基于USB2.0的综合虚拟测试仪的研究与开发
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摘要
随着计算机科学和微电子技术的迅速发展和普及,在测量仪器领域出现了具有划时代意义的仪器概念——虚拟仪器。虚拟仪器功能强大,可以在当今的实验教学领域中弥补传统仪器的不足,发挥巨大的潜力。本文就是基于这一应用背景,研究和开发了基于USB2.0的综合虚拟测试仪。
本系统主要实现五大功能:虚拟数字存储示波器、虚拟逻辑分析仪、虚拟信号发生器、虚拟频谱分析仪和虚拟数字电压表。本文首先介绍了系统的任务要求,在其基础上进行分析,提出了基于USB2.0接口,使用CPLD和带有单片机的USB芯片作为主要控制芯片,并采用四层电路板设计的研究方案。其次主要从硬件和软件两个方面分别采用模块化方法进行了设计。
在硬件方面,结合具体要实现的功能,主要从虚拟数字存储示波器、虚拟逻辑分析仪、虚拟信号发生器和USB2.0接口这四个方面进行分析和设计,深入研究了具体的硬件组成和原理,在此基础上进行系统的原理图和PCB板设计。
软件方面,根据系统的设计要求,重点研究了四部分内容,分别是:应用程序、驱动程序、USB固件程序和CPLD程序。本文从软件需求分析入手,详细介绍了各部分软件的具体设计思想,并给出了相应的程序流程图。
最后,进行了系统的软硬件调试和联合调试,达到了预期的要求,为下一步的研究工作奠定了良好的基础。
With the rapid development of computer science and microelectronics, The virtual instrument, which is a new concept with epoch-making significance, has been put forward in the field of automatic and electronic measurement. The virtual instrument which is very powerful and potential, can be used in today's experiments to fetch up for the shortcomings of traditional instruments. The multiple virtual test instrument based on the USB2.0 interface is studied thoroughly in this thesis.
Five major functions are realized in this system, such as the virtual digital-storage oscilloscope, the virtual logic analyzer, the virtual signal generator, the virtual spectrum analyzer and the virtual digital voltagemeter. First, the mission requirements of the system are introduced. Then, a research plan is proposed on the analysis of the requirements, which includes the use of the USB2.0 interface, CPLD and the USB microcontroller chip, as well as the four layers PCB design. Second, the system hardware and software are designed by the modular method.
In terms of hardware, the system consists of four aspects: the virtual digital-storage oscilloscope, the virtual logic analyzer, the virtual signal generator and the USB2.0 interface. All parts of the specific hardware and principle have been studied in detail. Accroding to the knowledge, the writer designs the schematics and PCB of the system.
In the term of software, four parts are included in the paper: the applications, the drivers, the firmware and the CPLD Programme. The software requirement analysis is introduced first. Then, the specific parts of software design ideas are discussed in detail, and the corresponding flow charts are given in the paper.
At the end of the article, the hardware and software have been debugged individual and jointly. The design has achieved the proposed objectives and has laid a good foundation of futher studies.
本系统主要实现五大功能:虚拟数字存储示波器、虚拟逻辑分析仪、虚拟信号发生器、虚拟频谱分析仪和虚拟数字电压表。本文首先介绍了系统的任务要求,在其基础上进行分析,提出了基于USB2.0接口,使用CPLD和带有单片机的USB芯片作为主要控制芯片,并采用四层电路板设计的研究方案。其次主要从硬件和软件两个方面分别采用模块化方法进行了设计。
在硬件方面,结合具体要实现的功能,主要从虚拟数字存储示波器、虚拟逻辑分析仪、虚拟信号发生器和USB2.0接口这四个方面进行分析和设计,深入研究了具体的硬件组成和原理,在此基础上进行系统的原理图和PCB板设计。
软件方面,根据系统的设计要求,重点研究了四部分内容,分别是:应用程序、驱动程序、USB固件程序和CPLD程序。本文从软件需求分析入手,详细介绍了各部分软件的具体设计思想,并给出了相应的程序流程图。
最后,进行了系统的软硬件调试和联合调试,达到了预期的要求,为下一步的研究工作奠定了良好的基础。
With the rapid development of computer science and microelectronics, The virtual instrument, which is a new concept with epoch-making significance, has been put forward in the field of automatic and electronic measurement. The virtual instrument which is very powerful and potential, can be used in today's experiments to fetch up for the shortcomings of traditional instruments. The multiple virtual test instrument based on the USB2.0 interface is studied thoroughly in this thesis.
