基于SuperMap的土地生态经济适宜性评价系统的建设与开发
|
摘要
日益退化的生态环境和有限的土地资源与人口增长的矛盾，使得人类面临着严峻的挑战。因此，必须始终坚持“十分珍惜、合理利用土地和切实保护耕地”的基本国策，正确处理协调好经济发展、资源保护和生态环境建设之间的关系，保障社会经济的可持续发展。这些是区域生态环境与经济建设的准绳。但是，目前我国大部分地区对于土地资源的管理手段仍然比较落后。为了加快实现我国土地资源管理的现代化步伐，满足土地管理部门对土地资源管理的需求，实现土地资源生态经济适宜性评价的实时性、动态性。作者利用计算机技术与地理信息系统技术相结合，建立了延安燕儿沟流域赵庄村的土地生态经济适宜性评价系统，尝试了对该村的土地资源进行科学管理，用以实现对土地利用现状及经营情况及时、准确地掌握，为相关人员提供信息服务和技术支撑。
根据信息系统的理论，本文首先对系统开发的可行性、必要性进行了分析。在此基础上，进行了系统分析、规划和设计；分析了系统的结构；探讨了在Delphi可视化编程环境下应用面向对象的程序设计方法，事件驱动编程机制、开发该系统的基本思想和技术路线；同时对应用地理信息系统SuperMap控件进行二次开发，制作出土地利用图、区位图等各种专题地图以及对空间数据库的建立和电子地图的设计等方面进行了研究。
本系统建立在地理信息系统基础上，以系统科学为指导，综合运用信息学、计算机科学、土地资源学等多学科知识，应用系统工程理论与方法，通过对系统目标与任务、用户需求分析、数据源分析，进行了系统的结构和功能设计。以此为依据，进一步进行数据库的概念与逻辑设计，经过数据分类、编码等的处理，建立了一个包括图形、文本、表格等数据类型的空间数据库。本系统由数据集管理、地图浏览、电子地图生成、信息查询、用户管理、网络导航等模块构成，各模块之间相互独立运行，增强了系统的独立性，便于系统的管理与维护。本系统以面向对象技术与控件技术为实现手段，并基于图形用户界面的设计思想，使系统具有结构合理，功能强大、界面友好、操作简便、服务功能更强的特点。
本系统的突出之处在于将前沿的地理信息系统技术与管理信息系统理论有机的结合，综合集成了多种新技术，解决了传统信息系统中难以解决的空间分析难题，为土地资源的生态经济适宜性评价提供了一个可视化平台。
With increasing degenerative environment and conflict between land resources and growing population, people are facing serious challenge. So we must always adhere to the basic national policy, that is, "quite cherishing, using land resources and protecting infield actually", and rightly deal with connection in between economic development and resources protection and environment constructing, and ensure sustaining development of social and economy, which is a yardstick of the creation of district ecology environment and economy constructing. But, at present the management means of land resources is laggard at a majority of areas in our country. Therefore, for realizing modernization of land resources management of our nation quickly, being meet for the need of land management department, this paper utilized that computer software technology was combined with the development tool of Geography Information System (GIS) to create the Land Resources Ecological Economical Suitability Evaluation System (LRES), and
attempted scientific management to land resources of Zhao zhuang Village Yan Er Gou Watershed Yenan City in order to realize in control exactly of land use present condition in time and supply with decision-making support for this areas.
According to the theory of information system, this dissertation assays the feasibility and necessary of developing the LRES. Based on that, the system was analyzed, schemed and designed. The structure of system was analyzed and the basic thinking and technology route were probing that applying object-oriented program design method, event-run mechanism, and developing LRES by using DelphiS.O visual program circumstance. At the same time, the make the landuse thematic map and the location thematic map by applying SuperMap GIS ActiveX to develop secondly, founded spatial database, and designed electronic map were studied.
This system is based on GIS. Under the direction of the theory of system science, subject-intellectual knowledge is comprehensively applied in the paper, such as information science, computer science and land resources, and so on. Application of the systemic project and method, the system was designed by analyzing the object and mission of the system, the user's demand and the sources of data. Based on that, furthermore, the concept and logic of the database was designed. After classifying and coding of the data, a spatial database including such data types as text, figures and tables was built.
This system consists concretely of dataset management, map browse, electronic map creation, information finding, user logging in and administration, network navigation modules and etc. Every module was run autonomously to improve the independence of the system in order to manage and assert the system. The system
used Object-Oriented and Controller-Oriented ActiveX. In addition, the system was based on GUI design idea, which was characteristic of frame in reason, mighty functions, friendly interface, simple use and strong service function.
The merit of the system is organically combination GIS with MIS. The combination makes it possible to solve the difficult problem, which cannot be solved by the traditional MIS. The system offers a visual interface for LRES.
