印刷品运动图像巡回检视系统设计
摘要
图像是信息的主要载体,据统计,在人类接受的信息中是以图像和语音信号为主,视觉信号占70%。所以,作为传递信息的重要媒介和方式,视觉信息是非常重要的。随着科学技术的发展,图像处理的应用已经渗透到各个行业。尽管图像压缩在图像传输方面有着重要的意义,但很多场合需要实时性非常高的图像,经压缩丢失的细节往往正是我们所关心的。针对这些缺陷,研究和开发实时无损图像系统是当前图像处理领域的一个重要发展方向。
监控技术的发展趋势,是数字化和网络化。信息流从模拟状态转为数字状态,改变了信息采集、数据处理、传输、控制的方式。同时,监控系统的结构将由集总式向集散式过渡。集散式系统采用多层分级的结构,应用微内核技术的实时多任务、分布式操作系统以实现多点任务的快速响应。使整个网络中硬件和软件资源得到共享,提高任务效率。
本文针对实际需求,给出了一种基于CAN总线的印刷品运动图像巡回检视系统的实现方案,具体设计了一种以SAA7111和AL250为核心芯片的实时图像显示系统为基础,运用PIC单片机和CPLD作为主控制器,以CAN总线作为系统通讯总线的自动巡回检视系统。本文简要的分析了系统的工作原理,深入地设计了检视系统的硬件和软件,参考了乒乓切换的思想,使用了两组帧存器轮流存储一帧图像的两场图像,总结了系统的设计和调试经验,详细介绍了巡回移动机构和友好的人机界面。
设计紧扣图象处理和监控技术的发展方向,并结合实际需求,完成了图像监控的目标。
According to statistics, image and speech information are mainly medium that people transmit information, about 70% percent of the knowledge that people get from outside is given by all kinds of picture. So as the important medium and means of transmitting information, image information is very important. Along with the development of science and technology, image processing applications have infiltrated into various sectors such as communication, industry, health care and so on. Though the image compresses technology have got the important meaning in the aspects of image transmitting, the very high quantity real-time image is demand in many situations, the lose detail in image was usually exactly our concerns of by compression. Aimed at these blemishes, research and development of real-time and lossless imaging system is an important direction in the image processing field.
The development of monitoring technology trends digitalization and networking. Information stream reforms from analog to digital, changes happened in information collection, data processing, transmission, controlled manner etc. aspect. At the same time, the monitoring system will replace lumped structure by Distributed one. Distributed system uses multi-grade structure. The application of micro-kernel real-time multi-tasking distributed operating system achieves more rapid response to the tasks. So that the whole network hardware and software resources sharing, improve the efficiency of tasks.
This paper aims at the actual demand, presents a scheme for a traversed monitoring system of moving print image based on CAN bus, and designs a traversed monitoring system whose master machine is PIC SCM, slave machine's control chip is 18F66J10, logic controller is CPLD, based on AL250 and SAA7111 chips as the core component a real-time imaging system, communication bus is CAN bus. On the basis of system analysis of work theory, this paper designs hardware and software of monitoring system in detail, the system designing and debugging experience is summarized and analyzed as well. Reference to the idea of switching, it uses two memories to store two fields (odd field and even field) of one image in rotation. And it also gives an introduction to the traversed moving mechanism and friendly GUI design.
The design is in the wake of image processing and monitoring technology development direction, answers for the actual demand, completes monitoring target.
监控技术的发展趋势,是数字化和网络化。信息流从模拟状态转为数字状态,改变了信息采集、数据处理、传输、控制的方式。同时,监控系统的结构将由集总式向集散式过渡。集散式系统采用多层分级的结构,应用微内核技术的实时多任务、分布式操作系统以实现多点任务的快速响应。使整个网络中硬件和软件资源得到共享,提高任务效率。
本文针对实际需求,给出了一种基于CAN总线的印刷品运动图像巡回检视系统的实现方案,具体设计了一种以SAA7111和AL250为核心芯片的实时图像显示系统为基础,运用PIC单片机和CPLD作为主控制器,以CAN总线作为系统通讯总线的自动巡回检视系统。本文简要的分析了系统的工作原理,深入地设计了检视系统的硬件和软件,参考了乒乓切换的思想,使用了两组帧存器轮流存储一帧图像的两场图像,总结了系统的设计和调试经验,详细介绍了巡回移动机构和友好的人机界面。
设计紧扣图象处理和监控技术的发展方向,并结合实际需求,完成了图像监控的目标。
According to statistics, image and speech information are mainly medium that people transmit information, about 70% percent of the knowledge that people get from outside is given by all kinds of picture. So as the important medium and means of transmitting information, image information is very important. Along with the development of science and technology, image processing applications have infiltrated into various sectors such as communication, industry, health care and so on. Though the image compresses technology have got the important meaning in the aspects of image transmitting, the very high quantity real-time image is demand in many situations, the lose detail in image was usually exactly our concerns of by compression. Aimed at these blemishes, research and development of real-time and lossless imaging system is an important direction in the image processing field.
