监测数据的结构损伤识别方法进行了数值模拟研究,同时,探讨了监测数据噪声对损伤识别的影响规律。
研究结果表明：(1)基于实际监测数据修正的有限元模型具有较高精度,能够满足健康诊断研究的需要；(2)荷载识别结果较好的反映了各施工阶段的实际工况,为整个结构运营与健康状态的分析提供了依据；(3)基于监测应变的损伤识别,在低噪声情况下具有可行性,同时需要进一步研究具有高抗噪能力的数据处理与损伤识别方法。
The structural health monitoring system was widely used in monitoring structure of large bridge, and it made powerful technical means for getting dynamic response of construction and operation status of bridge structures. Structural health monitoring based on monitoring dynamic response data is the frontier of the theoretical and application study of bridge engineering field, which efficiently evaluate working state and predicated fatigue life is the focus of study, and it has important academic significance and wide application prospect. Structural load and structural damage identification is the base of structural state and life evaluation.
Qingdao bay bridge is the first oversized modern bridge on freezing and high salinity waters in the north of China. The bridge designed and implemented a advanced Structural Health Monitoring System with Bridge Inspection and Management System, real-time monitoring the information of ambient excitation and structural response status, in order to evaluate working performance and health status of the bridge. This paper
At the background of Daguhe Waterway Bridge of Qingdao Bay Bridge, based on practical monitoring strain data, combined with finite element digital analysis technology, this paper identify the load of different construction stage of the tower side support structure first, and then, make the numerical simulation of damage identification for tower side support structure which based on strain monitoring. Main contents and research achievements are as follows:
(1) According to tower side support structure of a self-anchored suspension bridge with single-tower, the Daguhe Waterway Bridge, create the finite element model, and based on practical monitoring strain data, updating the model through optimization algorithm;
(2) Considering temperature effect, based on practical monitoring strain, this paper identify the load(reaction) of tower side support structure, and get the variation curve of tower side support structure load(reaction) of each construction stage of bridge main beam;
(3) Through neural net work method, this paper makes the study of numerical simulation, which based on practical monitoring data of structure damage identification.
The result showed that:(1) Updating finite element model based on practical monitoring data with high accuracy, which meet the requirements of research of health monitoring;(2) The load identification results better reflect the actual conditions of each construction stage, and provides a basis for the operations and analysis of health status of the whole structures;(3) The damage identification based on practical monitoring strain data is feasible with low noise, and at the same time, study the damage identification method with high noise immunity is needed.
青岛海湾大桥是我国首次在北方冰冻与高盐度海域建设的一座现代化特大型桥梁。大桥设计实施了先进的结构监测巡检养护管理系统,实时监测环境激励和结构响应状态的信息,用以评价桥梁结构的工作性能和健康状态。本文以青岛海湾大桥的大沽河航道桥为背景,基于实际应变监测数据,结合有限元数值分析技术,首先对桥塔侧支撑结构在不同施工阶段的荷载进行了识别,然后,对基于应变监测的塔侧支撑结构的损伤识别进行了数值模拟研究。主要内容与成果如下：
(1)针对独塔自锚式悬索桥——大沽河航道桥塔侧支撑结构建立了有限元模型,并通过实际应变监测数据,通过优化算法进行了模型修正；
(2)考虑温度效应,基于实际监测应变对塔侧支撑结构的荷载(反力)进行了识别,获得了大桥主梁各个施工阶段的塔侧支撑结构的荷载(反力)变化曲线；
(3)应用神经网络方法,对基于监测数据的结构损伤识别方法进行了数值模拟研究,同时,探讨了监测数据噪声对损伤识别的影响规律。
研究结果表明：(1)基于实际监测数据修正的有限元模型具有较高精度,能够满足健康诊断研究的需要；(2)荷载识别结果较好的反映了各施工阶段的实际工况,为整个结构运营与健康状态的分析提供了依据；(3)基于监测应变的损伤识别,在低噪声情况下具有可行性,同时需要进一步研究具有高抗噪能力的数据处理与损伤识别方法。
The structural health monitoring system was widely used in monitoring structure of large bridge, and it made powerful technical means for getting dynamic response of construction and operation status of bridge structures. Structural health monitoring based on monitoring dynamic response data is the frontier of the theoretical and application study of bridge engineering field, which efficiently evaluate working state and predicated fatigue life is the focus of study, and it has important academic significance and wide application prospect. Structural load and structural damage identification is the base of structural state and life evaluation.
