自动防斜钻井液压系统研究及其旋转导向套CFD仿真分析
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摘要
近年来,随着计算流体力学(CFD)的发展,从研究自动垂直旋转导向系统机理出发,使用数值仿真研究自动垂直旋转导向系统内流场的流动,利用数值仿真结果来指导自动垂直旋转导向系统的设计己经成为重要的研究方向。采用数值模拟手段,一方面可以节省试验的资源,缩短新产品的研制时间;另一方面它可以显示从试验中难以得出的流动特征的细节。本文应用CFD软件Fluent研究自动垂直旋转导向系统的内部流动,主要做了以下几方面工作:
1.概述了自动垂直旋转导向系统研究的国内外研究成果,综合叙述了研究流场的基本方法。
2.介绍了自动垂直旋转导向系统结构,阐述了纠斜液压系统工具控制工作原理和控制方式,分析了导向套的力学性能。
3.考虑到旋转钻具导向套曲面的复杂性,本文利用造型软件Pro/E对旋转钻具导向套内过流部件进行造型,叙述了旋转钻具导向套的实体造型过程,然后将整体造型结果导入到Gambit中对实体模型进行处理划分网格,并简要介绍了网格生成技术,应用Fluent分别计算了多种工况下的流动,得到了多种三维湍流场的分析结果,包括静压分布图、总压分布图以及速度矢量分布图等,为下一步优化旋转钻具导向套设计提供了相关数据和改进的方向。
4.介绍了湍流与计算流体力学的发展现状及在工程中的应用,对计算模型进行了阐述,应用CFD软件Fluent对进口三维不可压湍流流场进行数值模拟,确定其求解区域并引入边界条件,采用更符合实际工程中广泛应用的RNG k-ε湍流模型,利用有限体积法对控制方程进行离散,采用交错网格存放变量,然后用SIMPLE算法来求解,并对计算的结果进行了分析和研究。计算研究的结果对旋转钻具导向套设计提供了一定理论依据,对进一步的实验研究具有一定的指导意义。
In recent years, with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) the development, it becomes the important research direction that the value simulation result is apply to design the automatic vertical turn guidance system. The research of automatic vertical turn guidance system mobile mechanism is used in the paper. Uses the value simulation method, on the one hand, experimental resources and the development time of the new product can be reduced; On the other hand, it may obtain the mobile characteristic detail with difficulty from the experiment.The CFD software Fluent is applied in the paper to study the interior flow of the automatic vertical turn guidance system, The main content is represented as follow:
1. The research results of the automatic vertical turn guidance system in home and abroad are outlined , the research of the flow field essential method are narrated in the paper.
2. The automatic vertical turn guidance system structures are introduced,the work principle of the slanting hydraulic system tool control and the control mode are elaborated in the paper.At the same time, the guidance set of mechanics performance are analyzed.
3. Considered complexity in the revolves drilling tool the guidance set of curved surface, the modelling software Pro/E is used to bulid the interior flow of the automatic vertical turn guidance system, the guidance set of entity modelling process are narrated in the paper, then the overall modelling is used in the Gambit to in carries on the processing division grid. The grid production technology is briefly introduced in the paper, the eight kinds of current capacities operating modes flowing are used in the paper by the Fluent and the result of the three dimensional rapids flow field analysis are obtained, including the static pressure distribution map, the total pressure distribution map as well as the velocity vector distribution map and so on, the designs of revolved drilling tool are optimizde by providing the correlation data in the paper.
4. The turbulent current and the computation hydromechanics development in the present situation and in the project application are summarily introduced, the computation models are detailly introduced, The CFD software—Fluent is applied to simulate the three dimensional compressible turbulence current , the region and the boundary condition are introduced in the paper. In the actual project widespread application RNG the k- epsilon rapids model are used by analyse,The limited volumetric methods are used to separate the governing equation,and the staggered-mesh depositing variable are used, then the SIMPLE algorithm is applied ,and the computation results are carried on analysis and research in the paper.It provides the certain theory basis that the computation research results are applied to design revolved drilling tool.It has the certain instruction significance to the further experimental study.
