基于多目标规划的厂级负荷分配研究
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摘要
本文以电厂节能减排为先导,结合目前国内600MW主流机组为研究对象,建立了基于经济性、快速性、环保性的多目标厂级负荷优化分配数学模型。结合现场数据获得了机组煤耗率与大气污染物排放特性曲线,进而利用模糊决策理论与模糊层次分析法进行多目标问题的建模。在此基础之上,以动态规划方法作为优化算法,借助MATLAB软件对多目标优化模型进行了算例仿真,并且对仅以最小煤耗率为目标的单目标优化方案与多目标优化方案进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明:采用模糊层次分析法的多目标优化方案在经济性与环保性方面优于单目标优化方案。
The precursor of the Energy Saving & Conversion has been behaved as a spur to develop a novel mathematical model combined with charecteristic of economic, rapid and emissions, subjected to a domestic mainstream units of 600MW capacity. Acquirement of field data enables graphical descriptions of both coal consumption rate (CCT) and emimssions. The concept of fuzzy decision-makings and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was validated to construct the multi-objective load dispatch (MLD) model and based thereon the dynamic programming was adopted. Thus, application on MATLAB was also introduced to the simulation on MLD model. Moreover, we suggest a comparison between the single objective model concerning CCT and the MLD modle using FAHP method. Consequently, the findings show that the MLD model is more preferable on economic and emimssions.
The precursor of the Energy Saving & Conversion has been behaved as a spur to develop a novel mathematical model combined with charecteristic of economic, rapid and emissions, subjected to a domestic mainstream units of 600MW capacity. Acquirement of field data enables graphical descriptions of both coal consumption rate (CCT) and emimssions. The concept of fuzzy decision-makings and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was validated to construct the multi-objective load dispatch (MLD) model and based thereon the dynamic programming was adopted. Thus, application on MATLAB was also introduced to the simulation on MLD model. Moreover, we suggest a comparison between the single objective model concerning CCT and the MLD modle using FAHP method. Consequently, the findings show that the MLD model is more preferable on economic and emimssions.
引文
[1]石定环.中国能源发展的现状与未来.中国科技产业,2005,19(10):10～12
[2]焦玉梅.中国能源发展战略之我见.北方经济,2006,14(20):5～6
[3]苑中显.中国能源状况与发展对策.中国冶金,2005,14(5):7～9
[4]于尔铿,韩放,谢开,等.电力市场.北京:中国电力出版社,1998
[5]王延春,林凡.入网定价方案年内出台新能源发电打破火电时代.经济观察报,2005～10～17
[6]周峰,何光裕.电力市场环境下的发电公司经济运行.电力系统自动化,2002,26(9):20～22
[7]洪均.火电调峰机组负荷分配优化的数学模型.中国电机工程学报,1990,10(1):60～67
[8]张勇传.水电站经济运行原理.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998
[9]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1996
[10]蔡洋.电网经济调度应立即开展起来.电网技术,1994,18(1):47～49
[11]冯志刚.电厂机组最优负荷分配研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海交通大学,2007
[12]李太兴,张婷,陈文福.火电机组负荷优化分配算法分析比较.电气时代,2007,27(11):74～77
[13] Raymond R. Shoults, Show Kang Chang, Steve Helmick. A Practical Approach to Unit Commitment, Economic Dispatch and Savings Allocation for Multiple-area Pool Operation with Import/Export Constraints. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, 1980, 99(2): 625~634
[14] Fred N. Lee. Short-Term Thermal Unit Commitment-A New Method. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1988, 3(2): 421~427
[15] Fred N. Lee. The Application of Commitment Utilization Factor (CUF) to Thermal Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1991, 6(2): 691~698
[16] Fan J. Y., Zhang L., McDonald J. D. Enhanced Techniques on Sequential Unit Commitment with Interchange Transactions. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1996, 11(1):93~97
[17]刘可真,高峰,束洪春.一种实用的机组最优启停计划方法.昆明理工大学学报,2002,27(1):73～78
[18]葛晓霞.电厂负荷的最优分配汽轮机技术.汽轮机技术,1995,37(5):299～302
[19] Lowery P. G. Generating Unit Commitment by Dynamic Programming. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1966, 85(5):422~426