Five major functions are realized in this system, such as the virtual digital-storage oscilloscope, the virtual logic analyzer, the virtual signal generator, the virtual spectrum analyzer and the virtual digital voltagemeter. First, the mission requirements of the system are introduced. Then, a research plan is proposed on the analysis of the requirements, which includes the use of the USB2.0 interface, CPLD and the USB microcontroller chip, as well as the four layers PCB design. Second, the system hardware and software are designed by the modular method.
In terms of hardware, the system consists of four aspects: the virtual digital-storage oscilloscope, the virtual logic analyzer, the virtual signal generator and the USB2.0 interface. All parts of the specific hardware and principle have been studied in detail. Accroding to the knowledge, the writer designs the schematics and PCB of the system.
In the term of software, four parts are included in the paper: the applications, the drivers, the firmware and the CPLD Programme. The software requirement analysis is introduced first. Then, the specific parts of software design ideas are discussed in detail, and the corresponding flow charts are given in the paper.
At the end of the article, the hardware and software have been debugged individual and jointly. The design has achieved the proposed objectives and has laid a good foundation of futher studies.
引文
属性不合. 学,2006.1
[25]李娟.虚拟逻辑分析仪的研制[D].南京:东南大学,2005.3
[26]丁娜.虚拟频谱分析仪的设计与实现[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.3
[27]宋智宁.基于WirelessUSB的LIN 总线分析仪的设计与实现[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.6
[28]李震,柯旭贵,汪云祥.虚拟仪器的发展历史、研究现状与展望[J].安徽工程科技学院学报(自然科学版),2003,18(4):1-4
[29]许其贞.虚拟仪器的现状与展望[J].电子世界,2000,8:4-5
[30]薛新红.虚拟仪器技术的发展现状和前景展望[J].现代测量与实验室管理,2006,4:8-12
[31]王红茹.虚拟仪器-仪器发展的新时代[J].国外电子测量技术,1998,1:48
[32]范立南.电子测量技术的新发展——虚拟仪器[J].仪器仪表用户,2001,6(8):5-9
[33]叶淑彬,蒋智伟.从仿真软件到虚拟仪器——浙江树人大学电工电子实验室发展展望[J].浙江树人大学学报,2005,5(2):78-80
[34]夏益民,王广君.基于USB总线的高速数据采集系统[J].国外电子元器件,2003,10:20-23
[35]张泾周,刘璇,戴冠中.基于USB2.0 总线的数据采集系统[J].陕西科技大学学报,2005,23(4):56-60
[36]张万生,王健.高速高精度数据采集系统设计和实现[J].核电子学与探测技术,2007,27(5):809-812,824
[37]吴莹,秦树人,张帆.基于USB总线的嵌入式虚拟仪器的设计[J].自动化仪表,2006,27(3):14-17
[38]郑礴,韩根亮,席彩红.虚拟数字示波器的设计[J].甘肃科学学报,2008,20(1):96-98
[39]梁志国.数字存储示波器的总体评价[J].仪器仪表学报,1999,20(5):545-550
[40]陈建泗,张敏芳,罗贤全.USB2.0 接口的虚拟逻辑分析仪卡的设计与实现[J].传感器与仪器仪表,2005(21):121-122,136
[41]郭艳清,路向阳,李晓荃.基于LabVIEW7.0的虚拟频谱分析仪的设计[J].洛阳大学学报,2006,21(4):61-63,91
[42]李广才,聂东.一种新型多功能虚拟信号发生器的设计[J].肇庆学院学报,2008,29(2):25-28
[43]李珣.PLD及IC开发领域的EDA工具介绍[J].今日电子,2005,8:56
[44]吕坚,王涛,蒋亚东.常用EDA工具介绍[J].今日电子,2003,12:27-29
[45]徐伟业,江冰,虞湘宾.CPLD/FPGA的发展与应用之比较[J].元器件与应用,2007, 2:4-7
[46]于月森,伍小杰,王青春.高速电路印刷电路板的可靠性设计[J].电子质量,2006,11:29-31
[47]孙继业,赵亦工.高速数字系统印刷电路板的设计要点[J].电子工程师,2001,27(12):51-54
[48]雷卫武,邓建华.印制电路板设计原则和抗干扰措施[J].电子世界,1999,6:47-48
[49]元红妍,张鑫,孟宪辉.印制电路板设计中的抗干扰技术[J].电气传动自动化,2005,27(5):60-62
[50]金涛,季忠,秦树人.虚拟仪器系统中的误差分析和修正[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2004,27(12):1-4
[51]http://oitek.com.cn/oitek/news/oceanlist.asp?id=795.逻辑分析仪基础简介.北京海洋兴业科技有限公司
[52]Cypress Semiconductor corporation.EZ-USB FX2 Techinical Reference Manual.Cypress Semiconductor corporation,2003