根据信息系统的理论，本文首先对系统开发的可行性、必要性进行了分析。在此基础上，进行了系统分析、规划和设计；分析了系统的结构；探讨了在Delphi可视化编程环境下应用面向对象的程序设计方法，事件驱动编程机制、开发该系统的基本思想和技术路线；同时对应用地理信息系统SuperMap控件进行二次开发，制作出土地利用图、区位图等各种专题地图以及对空间数据库的建立和电子地图的设计等方面进行了研究。
本系统建立在地理信息系统基础上，以系统科学为指导，综合运用信息学、计算机科学、土地资源学等多学科知识，应用系统工程理论与方法，通过对系统目标与任务、用户需求分析、数据源分析，进行了系统的结构和功能设计。以此为依据，进一步进行数据库的概念与逻辑设计，经过数据分类、编码等的处理，建立了一个包括图形、文本、表格等数据类型的空间数据库。本系统由数据集管理、地图浏览、电子地图生成、信息查询、用户管理、网络导航等模块构成，各模块之间相互独立运行，增强了系统的独立性，便于系统的管理与维护。本系统以面向对象技术与控件技术为实现手段，并基于图形用户界面的设计思想，使系统具有结构合理，功能强大、界面友好、操作简便、服务功能更强的特点。
本系统的突出之处在于将前沿的地理信息系统技术与管理信息系统理论有机的结合，综合集成了多种新技术，解决了传统信息系统中难以解决的空间分析难题，为土地资源的生态经济适宜性评价提供了一个可视化平台。
With increasing degenerative environment and conflict between land resources and growing population, people are facing serious challenge. So we must always adhere to the basic national policy, that is, "quite cherishing, using land resources and protecting infield actually", and rightly deal with connection in between economic development and resources protection and environment constructing, and ensure sustaining development of social and economy, which is a yardstick of the creation of district ecology environment and economy constructing. But, at present the management means of land resources is laggard at a majority of areas in our country. Therefore, for realizing modernization of land resources management of our nation quickly, being meet for the need of land management department, this paper utilized that computer software technology was combined with the development tool of Geography Information System (GIS) to create the Land Resources Ecological Economical Suitability Evaluation System (LRES), and
attempted scientific management to land resources of Zhao zhuang Village Yan Er Gou Watershed Yenan City in order to realize in control exactly of land use present condition in time and supply with decision-making support for this areas.
According to the theory of information system, this dissertation assays the feasibility and necessary of developing the LRES. Based on that, the system was analyzed, schemed and designed. The structure of system was analyzed and the basic thinking and technology route were probing that applying object-oriented program design method, event-run mechanism, and developing LRES by using DelphiS.O visual program circumstance. At the same time, the make the landuse thematic map and the location thematic map by applying SuperMap GIS ActiveX to develop secondly, founded spatial database, and designed electronic map were studied.
This system is based on GIS. Under the direction of the theory of system science, subject-intellectual knowledge is comprehensively applied in the paper, such as information science, computer science and land resources, and so on. Application of the systemic project and method, the system was designed by analyzing the object and mission of the system, the user's demand and the sources of data. Based on that, furthermore, the concept and logic of the database was designed. After classifying and coding of the data, a spatial database including such data types as text, figures and tables was built.
This system consists concretely of dataset management, map browse, electronic map creation, information finding, user logging in and administration, network navigation modules and etc. Every module was run autonomously to improve the independence of the system in order to manage and assert the system. The system
used Object-Oriented and Controller-Oriented ActiveX. In addition, the system was based on GUI design idea, which was characteristic of frame in reason, mighty functions, friendly interface, simple use and strong service function.
The merit of the system is organically combination GIS with MIS. The combination makes it possible to solve the difficult problem, which cannot be solved by the traditional MIS. The system offers a visual interface for LRES.
引文
[1]．邬伦，刘瑜，张晶等．地理信息系统原理方法与应用．北京：科学出版社，2001．
[2]．陈述彭主编．遥感大辞典．北京：科学出版社，1990．
[3]．边馥苓．地理信息系统原理与方法．北京：测绘出版社，1996．
[4]．张建平，任福继，叶荣华等．地理信息系统与MapInfo应用．北京：科学出版社，1999．
[5]．陈述彭，鲁学军，周成虎等．地理信息系统导论．北京：科学出版社，2000．
[6]．龚健雅，夏宗国．GIS软件发展概况及趋势．西北测绘信息，1997(2)．
[7]．关泽群，秦昆．ArcInfo基础教程．北京：测绘出版社．2002．
[8]．汤国安，赵牡丹．地理信息系统．北京：科学出版社．2000．
[9]．杜培军，高井祥，张书毕．基于VB可视化集成环境的测量学试题库管理系统研制．测绘通报，2000(3)．
[10]．王卉．GIS工具软件可视化设计中的几个问题．测绘通报，1998(12)．
[11]．薛华成．管理信息系统．北京：清华大学出版社．2000．
[12]．本书编委会．程序设计Delphi 5．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．
[13]．张会儒．森林资源数据库的建立及应用．林业科技通讯，1995(11)．
[14]．陈述彭．数字地球百问．北京：科学出版社，1999：2．
[15]．李德仁．数字地球与3S技术．地理信息系统论坛：http://www.gischina.com
[16]．GIS最新趋势．http://www.digitalcq.com
[17]．组件式GIS与MapX．地理信息系统论坛：http://www.gischina.com.