1.概述了自动垂直旋转导向系统研究的国内外研究成果,综合叙述了研究流场的基本方法。
2.介绍了自动垂直旋转导向系统结构,阐述了纠斜液压系统工具控制工作原理和控制方式,分析了导向套的力学性能。
3.考虑到旋转钻具导向套曲面的复杂性,本文利用造型软件Pro/E对旋转钻具导向套内过流部件进行造型,叙述了旋转钻具导向套的实体造型过程,然后将整体造型结果导入到Gambit中对实体模型进行处理划分网格,并简要介绍了网格生成技术,应用Fluent分别计算了多种工况下的流动,得到了多种三维湍流场的分析结果,包括静压分布图、总压分布图以及速度矢量分布图等,为下一步优化旋转钻具导向套设计提供了相关数据和改进的方向。
4.介绍了湍流与计算流体力学的发展现状及在工程中的应用,对计算模型进行了阐述,应用CFD软件Fluent对进口三维不可压湍流流场进行数值模拟,确定其求解区域并引入边界条件,采用更符合实际工程中广泛应用的RNG k-ε湍流模型,利用有限体积法对控制方程进行离散,采用交错网格存放变量,然后用SIMPLE算法来求解,并对计算的结果进行了分析和研究。计算研究的结果对旋转钻具导向套设计提供了一定理论依据,对进一步的实验研究具有一定的指导意义。
In recent years, with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) the development, it becomes the important research direction that the value simulation result is apply to design the automatic vertical turn guidance system. The research of automatic vertical turn guidance system mobile mechanism is used in the paper. Uses the value simulation method, on the one hand, experimental resources and the development time of the new product can be reduced; On the other hand, it may obtain the mobile characteristic detail with difficulty from the experiment.The CFD software Fluent is applied in the paper to study the interior flow of the automatic vertical turn guidance system, The main content is represented as follow:
1. The research results of the automatic vertical turn guidance system in home and abroad are outlined , the research of the flow field essential method are narrated in the paper.
2. The automatic vertical turn guidance system structures are introduced,the work principle of the slanting hydraulic system tool control and the control mode are elaborated in the paper.At the same time, the guidance set of mechanics performance are analyzed.
3. Considered complexity in the revolves drilling tool the guidance set of curved surface, the modelling software Pro/E is used to bulid the interior flow of the automatic vertical turn guidance system, the guidance set of entity modelling process are narrated in the paper, then the overall modelling is used in the Gambit to in carries on the processing division grid. The grid production technology is briefly introduced in the paper, the eight kinds of current capacities operating modes flowing are used in the paper by the Fluent and the result of the three dimensional rapids flow field analysis are obtained, including the static pressure distribution map, the total pressure distribution map as well as the velocity vector distribution map and so on, the designs of revolved drilling tool are optimizde by providing the correlation data in the paper.
4. The turbulent current and the computation hydromechanics development in the present situation and in the project application are summarily introduced, the computation models are detailly introduced, The CFD software—Fluent is applied to simulate the three dimensional compressible turbulence current , the region and the boundary condition are introduced in the paper. In the actual project widespread application RNG the k- epsilon rapids model are used by analyse,The limited volumetric methods are used to separate the governing equation,and the staggered-mesh depositing variable are used, then the SIMPLE algorithm is applied ,and the computation results are carried on analysis and research in the paper.It provides the certain theory basis that the computation research results are applied to design revolved drilling tool.It has the certain instruction significance to the further experimental study.
引文
[1] 苏义脑. 油气直井防斜打快技术——理论与实践. 北京:石油工业出版社,2003
[2] 陶文铨.数值传热学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995
[3] 李作会,孙铭新,韩来聚. 旋转自动导向钻井技术. 石油矿场机械. 32(4),2003
[4] 苏义脑,窦修荣,王家进. 旋转导向钻井系统的功能、特性和典型结构.石油钻采工艺.25(4),2003
[5] Guido B , Pete L. Mike W. Drilling straight down, Oilfield Review,16(3),2004
[6] Sandro P, Franco D, Joachim O,etal. Advanced tools for advanced wells:Rotary closed-loop system-results of prototype field testing, SPE Drilling and Compleion,13(2),1998
[7] 周琴,姚爱国, 徐德明. 自动垂直钻进系统的液压系统设计.石油机械.31(12),2003
[8] Matthews B W, Fletcher C A J, Partridge A C. Computational simulation of fluid and dilute particulate flows on spiral concentrators. Applied mathematical modeling, 1998 (22): 965-979
[9] Baker Hughes Incorporated. AutoTrak G3 rotary closed-loopdrilling system, 2002
[10] Baker Hughes Incorporated. The VertiTrak system, 2001
[11] M.R.Niznik and A.D.Carson. A New Approach to Stick-Slip Management Integrating Bit Design and Rotary-Steerable System Characteristic.IADC/SPE Drilling Conference, 21-23,February,2006, USA .