[20] Shahidehpour Mohammad. Security-Constrained Unit Commitment with Stochastic Constraints. Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2007: 1~3
[21] Snyder W. L., Powell H. D. Jr., Rayburn J. G. Dynamic Programming Approach to Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on PWRS, 1987, 2(2): 339~348
[22] Pang C. K., Chen H. C. Optimal Short-term Thermal Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1976, 95(4): 1336~1346
[23] Pang C. K., Sheble G. B., Albuyeh F. Evaluation of Dynamic Programming Based Methods and Multiple Area Representation for Thermal Unit Commitments. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1981, 100(3): 1212~1218
[24] Van den Bosch P. P. J., Honderd G. A Solution of the Unit Commitment Problem via Decomposition Programming. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1985, 104(7): 1684~1690
[25] Nieva R., Inda A., Guillen I. Lagrange Reduction of Search-range for Large Scale Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on PWRS, 1987, 2(2):465~473
[26]赵子臣,相年德,夏清,等.应用启法式与逐步动态规划法进行机组最优组合.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1997,37(1):57～60
[27]朱振清,王东平,孙启宏.机组组合的扩散并行遗传算法.西安交通大学学报,1998,32(5):102～104
[28]赖菲,管晓宏.利用参数扰动法解决相同机组调度问题.系统管理学报,1999,8(2):55～61
[29]王剑峰,顾新建,高国宁,等.电网调度计划编制方法.电力系统自动化,1998,22(4):44～46
[30]王平洋,王广生,胡兆平.加快遗传模糊算法的搜索过程.电网技术,1999,23(5):3～6
[31]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB13223-2003.中华人民共和国国家标准—火电厂大气污染物排放标准.北京:中国标准出版社,2003～01～01
[32] David C. Walters, Sheble G. B. Genetic Algorithm Solution of Economic Dispatch with Valve Point Loading. IEEE Transactions on Power System, 1993, 8(3): 1325~1332
[33]梁志宏,杨昆,孙耀唯,岳建华,徐鸿,顾煜炯.电力市场下机组变负荷速率控制与寿命管理技术支持系统的研究.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(20):100～105
[34] Geoffrion A. M. Proper Efficiency and the Theory of Vector Maximization. Journal of Mathematical Analysis on Applications, 1968, (22): 618~630
[35] Saaty, T. L. The Analytic Hierarchy Process. California Technology Institute: McGraw-Hill Publisher, 1980: 100~152
[36] Chang D.Y. Applications of the Extent Analysis Method on Fuzzy AHP. European Journal of Operational Research, 1996, (95): 649~655
[37] Hwang, H. S., Ko, W. H., Goan, M. J. Web-based Multi-attribute Analysis Model for Make-or-buy Decisions. Mathematical and Computer Modeling, 2007, 46(7~8): 1081~1090
[38] Tolgaa, E., Demircana, M. L., Kahraman, C. Operating System Selection Using Fuzzy Replacement Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process. International Journal of Production Economics, 2005, (97): 89~117.
[39] Li W., Shang Y. M., Wang D. Economic Evaluation of Limestone-gypsum Method Based on FAHP. Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application Proceedings, 2008, (1-3): 898~902
[40] Mikaeil, R., Naghadehi M. Z., Ataei M., Khalokakaie R. A Decision Support System Using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and TOPSIS Approaches for Selection of the Optimum Underground Mining Method. Archives of Mining Sciences, 2009, 54(2): 349~368
[2]焦玉梅.中国能源发展战略之我见.北方经济,2006,14(20):5～6
[3]苑中显.中国能源状况与发展对策.中国冶金,2005,14(5):7～9
[4]于尔铿,韩放,谢开,等.电力市场.北京:中国电力出版社,1998
[5]王延春,林凡.入网定价方案年内出台新能源发电打破火电时代.经济观察报,2005～10～17
[6]周峰,何光裕.电力市场环境下的发电公司经济运行.电力系统自动化,2002,26(9):20～22
[7]洪均.火电调峰机组负荷分配优化的数学模型.中国电机工程学报,1990,10(1):60～67
[8]张勇传.水电站经济运行原理.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998
[9]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1996
[10]蔡洋.电网经济调度应立即开展起来.电网技术,1994,18(1):47～49
[11]冯志刚.电厂机组最优负荷分配研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海交通大学,2007
[12]李太兴,张婷,陈文福.火电机组负荷优化分配算法分析比较.电气时代,2007,27(11):74～77
[13] Raymond R. Shoults, Show Kang Chang, Steve Helmick. A Practical Approach to Unit Commitment, Economic Dispatch and Savings Allocation for Multiple-area Pool Operation with Import/Export Constraints. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, 1980, 99(2): 625~634
