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山地风景区旅游环境承载力及其调控系统研究
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摘要
旅游环境承载力是描述旅游地能够承受的旅游活动强度的概念,它是一种建立在微观研究的基础上,服务于旅游地规划和管理的技术工具。旅游环境承载力的应用价值在于保护旅游地自然与社会经济环境,减小其受到旅游活动破坏的可能性,同时保证旅游者在旅游地的体验质量。
     旅游环境承载力可以被视为由时间,空间,旅游活动类型和强度等变量决定的函数,正是由于时空异质性,旅游环境承载力的研究必须与某一具体地域或地域类型相结合。山地风景区旅游活动的环境依赖程度高,环境脆弱特征明显,容易出现承载力问题。本文试图结合实例探讨山地风景区旅游环境承载力的特点、规律、存在的问题及解决途径。
     全文包括五个部分。
     1.引言由选题背景、国内外研究进展、论文研究意义和论文技术路线四部分构成。笔者介绍了旅游环境承载力研究的必要性和国内外研究状况,分析了当前研究中存在的问题,建议今后的研究方向应该是在完善理论研究的基础上从不同地域类型、不同自然环境背景、社会经济背景甚至不同旅游活动类型的角度进行深入研究。最后,作者阐述了论文研究的意义和所采取的技术路线。
     2.论文第二部分是山地风景区旅游环境承载力组成体系的构建,这一部分的写作遵循旅游环境承载力组成成分分析——山地风景区环境特点分析——山地风景区旅游环境承载力组成体系构建的逻辑顺序,其目的是将现有理论基础与山地风景区特点结合,构建适宜于山地风景区的旅游环境承载力组成体系。该部分的重点是对山地类风景区的旅游环境承载力分量指标、层次与速度指标的选择和分析。
     3.山地风景区旅游环境承载力评估的步骤方法由旅游环境承载力计量、旅游环境承载力利用状况计量、旅游环境承载力利用状况的时间维比较、旅游环境承载力利用状况的空间维比较四个部分构成。旅游环境承载力计量依照从分量承载力计量到综合承载力计量的步骤。旅游环境承载力利用状况的计量是在承载力计量结果基础上,对旅游环境承载量和承载率的分析和计算。旅游环境承载力利用状况的时间维和空间维比较是对承载力时空间分异状况的分析,前者主要针对旅游活动的季节性,后者针对旅游流在风景区内部的空间流动规律。
     4.黄山风景区旅游环境承载力研究是对理论研究的案例支持。关于黄山风景区旅游环境容量和旅游环境承载力,不乏优秀研究成果,但环境随着时间的变迁而发展变化,新规划的出台、建设项目的不断增加使黄山的旅游环境承载力发生了改变,笔者认为有必要进行持续的研究与比较。论文案例研究不同于以往之处在于:①调查和研究工作建立在新规划和建设项目背景之上,并据此探讨人为因素引起的旅游环境承载力发展变化;②依据研究目的选取和计算分量承载力,判断综合承载力的首要和次要制约因素,而后分别从时间和空间维度分析旅游环境承载力的分布规律;③从调控体系的角度探讨旅游环境承载力控制与管理的途径。
    
     5.论文最后一部分是山地风景区旅游环境承载力调控系统的建立和运作,其主要内
     容包括常见的调控方式及特点分析、旅游环境承载力调控系统理论探讨、调控系统的建
     立和运作,重点是对调控系统原理、结构、功能和具体的运作途径的探讨,以及在此基
     础上对黄山风景区的实证研究。
     本文的特点之一是将旅游环境承载力理论落实到一种地域类型,探讨其共性和特性
     规律,二是试图通过调控系统的建立来协调解诀山地风景区的旅游环境承载力问题,三
     是在个例研究中,依据论文研究目标,确定研究内容和方法,得到区别与以往研究的经
     验和结论。
Tourism environmental bearing capacity (TEBC) is a concept to describe the threshold of environment system supporting the tourist activities in tourism destinations. TEBC is a technological tool based on microscopic study, which is always used in the planning and management of tourism destination. The practical value of tourism environmental bearing capacity lies in its ability to preserve the environment of tourism destination from tourism destroying and at the same time guarantee the tourists' satisfaction during their sightseeing.
    If we look TEBC as a function, there are several parameters, such as time, space and the category or intensity of tourists' activities, that is to say, the study of TEBC must be combined with a territory unit. In mountain resorts, the environment constitutes the valuable tourism resources while the ecosystem is fragility and sensitivity to human impacts, these unfortunate characteristics must be combined with low environmental bearing capacity, that is the reason why the author chooses mountain resorts as study object in this thesis.
    This thesis includes five sections. The following is the main points.
    The first section is an overview, which consists of four parts: research setting, study progress, significance of study in this field and technical route of this thesis. After giving a comprehensive review on the contemporary progress of the subject domestic and abroad, the author suggests that the following theoretical study must be connected with different kinds of area. After these, the author explains the importance meaning of the study and then analyses the technical route to go by.
    The main content of second section is building the segments and indexes system. In this section, the author summarizes the current classifications of TEBC, analyses the characteristics of the environment of mountain resorts, and then put forward the system of segments and indexes. How to establish the segments and indexes system of tourism environmental bearing capacity in mountain resorts is the most important part of this section, which is based on the study on the relationship of subdivisions.
    The third section is mainly about the evaluation methodology of TEBC in mountain resorts. The section is comprised of four parts: calculation models of tourism environment bearing capacity, calculation models of tourism environment bearing rate, analysis methods of
    
    
    
    TEBC in different time and analysis models of TEBC in different space. TEBC varies in different time because of the seasonal characteristics of tourists flow while TEBC varies in different spaces because of the distribution rules of tourists flow in the tourism destinations.
    The forth section is the practical research, which supports the theoretical study above. The author chooses Mt. Huangshan senic spot as a practice model, on which there have been some valuable studies before. But everybody knows environment is always changing. With new tourism planning and programmer coming into being in recent years, the TEBC of Mt. Huangshan senic spot has also changed. There should be some new study. The difference between this thesis and the studies before lies in three aspects. Firstly, the author investigates changing conditions in recent years and compares TEBC with what it has been before. Secondly, as to the components of TEBC and the distributional rules of TEBC, the author all studies in details and at last gets a distinct conclusion. Thirdly, trying to find a control system to make TEBC more available.
    In the fifth section, the author analysis the current countermeasures to coordinate the tourism environmental bearing capacity and tourism environmental bearing quality, then expounds to establish a control system of TEBC in mountain resorts, which is a specific facilities to apply TEBC to tourism destination environment management. In this section, the author discusses the formation, function and control means of control system and incorporates the theory of control system with practice.
    All in all, there are three features in th
引文
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