[12] 韩占忠,王敬,兰小平.FLUENT 流体工程仿真计算实例与应用。北京理工大学 2004.6
[13] Tetsuo Yonezawa.Robotic Controlled Drilling:A New Rotary Steerable Drilling System for the Oil and Gas Industry.IADC/SPE Drilling Conference,26-28 February,2002,Dallas,Texas
[14] 苏义脑. 地质导向钻井技术概况及其在我国的研究进展.石油斟探与开发.32(1),2005
[15] 张绍槐.现代导向钻井技术的新进展及发展方向. 石油学报. 24(3),2003:82-85
[16] John A.Using Rrtary Closed-Loop Drilling to Increase Operational Efficiency and Reduse Operational Risk.Offshore Europe,4-7 September,2001,Aberdeen,United Kingdom
[17] Reich M, Oesterberg M., Montes H. Straight down to success: performance review of a vertical drilling system, SPE, 2003:84451
[18] 郭烈锦.两相与多相流动力学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002
[19] Yansi,Zhang. Two-Equation RNG Transport Modeling of High Reynolds Number Pipe Flow. Journal of Scientific Computing,1998, 13 (4) ;471-483P
[20] Calderoni A , Savini A , Treviranus J. Outstanding economic advantages based on new straight-hole drilling device proven in various oilfield locations, SPE,1999:56444
[21] 沈忠厚. 现代钻井技术发展趋势. 石油斟探与开发.32(1),2005
[22] Sonia Kvicinsky, Jean-Louis Kueny, Franqois Avellan, Etienne ,Parkinsion,Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Free Surface Flows In A Rotating Bucket. Proceedings of theXXl st IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems September 9一12, 2002, Lausanne
[23] Fay J B, du Chaffdut B, Boulet J, etal. Varistab proves efficient in extended-reach rotary drilling,World Oil, 216(10),1995
[24] 汪海阁,苏义脑.直井防斜打快理论研究进展. 石油学报. 25(3),2004
[25] 苏义脑. 井下控制工程学研究进展. 北京:石油工业出版社,2003
[26] 苏义脑,李松林. 自动垂直钻井工具的设计及自动控制方法. 石油学报. 22(4),2001
[27] 李海峰,吴玉林,赵志妹.利用三维紊流数值模拟进行离心叶轮设计比较分析.流体机械,2001.9,29(9),18-21
[28] 詹友刚,洪亮.Pro/ENGINEER 中文野火版 2.0 产品设计通用教程 清华大学出版社,2005
[29] 石崇东,张绍槐. 智能钻具设计方案及其应用.石油钻探技术. 32(6),2004
[30] John Edmondson,Chris Abbott,Clive Dalton.The Application of Rotary Closed-Loop Drilling Technology to Meet the Challenges of Comples Wellbore Trajectories in the Janice Field.SPE Drilling and Completion.17(3),2002
[31] 李子丰,马兴瑞,黄文虎.钻具力学基本方程及其应用.力学学报,1995,27(4)
[32] 李子丰.井眼轨道控制理论.北京:石油工业出版社,1996
[33] 王福军.计算流体动力学分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2004,9
[34] 周雪漪.计算水力学.北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[35] Fluent Inc.,FLUENT User’s Guide.Fluent Inc.,2003
[36] J.O.Hinze,Turbulence.McGraw-Hill,New York,1975
[37] 吴江航,韩庆书.计算流体力学的理论、方法及应用.科学出版社,1988
[38] Gerhard Meister, Simon Grilc, et al. CFD application in compact engine evelopment.SAE paper 982016.
[39] Patrik M. A Rosen. Coiled-tubing integrity monitoring during operation [J]. world oil,1997
[40] M. G. Lisbona, C. Vafidis. Adoption of CFD in the engine design process: present and future.SAE paper 97AO08
[41] V . S. Dubinsky and E.R Backer. An Interactive Drilling-Dynamics Simulator for Drilling Optimization and Training[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology,1999
[42] 陈玉华.气固两相流中基于碰撞的颗粒团聚的数值模拟.东南大学硕士学位论文,南京,2002
[43] 胡宝青.旋转导向钻井系统[J].世界石油工业,1998,6:49~54.