[18]．路甬祥．合作开发“数字地球”，共享全球数据资源．中国图像图形学报，2000 5(11)：1-5．
[19]．徐冠华．构筑“数字地球”，促进中国和全球的可持续发展，遥感信息，1999(4)：10-12．
[20]. Lenczowski R E. Global Geospatial Information: The Challenge and the Response. ACSM/ASPRS, Annual Convention & Exposition Technical papers, Charlotte, North Carolina, 1995(2): 33-37.
[21]．黄杏元．地理信息系统概论．北京：高等教育出版社，1989．
[22]．吴信才．地理信息系统的基本技术与发展动态．地球科学，1998，7．
[23]．郝启堂．Delphi 4使用开发指南．北京：人民邮电出版社，1999．
[24]．刘海涛．学用Delphi 4．北京：清华大学出版社．1999．
[25]．曹瑜，胡光道．地理信息系统在国内外应用现状．计算机与现代化，1999，61(3)．
[26]．王见，刘小勇．地理信息系统应用与发展．新疆农业大学学报，2000，23(3)：50-4．
[27]．任晓净．陕西省陆生野生动物资源调查管理信息系统的研究．西北农林科技大学2001届硕士学位论文，2001．
[28]．王桥，魏斌．地理信息系统在我国环境保护中的应用．测绘通报，1999(10)．
[29]．宋关福，钟耳顺．组件是地理信息系统研究与开发．中国图像图形学报，1998(5)．
[30]．宋关福，钟耳顺，王尔琪．WebGIS—基于Internet的地理信息系统．中国图像图形学报，1998(3)．
[31]．钟耳顺，宋关福，王尔琪．GIS组件化与组件式GIS研究．http://www.gischina.com
[32]．蔡少华，王家耀，秦志远．面向对象技术与部件对象模型在GIS开发中的应用．中国地理信息系统协会第三届年会论文集，1997．
[33]．李德仁，龚健雅，边馥苓．地理信息系统导论．北京：测绘出版社，1993．
[34]．黄杏元，汤勤．地理信息系统概论．北京：高等教育出版社，1989．
[35]．承继成，林珲，周成虎．数字地球导论．北京：科学出版社，2000．
[36]．中国测绘学会地图学GIS专业委员会．地图学与地理信息系统的现状与趋势．测绘通报，1997(6)．
[37]. Al Gore. The Digital Earth: Understanding Our Planet in the 21st Century. Speech delivered at the California Science Center (CSC), Los Angeles, and CA.31 January 1998.
[38]．李永树，刘文熙等．数字地球及其是实施策略的探讨．四川测绘，2000，23(2)：51-54．
[39]. http://159.226.117.45/Digital Earth/c-index.htm.
[40]．岳剑波．数字地球及其关键技术．中国信息导报，1999，9．
[41]．杨崇俊．“数字地球”周年综述．测绘软科学研究，1999，5(3)：1-4．
[42]．徐祖舰．GIS入门与提高．重庆：重庆大学出版社．2001．
[43]．王志臣．美国地理信息系统应用和技术发展现状．林业资源管理，1996(4)．
[44]. http://www.supermap.com.
[45]．张祖勋，黄明智．时态GIS数据结构研究．测绘通报，1996(1)．
[46]. ESRI. The Geographic Information System for Everyone. ESRI, 1994.