[53]Cypress Semiconductor corporation.EZ-USB.General Purpose Driver Specification.Cypress Semiconductor corporation,1999
[54]Cypress Semiconductor corporation.CY7C68013 EZ-USB FX2TM USB Microcontroller High-speed USB Peripheral Controller.Cypress Semiconductor corporation,2002
[55]M.Santori.An instrument that isn't really[J].IEEE Spectrum,1990,27(8):36-39
[56]Qin Shuren.Intelligent Virtual Controls--New Concept of Virtual Instrument.Proceedings of 2nd ISIST[C],2002,1:75-79
[57]F.Zubillaga-Elorza and C.R.Allen.Virtual Instrument Toolkit:Rapid Prototyping on the Web[J].IEEE Internet Computing,1999,3(5),41-48
[58]H.Goldberg.What Is Virtual Instrumentation?[J].IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Magazine,2000,3(4):10-13
[59]Yao Yonggang,Yao Bowen,Pan Zhong.Virtual Instrument System for Teaching Lab[J].Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences.1998,3(3):319-322
[60]R.Sethunadh,S.Athuladevi and S.Sankara Iyer.Virtual Instrumentation Techniques in Test and Evaluation of Launch Vehicle Avionics[J].Defence Science Journal,2002,52(4):357-362
[61]Mc Connel,E.Future of virtual instrumentation[J].Sensors,1997,14(7):22-24
[62]Spoedler H.J.W,Ulings.Virtual Instrumentation:A survey of Standards and their Interrelation[C].IEEE Technology Conference,Ottawa,Canada,1997:676-681
[63]Tang Baoping,Zhong Yuanchang,Qiu jianwei.Design of Onboard Instrument Based on Virtual Instrument Technology[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2006,S2:412-416
[64]Kong,LianFang He,ZhiWei.The measuring system of distributed virtual instrument based on Ethernet[J],Electronic Quality,2003,(6):24-25
[65]Zong,DeCai Xiao,TieJun Shi,ZhiQing.Application of virtual instrumentation in automatic test system of optical modular[J].Control and Automation,2005,21(2):131-133
[66]Chung-Ping Young,Michael J.Devaney and Shyh-Chyang Wang.Universal Serial Bus Enhances Virtual Instrument Based Distributed Power Monitoring[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2001,50(6):1692-1697
[67]Li,Shu Chen,JianHui Gao,FengQi.Design of missile launch device automatic test system based on virtual instrument[J].Control and Automation,2005,21(5):133-134
[68]Fco.Sergio Sellschopp S,Marco A.Arjona L.A virtual instrument for frequency analysis of electrical machines.Electric Machines and Drives Conference[C],2001,845-852
[25]李娟.虚拟逻辑分析仪的研制[D].南京:东南大学,2005.3
[26]丁娜.虚拟频谱分析仪的设计与实现[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.3
[27]宋智宁.基于WirelessUSB的LIN 总线分析仪的设计与实现[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.6
[28]李震,柯旭贵,汪云祥.虚拟仪器的发展历史、研究现状与展望[J].安徽工程科技学院学报(自然科学版),2003,18(4):1-4
[29]许其贞.虚拟仪器的现状与展望[J].电子世界,2000,8:4-5
[30]薛新红.虚拟仪器技术的发展现状和前景展望[J].现代测量与实验室管理,2006,4:8-12
[31]王红茹.虚拟仪器-仪器发展的新时代[J].国外电子测量技术,1998,1:48
[32]范立南.电子测量技术的新发展——虚拟仪器[J].仪器仪表用户,2001,6(8):5-9
[33]叶淑彬,蒋智伟.从仿真软件到虚拟仪器——浙江树人大学电工电子实验室发展展望[J].浙江树人大学学报,2005,5(2):78-80
[34]夏益民,王广君.基于USB总线的高速数据采集系统[J].国外电子元器件,2003,10:20-23
[35]张泾周,刘璇,戴冠中.基于USB2.0 总线的数据采集系统[J].陕西科技大学学报,2005,23(4):56-60
[36]张万生,王健.高速高精度数据采集系统设计和实现[J].核电子学与探测技术,2007,27(5):809-812,824
[37]吴莹,秦树人,张帆.基于USB总线的嵌入式虚拟仪器的设计[J].自动化仪表,2006,27(3):14-17
[38]郑礴,韩根亮,席彩红.虚拟数字示波器的设计[J].甘肃科学学报,2008,20(1):96-98
[39]梁志国.数字存储示波器的总体评价[J].仪器仪表学报,1999,20(5):545-550
