模糊报警方法及其在变电污秽在线监测系统中的应用
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摘要
本文主要研究了变电污秽在线监测和模糊报警模型两个问题。
介绍了变电污秽及其相关概念，并对国内外现有的变电污秽防治方法和变电污秽在线监测方法进行了研究。文中比较了各种传统的变电污秽防治和监测方法，指出了各自存在的不足。
分析了泄漏电流的产生机理和特点，并在此基础上研制了一种精度高、频带宽的泄漏电流传感器。简单介绍了变电污秽在线监测系统的设计。认真研究了污秽泄漏电流与环境温度、湿度和污秽程度之间的关系，指出了以往采用恒值报警模型存在的问题。提出要提高报警的可靠性必须利用泄漏电流、温度、湿度与绝缘子污秽程度的非线性关系，进行非线性报警。由于无法得到泄漏电流、温度、湿度与绝缘子污秽程度之间的非线性关系，因此，本文设计了一种基于模糊推理的非线性报警模型的方法。并利用Visual Basic语言编制了模糊报警程序，并将其应用于实际系统。
理论分析和实际运行的结果表明本文的变电污秽在线监测系统能够适应泄
西安理工大学工程硕士专业学位论文
露屯流人范围的变化，及时并准确地预报绝缘于污秽程度，为解汰了变屯污秽
分线监测系统的可靠报警问题提供了新途径。
The contamination on-line detecting method and fuzzy reasoning alarming model are discussed in this paper.
Some basic concepts of insulator contamination are introduced firstly. Existing methods of avoiding contamination flashover and methods of detecting contamination degree of insulators are discussed in details. These methods are analyzed and disadvantages of them are pointed out.
The arising mechanism and character of leakage current are analyzed. Based on these analyses, a high precise and wide bandwidth sensor is developed. The design of contamination on-line detecting system is introduced. The relationships between leakage current, environment humidity, environment temperature and level of pollution are studied, then, the problem of fixed value alarming model is analyzed. It is proposed that in order to increase the reliability of prediction, the nonlinear prediction model, which depends on the nonlinear relationships between above factors, is indispensable. Because the nonlinear relationships can hardly be obtained, a nonlinear alarming model based on fuzzy reasoning method
is developed in this paper. The fuzzy reasoning alarming has been realized by Visual Basic programming and used in practical systems.
The results of theoretical analyzing and practical running proved that the contamination on-line detecting system for substation developed in this paper can be applied to the large-scale variation of leakage current, the fuzzy reasoning alarming method can predict the pollution level of insulator more accurately. A new method is given to solve the problem of alarming reliability of contamination on-line detecting system.
介绍了变电污秽及其相关概念，并对国内外现有的变电污秽防治方法和变电污秽在线监测方法进行了研究。文中比较了各种传统的变电污秽防治和监测方法，指出了各自存在的不足。
分析了泄漏电流的产生机理和特点，并在此基础上研制了一种精度高、频带宽的泄漏电流传感器。简单介绍了变电污秽在线监测系统的设计。认真研究了污秽泄漏电流与环境温度、湿度和污秽程度之间的关系，指出了以往采用恒值报警模型存在的问题。提出要提高报警的可靠性必须利用泄漏电流、温度、湿度与绝缘子污秽程度的非线性关系，进行非线性报警。由于无法得到泄漏电流、温度、湿度与绝缘子污秽程度之间的非线性关系，因此，本文设计了一种基于模糊推理的非线性报警模型的方法。并利用Visual Basic语言编制了模糊报警程序，并将其应用于实际系统。
理论分析和实际运行的结果表明本文的变电污秽在线监测系统能够适应泄
西安理工大学工程硕士专业学位论文
露屯流人范围的变化，及时并准确地预报绝缘于污秽程度，为解汰了变屯污秽
分线监测系统的可靠报警问题提供了新途径。
The contamination on-line detecting method and fuzzy reasoning alarming model are discussed in this paper.
Some basic concepts of insulator contamination are introduced firstly. Existing methods of avoiding contamination flashover and methods of detecting contamination degree of insulators are discussed in details. These methods are analyzed and disadvantages of them are pointed out.
The arising mechanism and character of leakage current are analyzed. Based on these analyses, a high precise and wide bandwidth sensor is developed. The design of contamination on-line detecting system is introduced. The relationships between leakage current, environment humidity, environment temperature and level of pollution are studied, then, the problem of fixed value alarming model is analyzed. It is proposed that in order to increase the reliability of prediction, the nonlinear prediction model, which depends on the nonlinear relationships between above factors, is indispensable. Because the nonlinear relationships can hardly be obtained, a nonlinear alarming model based on fuzzy reasoning method
is developed in this paper. The fuzzy reasoning alarming has been realized by Visual Basic programming and used in practical systems.
The results of theoretical analyzing and practical running proved that the contamination on-line detecting system for substation developed in this paper can be applied to the large-scale variation of leakage current, the fuzzy reasoning alarming method can predict the pollution level of insulator more accurately. A new method is given to solve the problem of alarming reliability of contamination on-line detecting system.
引文
[1] 顾乐观，孙才新、电力系统的污秽绝缘．重庆大学出版社，重庆，1988
[2] 朱德恒，严璋．高电压绝缘．清华大学出版社，北京，1992
[3] Leite D Metal, "Registration instruments for measurements of leakage currents on polluted insulators", 1989, 6th ISH New Orleans, 12.07
[4] Lang P Getal, "Online leakage current monitoring of line insulation", 1993, 8th ISH. Yokohama, 48.09
[5] J.L.Tierro-Chavez, I.Ramirez-Vazquez,G.Montonya-Tena, "On-line Leakage Current Monitoring of 400kV Insulator Strings in Polluted Areas", IEEE Proc-Gener. Transm. Distrib,Vol. 143,No.6,November, 1996
[6] 孔志战，渭南电网污闪跳闸原因探析，西北电力技术，2001
[7] 郝兰荣，1999年3月北京地区冰闪和雾闪事故分析，华北电力技术，1999
[8] 王国春，陈原，张开贤，1999年3月京津唐电网部分线路闪络原因分析及反措，华北电力技术，1999
[9] 刘琰，王俊锴，陕西电网“12·18”大面积污闪事故的分析及其防治对策，电网技术，2002
[10] 胡毅，“2．22电网大面积污闪”原因分析及防污闪对策探讨，电瓷避雷器，2001
[11] 李忠满，徐兴伟，林伟，东北电网“2 22”雾闪事故分析，东北电力技术，2001
[12] 赵子玉，彭宗仁，谢恒，悬式绝缘子污层电导率与泄漏电流的现场测试技术研究，电工技术学报，1997(2)：43-46
[13] 肖登明，潘龙，李晓尔，练笔战，变电站污秽泄露电流在线监测，高压电技术，1998(1)：28-29
[14] 周文俊，李君，尹志德，输电线路绝缘状况在线遥测新方法，中国电力，1998(6)：15-17
[15] 孙增圻等．智能控制理论与技术．清华大学出版社，广西科学技术出版社，北京，1997
[16] Evangelos Petroutsos 著，邱仲潘等译．Visual Basic 6从入门道精通．电子工业出版社，北京，1999
[2] 朱德恒，严璋．高电压绝缘．清华大学出版社，北京，1992
[3] Leite D Metal, "Registration instruments for measurements of leakage currents on polluted insulators", 1989, 6th ISH New Orleans, 12.07
[4] Lang P Getal, "Online leakage current monitoring of line insulation", 1993, 8th ISH. Yokohama, 48.09
[5] J.L.Tierro-Chavez, I.Ramirez-Vazquez,G.Montonya-Tena, "On-line Leakage Current Monitoring of 400kV Insulator Strings in Polluted Areas", IEEE Proc-Gener. Transm. Distrib,Vol. 143,No.6,November, 1996
[6] 孔志战，渭南电网污闪跳闸原因探析，西北电力技术，2001
[7] 郝兰荣，1999年3月北京地区冰闪和雾闪事故分析，华北电力技术，1999
[8] 王国春，陈原，张开贤，1999年3月京津唐电网部分线路闪络原因分析及反措，华北电力技术，1999
[9] 刘琰，王俊锴，陕西电网“12·18”大面积污闪事故的分析及其防治对策，电网技术，2002
[10] 胡毅，“2．22电网大面积污闪”原因分析及防污闪对策探讨，电瓷避雷器，2001
[11] 李忠满，徐兴伟，林伟，东北电网“2 22”雾闪事故分析，东北电力技术，2001
[12] 赵子玉，彭宗仁，谢恒，悬式绝缘子污层电导率与泄漏电流的现场测试技术研究，电工技术学报，1997(2)：43-46
[13] 肖登明，潘龙，李晓尔，练笔战，变电站污秽泄露电流在线监测，高压电技术，1998(1)：28-29
[14] 周文俊，李君，尹志德，输电线路绝缘状况在线遥测新方法，中国电力，1998(6)：15-17
[15] 孙增圻等．智能控制理论与技术．清华大学出版社，广西科学技术出版社，北京，1997
[16] Evangelos Petroutsos 著，邱仲潘等译．Visual Basic 6从入门道精通．电子工业出版社，北京，1999
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