基于RFID的钢构件施工进度监测系统研究
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摘要
钢结构建筑面临着管理成千上万个钢构件施工进度的难题,按照常规做法,通过人工方式记录和汇报进度数据,往往会出现数据错误率高,或数据不能及时传递的现象,导致施工进度偏差不能及时被项目经理掌握,甚至会延误总工期。这是因为每个人的书写风格不相同,容易造成数据转抄错误;而数据传递环节过多则会导致进度信息迟迟不能被进度监控者掌握。因此,如何改善进度监测的方式,对于保证工程总体进度按时完成有着重要的意义。
RFID(Radio Frequency Identification),是一种非接触式自动识别技术。目前已被广泛应用于工业自动化、商业自动化、交通运输控制管理等众多领域。但是,由于建筑工地恶劣的环境,RFID在这方面鲜有应用。近年来,随着RFID技术的进一步发展,它逐渐被应用于建筑产品的识别和追踪等。
本文建立了一个基于RFID的钢构件施工进度监测系统。论文首先对系统的功能模块、系统结构、系统流程和数据库结构进行分析与设计。其次对钢构件的编码体系、信息采集子系统和信息处理子系统的开发做详细分析。最后通过案例模拟分析系统运行效果。
本系统能够采集每个钢构件进入工地后的施工进度实时数据,减少了数据传递的环节,提高了数据的准确性,保证了对钢构件施工进度的精确控制。同时,还可以提高钢构件进场验收的效率,节省清点钢构件所需的劳动力成本。
It need manage thousands of steel components for large steel structure work. If recording and delivering progress datas by labor, there will be many mistakes or the datas can't be known by project manager in time, which will cause the whole progress to delay. That is because different people have different write habbits, and datas transfer process will become complex because of communication problems. So how to improve the way of progress supervision is very important for the whole project progress which should be completed on time.
RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) is a non-contact automatic recognition technology, which is widely applied in industrial automation, business automation, traffic management and so on. But there are few applications in construction area because of rugged environment. Now the technology is being improved quickly, and is applied in tracting building products.
This paper has built a steel components construction progress supervision system based on radio frequency identification. First, it designed the modules, the structure, the data flow and the database structure of the system. Then, it builded a code system of the steel components, and developed the information acquisition subsystem and the information processing subsystem. At last, it analyzed effect of the system by simulated conditions of project.
This system can collect real-time progress datas of each steel component in the construction site, then utilize Project 2000 to supervise the whole progress of steel components. It reduces transfer time of the datas, improves the correct rate of the datas, and lets us control progress precisely. At the same time, it improves efficiency of steel component receipt process, saves labor cost which should be spent in the receipt process.
RFID(Radio Frequency Identification),是一种非接触式自动识别技术。目前已被广泛应用于工业自动化、商业自动化、交通运输控制管理等众多领域。但是,由于建筑工地恶劣的环境,RFID在这方面鲜有应用。近年来,随着RFID技术的进一步发展,它逐渐被应用于建筑产品的识别和追踪等。
本文建立了一个基于RFID的钢构件施工进度监测系统。论文首先对系统的功能模块、系统结构、系统流程和数据库结构进行分析与设计。其次对钢构件的编码体系、信息采集子系统和信息处理子系统的开发做详细分析。最后通过案例模拟分析系统运行效果。
本系统能够采集每个钢构件进入工地后的施工进度实时数据,减少了数据传递的环节,提高了数据的准确性,保证了对钢构件施工进度的精确控制。同时,还可以提高钢构件进场验收的效率,节省清点钢构件所需的劳动力成本。
It need manage thousands of steel components for large steel structure work. If recording and delivering progress datas by labor, there will be many mistakes or the datas can't be known by project manager in time, which will cause the whole progress to delay. That is because different people have different write habbits, and datas transfer process will become complex because of communication problems. So how to improve the way of progress supervision is very important for the whole project progress which should be completed on time.
RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) is a non-contact automatic recognition technology, which is widely applied in industrial automation, business automation, traffic management and so on. But there are few applications in construction area because of rugged environment. Now the technology is being improved quickly, and is applied in tracting building products.
This paper has built a steel components construction progress supervision system based on radio frequency identification. First, it designed the modules, the structure, the data flow and the database structure of the system. Then, it builded a code system of the steel components, and developed the information acquisition subsystem and the information processing subsystem. At last, it analyzed effect of the system by simulated conditions of project.
This system can collect real-time progress datas of each steel component in the construction site, then utilize Project 2000 to supervise the whole progress of steel components. It reduces transfer time of the datas, improves the correct rate of the datas, and lets us control progress precisely. At the same time, it improves efficiency of steel component receipt process, saves labor cost which should be spent in the receipt process.
引文
[1]林知炎,曹吉鸣.工程施工组织与管理.上海:同济大学出版社.2002
[2]陈建国,林知炎.工程项目管理.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1998
[3]王端良.建设项目进度控制.北京:中国水利水电出版社.1999
[4]李曼.RFID:后条码时代的先锋[J].现代商业,2006(9):62-64.
[5]赵洁.RFID技术可能引发购物革命[J].电子元器件应用,2006(9):14-16.
[6]游战清,李苏剑等编著.无线射频识别技术(RFID)理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[7]中华人民共和国科学技术部等十五部委.中国射频识别(RFID)技术政策白皮书.2006
[8]张铁军.RFID(射频识别)系统开发及应用研究:[硕士学位论文]西安交通大学,2002
[9]Astley,M.,Sturman,et al,Customizable middleware for modular distributed software.Commun.ACM 44,2001,5:99-107
[10]Sandoval-Reyes,S.;Perez,J.L.S.Mobile RFID Reader with Database Wireless Synchronization.Electrical and Electronics Engineering,2005 2nd International Conference on 07-09 Sept.2005 Page(s):5-8.
[11]CII.RFID in the Construction Industry.April 2002
[12]Jalelkis,Edward J.et.al.Radio-Frequency Identification Applications in Construction Industry.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management.June 1995.ASCE Website.Pages 183-191
[13]Lewis,Christina.How RFID Tracks Machine Tools.Design News,17 January,2000
[14]CII Research Team.RFID Applications for Owners and Contractors.PowerPoint Presentation,2003.ADCIC
[15]Davidson,I.N.,and Skibniewski,M.J.(1995)."Simulation of automated data collection in buildings." J.Comput.Civ.Eng.,9(1),9-20
[16]Navon,R.(2005)."Automated project performance control of construction projects." Autom.Constr.,14,467-476
[17]Acronym.Review of the current state of Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)Technology,its use and potential future use in Construction.RFID in Construction December 2006
[18]薄卫彪.建设项目进度计划智能安排研究:[硕士学位论文]同济大学,2006
[19]Esin Ergen~a,Burcu Akinci~b,Rafael Sacks~c.Life-cycle data management of engineered-to-order components using radio frequency identification.Advanced Engineering Informatics.,21(2007)356-366
[20]Baldwin,A.N.,Thorpe,A.,and Carter,C.(1999)."The use of electronic information exchange on construction alliance projects." Autom. Constr, 8,651-662.
[21] Chang, H. E., Christodoulou, S., and Griffis, F. H. (2001). "Improving the construction project process by a collaborative construction information system (CCIS) - An approach to integrating construction systems in Fiapp." Proc, ASCE Conf. on Computing in Civil Engineering, Specialty Conf. on Fully Integrated and Automated Project Processes (FIAPP), Blacksburgh, Va.
[22] Cheok, G. S., Lipman, R. R., Witzgall, C, Bernal, J., and Stone, W. C. (2000). NIST Construction Automation Program Rep. No: 4 Non-Intrusive Scanning Technology for Construction Status Determination, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md.
[23] Davidson, I. N., and Skibniewski, M. J. (1995). "Simulation of automated data collection in buildings." J. Comput. Civ. Eng., 9(1), 9-20. ESS. (2005). "Information dependency analysis of service networks.".
[24] Garza, J., and Howitt, I. (1998). "Wireless communication and computing at the construction job site." Autom. Constr., 7,327-347.
[25] Hiremath, H. R., and Skibniewski, M. J. (2004). "Object-oriented modeling of construction processes by unified modeling language." Autom. Constr., 13,447-468.
[26] Howell, G., and Ballard, G. (1997). Lean construction factors affecting project success in the piping function, L. Alarcon, ed., AA Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
[27] Identec. (2004). "Identec solutions I-Q tag series technical specifications." Identec Solutions, Kelowna, Canada, (February 2005).
[28] Jaselskis, E. J., Anderson, M. R., Jahren, C. T., Rodriguez, Y., and Njos,S. (1995). "Radio-frequency identification applications in construction industry." J. Constr. Eng. Manage., 121(2), 189-196.
[29] Keceli F. (2005). "Simulation environment." (October 2005).
[30] Kern, F. (2002). "Precise determination of volume with terestical 3Dlaserscanner." Proc., 2nd symposium on geodesy for geotechnical and structural engineering, Vol. II, 531 - 534, Berlin, Germany.
[31] Kunz, J. C., Christiansen, T. R., Cohen, G. P., Jin, Y., and Levitt, R. E. (1998). "The virtual design team." Commun. ACM, 41(11), 84-91.
[32] Liu, L. Y. (1995). "Digital data-collection device for construction site documentation." Proc, 2nd Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering, Atlanta, 1287-1293.
[33] McCullouch, B. (1997). "Automating field data collection on construction organizations." Proc, 5th Construction Congress: Managing Engineered Construction in Expanding Global Markets, Minneapolis, 957-963.
[34] Navon, R. (2005). "Automated project performance control of construction projects." Autom. Constr., 14,467-476.
[35] Navon, R., and Goldschmidt, E. (1999). "Automated data acquisition for on-site control." Proc, 16th IAARC/IFAC/IEEE International Symp. on Automation and Robotics in Construction, Madrid, Spain, 681-686.
[36] Oloufa, A. A., Hosni, Y. A., Fayez, M., and Axelsson, P. (2004). "Using DSM for modeling information flow in construction design projects." Civ. Eng. Environ. Syst., 21(2), 105-125.
[37] Pekericli, M. K., Akinci, B., and Karaesmen, I. (2004). "Engineering the incorporation of information technologies into construction service networks." Proc.,National Science Foundation Design,Service and Manufacture and Industrial Innovation Grantees and Research Conf.,Dallas,Tex.
[38]Reinhardt,J.,Akinci,B.,and Garrett,J.H.(2004)."Navigational models for computer supported project management tasks on construction sites." J.Comput.Civ.Eng.,18(4),281-290.
[39]Trupp,T.,Soibelman,L.,Hashash,T.M.A.,and Liu,L.Y.(2004)."Novel technologies for construction field data collection." Proc.,10th ICCCBE,Weimar,Germany.
[40]齐良春,侯开虎,张培发.基于自动识别与数据采集技术的质量监控系统构架研究.机电工程技术,2006,Vol.35(11)
[41]毛振华,屈青山.建筑企业基础信息规范编码系统.施工技术,2005.2,Vol.34(2)
[42]谭民,刘禹,曾隽芳.RFID技术系统工程及应用指南.北京:机械工业出版社.2007
[43]宁焕生,张彦.RFID产品研发及生产关键技术.北京:电子工业出版社.2007
[44]Klaus Finkenzeller,陈大才,王卓人.射频识别(RFID)技术.北京:电子工业出版社.2001
[45]游战清,刘克胜,张义强,吴谷.无限射频识别技术(RFID)规划与实施.北京:电子工业出版社.2005
[46]薛华成.管理信息系统.北京:清华大学出版社.2002
[47]罗志高,张海康,李智波,苏恒阳,罗梓元.数据库原理与应用教程.广州:中山大学出版社.2007
[48]梁树军,张建伟.数据库系统及应用.北京:中国电力出版社.2007
[49]叶小平.数据库系统基础教程.北京:清华大学出版社.2007
[50]单东方,孙凌云,杨桃红,刁春风.北京:科学出版社.2003
[2]陈建国,林知炎.工程项目管理.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1998
[3]王端良.建设项目进度控制.北京:中国水利水电出版社.1999
[4]李曼.RFID:后条码时代的先锋[J].现代商业,2006(9):62-64.
[5]赵洁.RFID技术可能引发购物革命[J].电子元器件应用,2006(9):14-16.
[6]游战清,李苏剑等编著.无线射频识别技术(RFID)理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[7]中华人民共和国科学技术部等十五部委.中国射频识别(RFID)技术政策白皮书.2006
[8]张铁军.RFID(射频识别)系统开发及应用研究:[硕士学位论文]西安交通大学,2002
[9]Astley,M.,Sturman,et al,Customizable middleware for modular distributed software.Commun.ACM 44,2001,5:99-107
[10]Sandoval-Reyes,S.;Perez,J.L.S.Mobile RFID Reader with Database Wireless Synchronization.Electrical and Electronics Engineering,2005 2nd International Conference on 07-09 Sept.2005 Page(s):5-8.
[11]CII.RFID in the Construction Industry.April 2002
[12]Jalelkis,Edward J.et.al.Radio-Frequency Identification Applications in Construction Industry.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management.June 1995.ASCE Website.Pages 183-191
[13]Lewis,Christina.How RFID Tracks Machine Tools.Design News,17 January,2000
[14]CII Research Team.RFID Applications for Owners and Contractors.PowerPoint Presentation,2003.ADCIC
[15]Davidson,I.N.,and Skibniewski,M.J.(1995)."Simulation of automated data collection in buildings." J.Comput.Civ.Eng.,9(1),9-20
[16]Navon,R.(2005)."Automated project performance control of construction projects." Autom.Constr.,14,467-476
[17]Acronym.Review of the current state of Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)Technology,its use and potential future use in Construction.RFID in Construction December 2006
[18]薄卫彪.建设项目进度计划智能安排研究:[硕士学位论文]同济大学,2006
[19]Esin Ergen~a,Burcu Akinci~b,Rafael Sacks~c.Life-cycle data management of engineered-to-order components using radio frequency identification.Advanced Engineering Informatics.,21(2007)356-366
[20]Baldwin,A.N.,Thorpe,A.,and Carter,C.(1999)."The use of electronic information exchange on construction alliance projects." Autom. Constr, 8,651-662.
[21] Chang, H. E., Christodoulou, S., and Griffis, F. H. (2001). "Improving the construction project process by a collaborative construction information system (CCIS) - An approach to integrating construction systems in Fiapp." Proc, ASCE Conf. on Computing in Civil Engineering, Specialty Conf. on Fully Integrated and Automated Project Processes (FIAPP), Blacksburgh, Va.
[22] Cheok, G. S., Lipman, R. R., Witzgall, C, Bernal, J., and Stone, W. C. (2000). NIST Construction Automation Program Rep. No: 4 Non-Intrusive Scanning Technology for Construction Status Determination, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md.
[23] Davidson, I. N., and Skibniewski, M. J. (1995). "Simulation of automated data collection in buildings." J. Comput. Civ. Eng., 9(1), 9-20. ESS. (2005). "Information dependency analysis of service networks."
[24] Garza, J., and Howitt, I. (1998). "Wireless communication and computing at the construction job site." Autom. Constr., 7,327-347.
[25] Hiremath, H. R., and Skibniewski, M. J. (2004). "Object-oriented modeling of construction processes by unified modeling language." Autom. Constr., 13,447-468.