[47]．“数字地球”北京宣言．遥感信息，1999(4)：9-10．
[48]. http://www.mapinfo.com
[49]. http://www.mapgis.com.cn
[50]．王人潮．农业资源信息系统．北京：中国农业出版社，1999．
[51]．朱德海，严泰来，杨永侠．土地管理信息系统．北京：中国农业大学出版社，2000．
[2]．陈述彭主编．遥感大辞典．北京：科学出版社，1990．
[3]．边馥苓．地理信息系统原理与方法．北京：测绘出版社，1996．
[4]．张建平，任福继，叶荣华等．地理信息系统与MapInfo应用．北京：科学出版社，1999．
[5]．陈述彭，鲁学军，周成虎等．地理信息系统导论．北京：科学出版社，2000．
[6]．龚健雅，夏宗国．GIS软件发展概况及趋势．西北测绘信息，1997(2)．
[7]．关泽群，秦昆．ArcInfo基础教程．北京：测绘出版社．2002．
[8]．汤国安，赵牡丹．地理信息系统．北京：科学出版社．2000．
[9]．杜培军，高井祥，张书毕．基于VB可视化集成环境的测量学试题库管理系统研制．测绘通报，2000(3)．
[10]．王卉．GIS工具软件可视化设计中的几个问题．测绘通报，1998(12)．
[11]．薛华成．管理信息系统．北京：清华大学出版社．2000．
[12]．本书编委会．程序设计Delphi 5．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．
[13]．张会儒．森林资源数据库的建立及应用．林业科技通讯，1995(11)．
[14]．陈述彭．数字地球百问．北京：科学出版社，1999：2．
[15]．李德仁．数字地球与3S技术．地理信息系统论坛：http://www.gischina.com
[16]．GIS最新趋势．http://www.digitalcq.com
[17]．组件式GIS与MapX．地理信息系统论坛：http://www.gischina.com.
[18]．路甬祥．合作开发“数字地球”，共享全球数据资源．中国图像图形学报，2000 5(11)：1-5．
[19]．徐冠华．构筑“数字地球”，促进中国和全球的可持续发展，遥感信息，1999(4)：10-12．
[20]. Lenczowski R E. Global Geospatial Information: The Challenge and the Response. ACSM/ASPRS, Annual Convention & Exposition Technical papers, Charlotte, North Carolina, 1995(2): 33-37.
[21]．黄杏元．地理信息系统概论．北京：高等教育出版社，1989．
[22]．吴信才．地理信息系统的基本技术与发展动态．地球科学，1998，7．
[23]．郝启堂．Delphi 4使用开发指南．北京：人民邮电出版社，1999．
[24]．刘海涛．学用Delphi 4．北京：清华大学出版社．1999．
[25]．曹瑜，胡光道．地理信息系统在国内外应用现状．计算机与现代化，1999，61(3)．
[26]．王见，刘小勇．地理信息系统应用与发展．新疆农业大学学报，2000，23(3)：50-4．
[27]．任晓净．陕西省陆生野生动物资源调查管理信息系统的研究．西北农林科技大学2001届硕士学位论文，2001．
[28]．王桥，魏斌．地理信息系统在我国环境保护中的应用．测绘通报，1999(10)．
[29]．宋关福，钟耳顺．组件是地理信息系统研究与开发．中国图像图形学报，1998(5)．
[30]．宋关福，钟耳顺，王尔琪．WebGIS—基于Internet的地理信息系统．中国图像图形学报，1998(3)．
[31]．钟耳顺，宋关福，王尔琪．GIS组件化与组件式GIS研究．http://www.gischina.com
[32]．蔡少华，王家耀，秦志远．面向对象技术与部件对象模型在GIS开发中的应用．中国地理信息系统协会第三届年会论文集，1997．
[33]．李德仁，龚健雅，边馥苓．地理信息系统导论．北京：测绘出版社，1993．
[34]．黄杏元，汤勤．地理信息系统概论．北京：高等教育出版社，1989．
[35]．承继成，林珲，周成虎．数字地球导论．北京：科学出版社，2000．
[36]．中国测绘学会地图学GIS专业委员会．地图学与地理信息系统的现状与趋势．测绘通报，1997(6)．
[37]. Al Gore. The Digital Earth: Understanding Our Planet in the 21st Century. Speech delivered at the California Science Center (CSC), Los Angeles, and CA.31 January 1998.
[38]．李永树，刘文熙等．数字地球及其是实施策略的探讨．四川测绘，2000，23(2)：51-54．
[39]. http://159.226.117.45/Digital Earth/c-index.htm.
[40]．岳剑波．数字地球及其关键技术．中国信息导报，1999，9．
[41]．杨崇俊．“数字地球”周年综述．测绘软科学研究，1999，5(3)：1-4．
[42]．徐祖舰．GIS入门与提高．重庆：重庆大学出版社．2001．
[43]．王志臣．美国地理信息系统应用和技术发展现状．林业资源管理，1996(4)．
[44]. http://www.supermap.com.
[45]．张祖勋，黄明智．时态GIS数据结构研究．测绘通报，1996(1)．
[46]. ESRI. The Geographic Information System for Everyone. ESRI, 1994.
[47]．“数字地球”北京宣言．遥感信息，1999(4)：9-10．
[48]. http://www.mapinfo.com
[49]. http://www.mapgis.com.cn
[50]．王人潮．农业资源信息系统．北京：中国农业出版社，1999．
[51]．朱德海，严泰来，杨永侠．土地管理信息系统．北京：中国农业大学出版社，2000．
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |