长白山地区人参用地对土壤性质影响研究
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摘要
被誉为“百草之王”的珍贵中草药人参,以其良好的药用价值和经济价值得到人们的广泛关注。吉林省东部的长白山地区是我国的重要人参生产基地,人参产业在其经济的发展中起着举足轻重的作用。然而,人参栽培高度耗损土壤肥力,对土壤侵蚀及土壤生物环境也产生一定的影响。探求合理的栽参模式,实现人参产业的可持续发展成为人们关注的热点问题。
本文以人参种植大县抚松县为例,应用地理信息系统空间分析方法和统计学方法,以ArcGIS软件和SPSS软件为依托,从宏观和微观两个层面分析了人参用地对土壤侵蚀和土壤生物化学性质的影响。全文共分为6部分,第一部分为绪论,第二部分为研究区概况,第三部分为数据处理和研究方法,第四部分为人参用地与土壤侵蚀分析,第五部分为人参用地对土壤生物化学性质影响分析,第六部分为结论与讨论。
宏观层面上,以2007年遥感影像为基础,结合DEM数据,得到抚松县园参栽培用地的数量和空间结构,利用网格法分别统计园参地和纯林地内的侵蚀沟面积,并对园参地和纯林地内的侵蚀沟面积进行对比分析。结果表明,园参栽培在一定程度上加速了土壤的侵蚀速度。
微观层面上,对园参地、林下参地和林地土壤样品中的有机质、全氮、全磷、pH、土壤动物类群进行对比分析。结果表明,园参地土壤的化学性质改变显著,土壤肥力下降,酸化加强,土壤动物数量和类群下降,丰富度降低。
Ginseng is called“the king of a hundred herbs”,and its good medicinal and economic values attract peoples’attentions. The region of the Changbai Mountain in the eastern of Jilin Province is an important national production base of ginseng, and Ginseng industry in this region plays an important role in its local economy. However, the cultivation of ginseng consumes soil fertility badly, and it also affects the soil erosion and the environment of soil animals. Therefore, it becomes a hot issue to explore a reasonable model of ginseng cultivation to achieve sustainable development of ginseng industry.
In this paper, we took Fusong , which has a large scale of ginseng cultivation, as an example to research the impact of ginseng cultivation to soil erosion and the change of soil biochemical environment from macro and micro aspects, with the application of spatial analysis methods in GIS and statistical methods, based on ArcGIS software and SPSS software. The paper can be divided into six parts,the first for the introduction, the overview of study area into the second, the third is data processing, Part Four is the study for the impact of ginseng cultivation to soil erosion, and the fifth is the analysis of the impact of ginseng cultivation to soil biochemical environment, Part Six for the conclusion and discussion.
At the macro level, interpret the remote sensing images of Fusong in 2007 and process DEM data to obtain the amount of the land cultivated ginseng and the spatial structure of the land cultivated ginseng. Use the grid method to count the area of the erosion gully in the land of garden ginseng and in forest, and analyze the area of erosion gully in the land cultivated ginseng and the pure forest; the results show that the land-use of ginseng cultivation accelerate the pace of soil erosion.
At the micro level, analyze soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, soil PH value and the group of soil animals in garden ginseng, woodsgrown ginseng and the forest. The results show that ginseng cultivation changes the chemical properties of soil and makes the soil fertility reduced and acidified, the number and the group of soil animals becomes lower.
本文以人参种植大县抚松县为例,应用地理信息系统空间分析方法和统计学方法,以ArcGIS软件和SPSS软件为依托,从宏观和微观两个层面分析了人参用地对土壤侵蚀和土壤生物化学性质的影响。全文共分为6部分,第一部分为绪论,第二部分为研究区概况,第三部分为数据处理和研究方法,第四部分为人参用地与土壤侵蚀分析,第五部分为人参用地对土壤生物化学性质影响分析,第六部分为结论与讨论。
宏观层面上,以2007年遥感影像为基础,结合DEM数据,得到抚松县园参栽培用地的数量和空间结构,利用网格法分别统计园参地和纯林地内的侵蚀沟面积,并对园参地和纯林地内的侵蚀沟面积进行对比分析。结果表明,园参栽培在一定程度上加速了土壤的侵蚀速度。
微观层面上,对园参地、林下参地和林地土壤样品中的有机质、全氮、全磷、pH、土壤动物类群进行对比分析。结果表明,园参地土壤的化学性质改变显著,土壤肥力下降,酸化加强,土壤动物数量和类群下降,丰富度降低。
Ginseng is called“the king of a hundred herbs”,and its good medicinal and economic values attract peoples’attentions. The region of the Changbai Mountain in the eastern of Jilin Province is an important national production base of ginseng, and Ginseng industry in this region plays an important role in its local economy. However, the cultivation of ginseng consumes soil fertility badly, and it also affects the soil erosion and the environment of soil animals. Therefore, it becomes a hot issue to explore a reasonable model of ginseng cultivation to achieve sustainable development of ginseng industry.
In this paper, we took Fusong , which has a large scale of ginseng cultivation, as an example to research the impact of ginseng cultivation to soil erosion and the change of soil biochemical environment from macro and micro aspects, with the application of spatial analysis methods in GIS and statistical methods, based on ArcGIS software and SPSS software. The paper can be divided into six parts,the first for the introduction, the overview of study area into the second, the third is data processing, Part Four is the study for the impact of ginseng cultivation to soil erosion, and the fifth is the analysis of the impact of ginseng cultivation to soil biochemical environment, Part Six for the conclusion and discussion.
At the macro level, interpret the remote sensing images of Fusong in 2007 and process DEM data to obtain the amount of the land cultivated ginseng and the spatial structure of the land cultivated ginseng. Use the grid method to count the area of the erosion gully in the land of garden ginseng and in forest, and analyze the area of erosion gully in the land cultivated ginseng and the pure forest; the results show that the land-use of ginseng cultivation accelerate the pace of soil erosion.
At the micro level, analyze soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, soil PH value and the group of soil animals in garden ginseng, woodsgrown ginseng and the forest. The results show that ginseng cultivation changes the chemical properties of soil and makes the soil fertility reduced and acidified, the number and the group of soil animals becomes lower.
引文
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