[26] Howell, G., and Ballard, G. (1997). Lean construction factors affecting project success in the piping function, L. Alarcon, ed., AA Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
[27] Identec. (2004). "Identec solutions I-Q tag series technical specifications." Identec Solutions, Kelowna, Canada,
[28] Jaselskis, E. J., Anderson, M. R., Jahren, C. T., Rodriguez, Y., and Njos,S. (1995). "Radio-frequency identification applications in construction industry." J. Constr. Eng. Manage., 121(2), 189-196.
[29] Keceli F. (2005). "Simulation environment."
[30] Kern, F. (2002). "Precise determination of volume with terestical 3Dlaserscanner." Proc., 2nd symposium on geodesy for geotechnical and structural engineering, Vol. II, 531 - 534, Berlin, Germany.
[31] Kunz, J. C., Christiansen, T. R., Cohen, G. P., Jin, Y., and Levitt, R. E. (1998). "The virtual design team." Commun. ACM, 41(11), 84-91.
[32] Liu, L. Y. (1995). "Digital data-collection device for construction site documentation." Proc, 2nd Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering, Atlanta, 1287-1293.
[33] McCullouch, B. (1997). "Automating field data collection on construction organizations." Proc, 5th Construction Congress: Managing Engineered Construction in Expanding Global Markets, Minneapolis, 957-963.
[34] Navon, R. (2005). "Automated project performance control of construction projects." Autom. Constr., 14,467-476.
[35] Navon, R., and Goldschmidt, E. (1999). "Automated data acquisition for on-site control." Proc, 16th IAARC/IFAC/IEEE International Symp. on Automation and Robotics in Construction, Madrid, Spain, 681-686.
[36] Oloufa, A. A., Hosni, Y. A., Fayez, M., and Axelsson, P. (2004). "Using DSM for modeling information flow in construction design projects." Civ. Eng. Environ. Syst., 21(2), 105-125.
[37] Pekericli, M. K., Akinci, B., and Karaesmen, I. (2004). "Engineering the incorporation of information technologies into construction service networks." Proc.,National Science Foundation Design,Service and Manufacture and Industrial Innovation Grantees and Research Conf.,Dallas,Tex.
[38]Reinhardt,J.,Akinci,B.,and Garrett,J.H.(2004)."Navigational models for computer supported project management tasks on construction sites." J.Comput.Civ.Eng.,18(4),281-290.
[39]Trupp,T.,Soibelman,L.,Hashash,T.M.A.,and Liu,L.Y.(2004)."Novel technologies for construction field data collection." Proc.,10th ICCCBE,Weimar,Germany.
[40]齐良春,侯开虎,张培发.基于自动识别与数据采集技术的质量监控系统构架研究.机电工程技术,2006,Vol.35(11)
[41]毛振华,屈青山.建筑企业基础信息规范编码系统.施工技术,2005.2,Vol.34(2)
[42]谭民,刘禹,曾隽芳.RFID技术系统工程及应用指南.北京:机械工业出版社.2007
[43]宁焕生,张彦.RFID产品研发及生产关键技术.北京:电子工业出版社.2007
[44]Klaus Finkenzeller,陈大才,王卓人.射频识别(RFID)技术.北京:电子工业出版社.2001
[45]游战清,刘克胜,张义强,吴谷.无限射频识别技术(RFID)规划与实施.北京:电子工业出版社.2005
[46]薛华成.管理信息系统.北京:清华大学出版社.2002
[47]罗志高,张海康,李智波,苏恒阳,罗梓元.数据库原理与应用教程.广州:中山大学出版社.2007
[48]梁树军,张建伟.数据库系统及应用.北京:中国电力出版社.2007
[49]叶小平.数据库系统基础教程.北京:清华大学出版社.2007
[50]单东方,孙凌云,杨桃红,刁春风.北京:科学出版社.2003