[14] Fred N. Lee. Short-Term Thermal Unit Commitment-A New Method. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1988, 3(2): 421~427
[15] Fred N. Lee. The Application of Commitment Utilization Factor (CUF) to Thermal Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1991, 6(2): 691~698
[16] Fan J. Y., Zhang L., McDonald J. D. Enhanced Techniques on Sequential Unit Commitment with Interchange Transactions. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1996, 11(1):93~97
[17]刘可真,高峰,束洪春.一种实用的机组最优启停计划方法.昆明理工大学学报,2002,27(1):73～78
[18]葛晓霞.电厂负荷的最优分配汽轮机技术.汽轮机技术,1995,37(5):299～302
[19] Lowery P. G. Generating Unit Commitment by Dynamic Programming. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1966, 85(5):422~426
[20] Shahidehpour Mohammad. Security-Constrained Unit Commitment with Stochastic Constraints. Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2007: 1~3
[21] Snyder W. L., Powell H. D. Jr., Rayburn J. G. Dynamic Programming Approach to Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on PWRS, 1987, 2(2): 339~348
[22] Pang C. K., Chen H. C. Optimal Short-term Thermal Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1976, 95(4): 1336~1346
[23] Pang C. K., Sheble G. B., Albuyeh F. Evaluation of Dynamic Programming Based Methods and Multiple Area Representation for Thermal Unit Commitments. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1981, 100(3): 1212~1218
[24] Van den Bosch P. P. J., Honderd G. A Solution of the Unit Commitment Problem via Decomposition Programming. IEEE Transactions on PAS, 1985, 104(7): 1684~1690
[25] Nieva R., Inda A., Guillen I. Lagrange Reduction of Search-range for Large Scale Unit Commitment. IEEE Transactions on PWRS, 1987, 2(2):465~473
[26]赵子臣,相年德,夏清,等.应用启法式与逐步动态规划法进行机组最优组合.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1997,37(1):57～60
[27]朱振清,王东平,孙启宏.机组组合的扩散并行遗传算法.西安交通大学学报,1998,32(5):102～104
[28]赖菲,管晓宏.利用参数扰动法解决相同机组调度问题.系统管理学报,1999,8(2):55～61
[29]王剑峰,顾新建,高国宁,等.电网调度计划编制方法.电力系统自动化,1998,22(4):44～46
[30]王平洋,王广生,胡兆平.加快遗传模糊算法的搜索过程.电网技术,1999,23(5):3～6
[31]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB13223-2003.中华人民共和国国家标准—火电厂大气污染物排放标准.北京:中国标准出版社,2003～01～01
[32] David C. Walters, Sheble G. B. Genetic Algorithm Solution of Economic Dispatch with Valve Point Loading. IEEE Transactions on Power System, 1993, 8(3): 1325~1332
[33]梁志宏,杨昆,孙耀唯,岳建华,徐鸿,顾煜炯.电力市场下机组变负荷速率控制与寿命管理技术支持系统的研究.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(20):100～105
[34] Geoffrion A. M. Proper Efficiency and the Theory of Vector Maximization. Journal of Mathematical Analysis on Applications, 1968, (22): 618~630
[35] Saaty, T. L. The Analytic Hierarchy Process. California Technology Institute: McGraw-Hill Publisher, 1980: 100~152
[36] Chang D.Y. Applications of the Extent Analysis Method on Fuzzy AHP. European Journal of Operational Research, 1996, (95): 649~655
[37] Hwang, H. S., Ko, W. H., Goan, M. J. Web-based Multi-attribute Analysis Model for Make-or-buy Decisions. Mathematical and Computer Modeling, 2007, 46(7~8): 1081~1090
[38] Tolgaa, E., Demircana, M. L., Kahraman, C. Operating System Selection Using Fuzzy Replacement Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process. International Journal of Production Economics, 2005, (97): 89~117.
[39] Li W., Shang Y. M., Wang D. Economic Evaluation of Limestone-gypsum Method Based on FAHP. Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application Proceedings, 2008, (1-3): 898~902
[40] Mikaeil, R., Naghadehi M. Z., Ataei M., Khalokakaie R. A Decision Support System Using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and TOPSIS Approaches for Selection of the Optimum Underground Mining Method. Archives of Mining Sciences, 2009, 54(2): 349~368
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