电力综合资源规划中节能机制设计模型与方法研究
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摘要
能源是经济社会可持续发展的物质基础和保障。目前我国已成为世界第一大能源消费国,但能源利用效率远低于国际平均水平,合理、高效地利用能源资源,提高我国能源可持续的自给能力,减轻社会经济对能源的依赖水平,已经成为当前我国经济发展和社会建设过程中需要面对的重要课题。电力工业是能源资源的消费主体,电力工业节能工作对提高全社会能源资源利用效率具有重要意义。电力综合资源规划是把电力供应侧和需求侧各种形式的资源综合成为一个整体进行规划,以更加高效、经济、合理地利用供应侧和需求侧资源,在满足电力需求同时达到节能的目的。目前我国的电力节能机制取得了一定的成果,但却过多注重于法律机制和政策机制,随着我国电力体制改革的深化和市场条件的不断完善,市场机制和价格机制的建设也需要在电力综合资源规划中得到充分重视。
本论文研究了在电力综合资源规划的整体框架下,以市场为导向引导代表社会整体利益的政府、代表电力供应方利益的电力企业(电网企业和发电企业)、代表需求方利益的电力终端用户和代表中介机构利益的节能服务公司参与节能管理的机制。关于供应侧资源规划节能机制,本论文重点研究了发电装机节能置换机制和发电权交易机制。针对电源结构升级、能源利用效率提升问题,本论文提出了发电装机节能置换机制设计模型。根据火电机组的成本效益分析,确定火电机组的关停判断条件,进而建立发电装机的节能置换决策模型和发电装机置换节能分析模型,通过政策引导使发电企业在市场竞争的条件下自觉进行电源结构升级和提高能源利用效率。在发电权交易机制设计上,本论文将发电权交易过程视为发电机组之间的一种合作行为,通过发电权交易优化模型可以全面优化机组组合,寻找出最优的发电机组合作状态,使发电机组整体利润最大；而发电权交易利润分配模型使所有机组的获得更多的利润,保证该合作状态的稳定。关于需求侧资源规划节能机制,本论文分析了电力终端用户参与节能管理潜力、参与途径,并以变压器设备和空调设备为例,分别构建了设备选型模型和分时电价下蓄能设备决策模型。通过对节能效果的分析可以得到该部分资源在节能机制中起到的作用,并通过成本——效益分析判断该部分资源规划的可行性以及节能机制中的政策引导方向。关于节能服务公司方面的研究,论文针对我国实际情况,提出了引导我国节能服务产业发展的机制,并针对节能服务公司参与企业的节能工作时的核心工作和重要立项依据,提出了能量利用水平评价指标、节能技术经济分析方法以及节能量的计算方法。关于电力综合资源规划中节能机制政策环境,论文从法律环境、市场机制环境和政策保障手段三个方面进行了分析,设计了以政府为主导的电力节能组织结构。
Energy is the material foundation and safeguard of the sustainable economic and social development. At present, China has become the world's largest energy consumer, but energy efficiency is far below the international average. Rational and Efficient use of energy resources of society, enhance China's Sustainable Energy self-sufficiency capacity, reduce the level of socio-economic dependence on energy, becoming in the China's current economic development and the process of social construction need to deal with important issues. Electric power industry was the subject of consumption of energy resources. Energy saving of electric power industry work to improve the energy efficiency of resource use the society is of important significance. Power Integrated resource planning is the power supply side and demand side in various forms of electric power planning resources as a whole. It is in a much more efficient, cost-effective and rational use of the supply side and demand side resources, and meeting the demand for electricity at the same time achieve the goal of energy conservation. Power-saving mechanism of our country has achieved certain results, but it is too much focus on legal and policy mechanisms. with the deepening of China's electric power system reform and market conditions continue to improve, the construction of market mechanism and price mechanism are also needed to be given full attention in electric power resource planning.
This paper studies the management of energy conservation based on frame of integrated power resource planning. This management mechanism involves participants such as government that represent social overall interests which guided by market orientation; involves power enterprises (power grid&company generates power) that represent power suppliers' interests; also involves end user that represent interests of demander; and enterprises of power conservation service which represent interests of agency.On the supply side resource planning energy-saving mechanism, the paper focuses on the power generation installed energy-saving replacement mechanism and generation rights trade mechanism.In order to upgrade for the power structure and the energy utilization efficiency, this paper proposes a model of power generation installed energy-saving replacement mechanism design. According to the cost-effectiveness analysis of thermal power units, we can determine judgment conditions of shut down the thermal power units, thereby establishing decision making model of power generation installed capacity energy-efficient replacement and energy saving analysis model of power generation installed capacity replacement.Through policy guidance to make power generation companies consciously Upgrade power structureupgrade and improve the efficiency of energy utilization under the conditions of market competition. Concerning generation rights trade mechanism design, the paper treat power trading process as a cooperation behavior between the generator sets, we can make comprehensive optimization of untis and find out the optimal generator group cooperative state by optimization model generation rights trade, so that the overall profit generator sets; generating trading profit distribution model so that we can have a most profit Overall generator sets.And generating trading profit distribution model make all units get more profits, to ensure the stability of the cooperative state.Concerning demand-side resource planning energy-saving mechanism, the paper analyzes the potential of participate in energy management and the approaches of electricity consumers. And focus on the transformer and air conditioning equipment, for example, to build the equipment selection model and storage facilities TOU decision model. To judge the feasibility of the part of the resource planning as well as energy-saving mechanism of policy guidance, direction and cost-benefit analysis.We can find out the the role played by the part of the resources in the energy-saving mechanism by analysis of the energy-saving effect,and to judge the feasibility of the part of the resource planning and direction the energy-saving mechanism policy guide by the cost-benefit analysis. Concerning energy service companies, the thesis focuses on the actual situation in China, and proposed a mechanism to guide the development of the energy services industry in China, and proposed Energy utilization level evaluation indicators、 energy-saving technology economic analysis methods as well as the energy savings calculated method as energy service companies to participate in the energy conservation of core work and important basis for project Establishing project. Concerning the policy environment in power integrated resource planning, the paper analysis of the legal environment、the market mechanisms environment and the policy support means, and design the energy-saving organizational structure with government-led.