[44] 李松林,王志军.定向钻井工具的发展方向--自动旋转导向钻井工具[J].世界石油工业,1999,6:28~31.
[45] Nelson Emery et al. Closed-loop Steerable Drilling System Tackles Multiple Targets[J]. Oil & Gas Journal,1999,2:46~51
[46] Mark D.Moeckel. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis of a six cylinder diesel engine cooling system with experimental correlations. SAE paper 941081
[47] C.T.Leondes,J.M.Mendel. Artificial intelligence control[M]. Tech.rept.4336,1967
[48] Jones P. J. and WhitleG E,' Computational fluid dynamics for building air flow prediction-current status and capabilities', Building and Environment, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp321-338, 1992
[49] Gambit User' s Guide. Fluent Inc.,Lebanon,NH,1999
[50] Ramesh Andra, Evangelos Hytopoulos, et al. The Effect of Boundary and Geometry Simplication on the Numerical Simulation of Front一end Cooling.SAE paper 980395.
[51] N. S. Will, C. J. Bennett. The use of CFD as an aid to catalytic converter design. SAE paper 94AO35
[52] 吴麒主编.自动控制原理.北京:清华大学出版社,1990,6
[53] 陈群 车用柴油机冷却水套的计算流体力学分析博士论文.吉林大学 2003,10
[54] 王树立,张雅琴,张敏卿.湍流两相流动模式理论综述及展望.抚顺石油学院学报,1997, 17(2): 37-43
[55] 王培良,译.旋转闭环钻井系统的样机现场实验结果[J]. 国外石油机械,1998,4:7~12,15.
[56] 顾春来,董守平.石油工业多相流测试技术进展.石油规划设计,1998,9
[2] 陶文铨.数值传热学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995
[3] 李作会,孙铭新,韩来聚. 旋转自动导向钻井技术. 石油矿场机械. 32(4),2003
[4] 苏义脑,窦修荣,王家进. 旋转导向钻井系统的功能、特性和典型结构.石油钻采工艺.25(4),2003
[5] Guido B , Pete L. Mike W. Drilling straight down, Oilfield Review,16(3),2004
[6] Sandro P, Franco D, Joachim O,etal. Advanced tools for advanced wells:Rotary closed-loop system-results of prototype field testing, SPE Drilling and Compleion,13(2),1998
[7] 周琴,姚爱国, 徐德明. 自动垂直钻进系统的液压系统设计.石油机械.31(12),2003
[8] Matthews B W, Fletcher C A J, Partridge A C. Computational simulation of fluid and dilute particulate flows on spiral concentrators. Applied mathematical modeling, 1998 (22): 965-979
[9] Baker Hughes Incorporated. AutoTrak G3 rotary closed-loopdrilling system, 2002
[10] Baker Hughes Incorporated. The VertiTrak system, 2001
[11] M.R.Niznik and A.D.Carson. A New Approach to Stick-Slip Management Integrating Bit Design and Rotary-Steerable System Characteristic.IADC/SPE Drilling Conference, 21-23,February,2006, USA .