Qingdao bay bridge is the first oversized modern bridge on freezing and high salinity waters in the north of China. The bridge designed and implemented a advanced Structural Health Monitoring System with Bridge Inspection and Management System, real-time monitoring the information of ambient excitation and structural response status, in order to evaluate working performance and health status of the bridge. This paper
At the background of Daguhe Waterway Bridge of Qingdao Bay Bridge, based on practical monitoring strain data, combined with finite element digital analysis technology, this paper identify the load of different construction stage of the tower side support structure first, and then, make the numerical simulation of damage identification for tower side support structure which based on strain monitoring. Main contents and research achievements are as follows:
(1) According to tower side support structure of a self-anchored suspension bridge with single-tower, the Daguhe Waterway Bridge, create the finite element model, and based on practical monitoring strain data, updating the model through optimization algorithm;
(2) Considering temperature effect, based on practical monitoring strain, this paper identify the load(reaction) of tower side support structure, and get the variation curve of tower side support structure load(reaction) of each construction stage of bridge main beam;
(3) Through neural net work method, this paper makes the study of numerical simulation, which based on practical monitoring data of structure damage identification.
The result showed that:(1) Updating finite element model based on practical monitoring data with high accuracy, which meet the requirements of research of health monitoring;(2) The load identification results better reflect the actual conditions of each construction stage, and provides a basis for the operations and analysis of health status of the whole structures;(3) The damage identification based on practical monitoring strain data is feasible with low noise, and at the same time, study the damage identification method with high noise immunity is needed.
引文
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[3]张启伟.大型桥梁健康监测概念与检测系统设计[J].同济大学学报,2001,29(1)：65-69.
[4]Myroll F, Dibiagio E. Instrumentation for Monitoring the Skarnsunder Cable-stayed Bridge[J]. Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Strait Crossing. Rotterdam:Balkema,1994:207-215
[5]Andersen E Y. Structural Monitoring of the Great Belt East Bridge[J]. Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Strait Crossing. Rotterdam:Balkema,1994:54-62.
[6]Chueng M S, Tadros G S, Brown T G, et al. Field Monitoring and Research on Performance of the Confedetarion Bridge[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,1997,24(6):951-962.
[7]何旭辉.南京长江大桥结构健康监测及其关键技术研究[D].长沙.中南大学土建学院.2004.
[8]朱劲松.基于可靠度的大型桥梁智能评估系统核心问题研究[D].上海.同济大学.2006.
[9]彭晓洪,丁锡洪,周建功.用模态参数识别结果对实际结构有限元动力模型的修正[J].振动与冲击,1984,3：8-15.
[10]张希农,吕刚.计算模型修正的频率响应函数方法[J].振动工程学报,1992,5(4)：378-383.
[11]夏益霖.结构有限元模型修正的频响函数方法[J].振动工程学报,1993,6(4)：376-379.
[12]成万植,李书.有限元模型修正技术[J].飞机设计,1994,(4)：1-3.
[13]王元清,姚南,张天申,石永久.基于最优化理论的多阶段模型修正及其在桥梁安全评估中的应用[J].2010,27(1)：91-97.
[14]姜东,丁继峰,费庆国,韩晓林.一种有限元模型修正中的参数选择方法[J].固体力学学报,2011,32(S)：88-92.
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