本论文研究了在电力综合资源规划的整体框架下,以市场为导向引导代表社会整体利益的政府、代表电力供应方利益的电力企业(电网企业和发电企业)、代表需求方利益的电力终端用户和代表中介机构利益的节能服务公司参与节能管理的机制。关于供应侧资源规划节能机制,本论文重点研究了发电装机节能置换机制和发电权交易机制。针对电源结构升级、能源利用效率提升问题,本论文提出了发电装机节能置换机制设计模型。根据火电机组的成本效益分析,确定火电机组的关停判断条件,进而建立发电装机的节能置换决策模型和发电装机置换节能分析模型,通过政策引导使发电企业在市场竞争的条件下自觉进行电源结构升级和提高能源利用效率。在发电权交易机制设计上,本论文将发电权交易过程视为发电机组之间的一种合作行为,通过发电权交易优化模型可以全面优化机组组合,寻找出最优的发电机组合作状态,使发电机组整体利润最大；而发电权交易利润分配模型使所有机组的获得更多的利润,保证该合作状态的稳定。关于需求侧资源规划节能机制,本论文分析了电力终端用户参与节能管理潜力、参与途径,并以变压器设备和空调设备为例,分别构建了设备选型模型和分时电价下蓄能设备决策模型。通过对节能效果的分析可以得到该部分资源在节能机制中起到的作用,并通过成本——效益分析判断该部分资源规划的可行性以及节能机制中的政策引导方向。关于节能服务公司方面的研究,论文针对我国实际情况,提出了引导我国节能服务产业发展的机制,并针对节能服务公司参与企业的节能工作时的核心工作和重要立项依据,提出了能量利用水平评价指标、节能技术经济分析方法以及节能量的计算方法。关于电力综合资源规划中节能机制政策环境,论文从法律环境、市场机制环境和政策保障手段三个方面进行了分析,设计了以政府为主导的电力节能组织结构。
Energy is the material foundation and safeguard of the sustainable economic and social development. At present, China has become the world's largest energy consumer, but energy efficiency is far below the international average. Rational and Efficient use of energy resources of society, enhance China's Sustainable Energy self-sufficiency capacity, reduce the level of socio-economic dependence on energy, becoming in the China's current economic development and the process of social construction need to deal with important issues. Electric power industry was the subject of consumption of energy resources. Energy saving of electric power industry work to improve the energy efficiency of resource use the society is of important significance. Power Integrated resource planning is the power supply side and demand side in various forms of electric power planning resources as a whole. It is in a much more efficient, cost-effective and rational use of the supply side and demand side resources, and meeting the demand for electricity at the same time achieve the goal of energy conservation. Power-saving mechanism of our country has achieved certain results, but it is too much focus on legal and policy mechanisms. with the deepening of China's electric power system reform and market conditions continue to improve, the construction of market mechanism and price mechanism are also needed to be given full attention in electric power resource planning.
This paper studies the management of energy conservation based on frame of integrated power resource planning. This management mechanism involves participants such as government that represent social overall interests which guided by market orientation; involves power enterprises (power grid&company generates power) that represent power suppliers' interests; also involves end user that represent interests of demander; and enterprises of power conservation service which represent interests of agency.On the supply side resource planning energy-saving mechanism, the paper focuses on the power generation installed energy-saving replacement mechanism and generation rights trade mechanism.In order to upgrade for the power structure and the energy utilization efficiency, this paper proposes a model of power generation installed energy-saving replacement mechanism design. According to the cost-effectiveness analysis of thermal power units, we can determine judgment conditions of shut down the thermal power units, thereby establishing decision making model of power generation installed capacity energy-efficient replacement and energy saving analysis model of power generation installed capacity replacement.Through policy guidance to make power generation companies consciously Upgrade power structureupgrade and improve the efficiency of energy utilization under the conditions of market competition. Concerning generation rights trade mechanism design, the paper treat power trading process as a cooperation behavior between the generator sets, we can make comprehensive optimization of untis and find out the optimal generator group cooperative state by optimization model generation rights trade, so that the overall profit generator sets; generating trading profit distribution model so that we can have a most profit Overall generator sets.And generating trading profit distribution model make all units get more profits, to ensure the stability of the cooperative state.Concerning demand-side resource planning energy-saving mechanism, the paper analyzes the potential of participate in energy management and the approaches of electricity consumers. And focus on the transformer and air conditioning equipment, for example, to build the equipment selection model and storage facilities TOU decision model. To judge the feasibility of the part of the resource planning as well as energy-saving mechanism of policy guidance, direction and cost-benefit analysis.We can find out the the role played by the part of the resources in the energy-saving mechanism by analysis of the energy-saving effect,and to judge the feasibility of the part of the resource planning and direction the energy-saving mechanism policy guide by the cost-benefit analysis. Concerning energy service companies, the thesis focuses on the actual situation in China, and proposed a mechanism to guide the development of the energy services industry in China, and proposed Energy utilization level evaluation indicators、 energy-saving technology economic analysis methods as well as the energy savings calculated method as energy service companies to participate in the energy conservation of core work and important basis for project Establishing project. Concerning the policy environment in power integrated resource planning, the paper analysis of the legal environment、the market mechanisms environment and the policy support means, and design the energy-saving organizational structure with government-led.
引文
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