[40]陈建泗,张敏芳,罗贤全.USB2.0 接口的虚拟逻辑分析仪卡的设计与实现[J].传感器与仪器仪表,2005(21):121-122,136
[41]郭艳清,路向阳,李晓荃.基于LabVIEW7.0的虚拟频谱分析仪的设计[J].洛阳大学学报,2006,21(4):61-63,91
[42]李广才,聂东.一种新型多功能虚拟信号发生器的设计[J].肇庆学院学报,2008,29(2):25-28
[43]李珣.PLD及IC开发领域的EDA工具介绍[J].今日电子,2005,8:56
[44]吕坚,王涛,蒋亚东.常用EDA工具介绍[J].今日电子,2003,12:27-29
[45]徐伟业,江冰,虞湘宾.CPLD/FPGA的发展与应用之比较[J].元器件与应用,2007, 2:4-7
[46]于月森,伍小杰,王青春.高速电路印刷电路板的可靠性设计[J].电子质量,2006,11:29-31
[47]孙继业,赵亦工.高速数字系统印刷电路板的设计要点[J].电子工程师,2001,27(12):51-54
[48]雷卫武,邓建华.印制电路板设计原则和抗干扰措施[J].电子世界,1999,6:47-48
[49]元红妍,张鑫,孟宪辉.印制电路板设计中的抗干扰技术[J].电气传动自动化,2005,27(5):60-62
[50]金涛,季忠,秦树人.虚拟仪器系统中的误差分析和修正[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2004,27(12):1-4
[51]http://oitek.com.cn/oitek/news/oceanlist.asp?id=795.逻辑分析仪基础简介.北京海洋兴业科技有限公司
[52]Cypress Semiconductor corporation.EZ-USB FX2 Techinical Reference Manual.Cypress Semiconductor corporation,2003
[53]Cypress Semiconductor corporation.EZ-USB.General Purpose Driver Specification.Cypress Semiconductor corporation,1999
[54]Cypress Semiconductor corporation.CY7C68013 EZ-USB FX2TM USB Microcontroller High-speed USB Peripheral Controller.Cypress Semiconductor corporation,2002
[55]M.Santori.An instrument that isn't really[J].IEEE Spectrum,1990,27(8):36-39
[56]Qin Shuren.Intelligent Virtual Controls--New Concept of Virtual Instrument.Proceedings of 2nd ISIST[C],2002,1:75-79
[57]F.Zubillaga-Elorza and C.R.Allen.Virtual Instrument Toolkit:Rapid Prototyping on the Web[J].IEEE Internet Computing,1999,3(5),41-48
[58]H.Goldberg.What Is Virtual Instrumentation?[J].IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Magazine,2000,3(4):10-13
[59]Yao Yonggang,Yao Bowen,Pan Zhong.Virtual Instrument System for Teaching Lab[J].Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences.1998,3(3):319-322
[60]R.Sethunadh,S.Athuladevi and S.Sankara Iyer.Virtual Instrumentation Techniques in Test and Evaluation of Launch Vehicle Avionics[J].Defence Science Journal,2002,52(4):357-362
[61]Mc Connel,E.Future of virtual instrumentation[J].Sensors,1997,14(7):22-24
[62]Spoedler H.J.W,Ulings.Virtual Instrumentation:A survey of Standards and their Interrelation[C].IEEE Technology Conference,Ottawa,Canada,1997:676-681
[63]Tang Baoping,Zhong Yuanchang,Qiu jianwei.Design of Onboard Instrument Based on Virtual Instrument Technology[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2006,S2:412-416
[64]Kong,LianFang He,ZhiWei.The measuring system of distributed virtual instrument based on Ethernet[J],Electronic Quality,2003,(6):24-25
[65]Zong,DeCai Xiao,TieJun Shi,ZhiQing.Application of virtual instrumentation in automatic test system of optical modular[J].Control and Automation,2005,21(2):131-133
[66]Chung-Ping Young,Michael J.Devaney and Shyh-Chyang Wang.Universal Serial Bus Enhances Virtual Instrument Based Distributed Power Monitoring[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2001,50(6):1692-1697
[67]Li,Shu Chen,JianHui Gao,FengQi.Design of missile launch device automatic test system based on virtual instrument[J].Control and Automation,2005,21(5):133-134
[68]Fco.Sergio Sellschopp S,Marco A.Arjona L.A virtual instrument for frequency analysis of electrical machines.Electric Machines and Drives Conference[C],2001,845-852