[12] 韩占忠,王敬,兰小平.FLUENT 流体工程仿真计算实例与应用。北京理工大学 2004.6
[13] Tetsuo Yonezawa.Robotic Controlled Drilling:A New Rotary Steerable Drilling System for the Oil and Gas Industry.IADC/SPE Drilling Conference,26-28 February,2002,Dallas,Texas
[14] 苏义脑. 地质导向钻井技术概况及其在我国的研究进展.石油斟探与开发.32(1),2005
[15] 张绍槐.现代导向钻井技术的新进展及发展方向. 石油学报. 24(3),2003:82-85
[16] John A.Using Rrtary Closed-Loop Drilling to Increase Operational Efficiency and Reduse Operational Risk.Offshore Europe,4-7 September,2001,Aberdeen,United Kingdom
[17] Reich M, Oesterberg M., Montes H. Straight down to success: performance review of a vertical drilling system, SPE, 2003:84451
[18] 郭烈锦.两相与多相流动力学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002
[19] Yansi,Zhang. Two-Equation RNG Transport Modeling of High Reynolds Number Pipe Flow. Journal of Scientific Computing,1998, 13 (4) ;471-483P
[20] Calderoni A , Savini A , Treviranus J. Outstanding economic advantages based on new straight-hole drilling device proven in various oilfield locations, SPE,1999:56444
[21] 沈忠厚. 现代钻井技术发展趋势. 石油斟探与开发.32(1),2005
[22] Sonia Kvicinsky, Jean-Louis Kueny, Franqois Avellan, Etienne ,Parkinsion,Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Free Surface Flows In A Rotating Bucket. Proceedings of theXXl st IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems September 9一12, 2002, Lausanne
[23] Fay J B, du Chaffdut B, Boulet J, etal. Varistab proves efficient in extended-reach rotary drilling,World Oil, 216(10),1995
[24] 汪海阁,苏义脑.直井防斜打快理论研究进展. 石油学报. 25(3),2004
[25] 苏义脑. 井下控制工程学研究进展. 北京:石油工业出版社,2003
[26] 苏义脑,李松林. 自动垂直钻井工具的设计及自动控制方法. 石油学报. 22(4),2001
[27] 李海峰,吴玉林,赵志妹.利用三维紊流数值模拟进行离心叶轮设计比较分析.流体机械,2001.9,29(9),18-21
[28] 詹友刚,洪亮.Pro/ENGINEER 中文野火版 2.0 产品设计通用教程 清华大学出版社,2005
[29] 石崇东,张绍槐. 智能钻具设计方案及其应用.石油钻探技术. 32(6),2004
[30] John Edmondson,Chris Abbott,Clive Dalton.The Application of Rotary Closed-Loop Drilling Technology to Meet the Challenges of Comples Wellbore Trajectories in the Janice Field.SPE Drilling and Completion.17(3),2002
[31] 李子丰,马兴瑞,黄文虎.钻具力学基本方程及其应用.力学学报,1995,27(4)
[32] 李子丰.井眼轨道控制理论.北京:石油工业出版社,1996
[33] 王福军.计算流体动力学分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2004,9
[34] 周雪漪.计算水力学.北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[35] Fluent Inc.,FLUENT User’s Guide.Fluent Inc.,2003
[36] J.O.Hinze,Turbulence.McGraw-Hill,New York,1975
[37] 吴江航,韩庆书.计算流体力学的理论、方法及应用.科学出版社,1988
[38] Gerhard Meister, Simon Grilc, et al. CFD application in compact engine evelopment.SAE paper 982016.
[39] Patrik M. A Rosen. Coiled-tubing integrity monitoring during operation [J]. world oil,1997
[40] M. G. Lisbona, C. Vafidis. Adoption of CFD in the engine design process: present and future.SAE paper 97AO08
[41] V . S. Dubinsky and E.R Backer. An Interactive Drilling-Dynamics Simulator for Drilling Optimization and Training[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology,1999
[42] 陈玉华.气固两相流中基于碰撞的颗粒团聚的数值模拟.东南大学硕士学位论文,南京,2002
[43] 胡宝青.旋转导向钻井系统[J].世界石油工业,1998,6:49~54.
[44] 李松林,王志军.定向钻井工具的发展方向--自动旋转导向钻井工具[J].世界石油工业,1999,6:28~31.
[45] Nelson Emery et al. Closed-loop Steerable Drilling System Tackles Multiple Targets[J]. Oil & Gas Journal,1999,2:46~51
[46] Mark D.Moeckel. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis of a six cylinder diesel engine cooling system with experimental correlations. SAE paper 941081
[47] C.T.Leondes,J.M.Mendel. Artificial intelligence control[M]. Tech.rept.4336,1967
[48] Jones P. J. and WhitleG E,' Computational fluid dynamics for building air flow prediction-current status and capabilities', Building and Environment, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp321-338, 1992
[49] Gambit User' s Guide. Fluent Inc.,Lebanon,NH,1999
[50] Ramesh Andra, Evangelos Hytopoulos, et al. The Effect of Boundary and Geometry Simplication on the Numerical Simulation of Front一end Cooling.SAE paper 980395.
[51] N. S. Will, C. J. Bennett. The use of CFD as an aid to catalytic converter design. SAE paper 94AO35
[52] 吴麒主编.自动控制原理.北京:清华大学出版社,1990,6
[53] 陈群 车用柴油机冷却水套的计算流体力学分析博士论文.吉林大学 2003,10
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