The development of monitoring technology trends digitalization and networking. Information stream reforms from analog to digital, changes happened in information collection, data processing, transmission, controlled manner etc. aspect. At the same time, the monitoring system will replace lumped structure by Distributed one. Distributed system uses multi-grade structure. The application of micro-kernel real-time multi-tasking distributed operating system achieves more rapid response to the tasks. So that the whole network hardware and software resources sharing, improve the efficiency of tasks.
This paper aims at the actual demand, presents a scheme for a traversed monitoring system of moving print image based on CAN bus, and designs a traversed monitoring system whose master machine is PIC SCM, slave machine's control chip is 18F66J10, logic controller is CPLD, based on AL250 and SAA7111 chips as the core component a real-time imaging system, communication bus is CAN bus. On the basis of system analysis of work theory, this paper designs hardware and software of monitoring system in detail, the system designing and debugging experience is summarized and analyzed as well. Reference to the idea of switching, it uses two memories to store two fields (odd field and even field) of one image in rotation. And it also gives an introduction to the traversed moving mechanism and friendly GUI design.
The design is in the wake of image processing and monitoring technology development direction, answers for the actual demand, completes monitoring target.
引文
[1]谢庆胜.图像采集与传输系统数字化监控系统的设计[D].西安:西安交通大学,2001.
[2]何静,张昌凡.自动套印控制系统的研究与设计.包装工程,2002,23(3):31-32
[3]何力成,黄彩珍.通用VGA-TV信号转换器的开发[J].新技术开发与应用,2001,6:31-43.
[4]徐向辉,陶然,王越.视频图像采集系统的设计与实现[J].系统工程与电子技术,2001,23(10):13-15.
[5]DENNIS,T.J.High quality digital PAL decoding for single frames.Electronics Letters 1998,34(23)2221-2222
[6]Ito,Shin-Etsu.Scene change phenomena and optimum control of the digital Y/C separation circuit.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1995,41(2)282-287
[7]Ito,Shin-Etsu.Study of digital Y/C separation in NTSC or PAL color television.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1994,40(4)963-968
[8]Ding,Y.;Gao,X.Yi,K.Effective simple Y-C separator for PAL and NTSC TV signals.Electronics Letters 1996,32(5)426-428
[9]H S C.An NTSC to HDTV video conversion system by using the block processing concept.IEEE Trans Consumer Electronics.1994,40(3):216-224
[10]刘冶春.数字视频图像处理方法的研究[D].成都:中国科学院光电技术研究所,2001.
[11]周富强,张广军.视觉检测中高速图像采集技术的研究[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2002,28(2):157-160
[12]PHILIPS Corporation.SAA7111 Datasheet[Z].1998
[13]张军,李含善.可编程视频信号输入处理器SAA7111[J].国外电子元器件,2002,8:39-42.
[14]肖儿良,纪爽,卢子峰,吴常泳.SAA7111在图像多媒体中的应用[J].视频电路,1997,205:79-81.
[15]张军,李含善.可编程视频信号输入处理SAA7111[J].国外电子元器件,2002,12(8):39-41.
[16]黄晓红.基于IIC总线的视频图像采集板[J].河北理工学院学报,2002,24(2):74-78.
[17]The I2C-BUS Specification,Version 2.1.January 2000.http://www.philips.com
[18]SUZUKI Y.Signal processing for a rear-projection TV using a digital micro-mirror array.IEEE Trans Consumer Electronics.2001,47(3):579-585
[19]AL250 DATA SHEET.Aver logic Technologies Corp,2000.2
[20]http://www.Averlogic.com AL250 DATA SHEET.Avedogic Technologies Corp,1999.7
[21]周杰,刘旭,刘向东.采用SAA7110和A1250集成芯片的TV/VGA转换电路[J].电子技术应用,2001,4:66-68.
[22]柴屹华,葛晨阳,冯华.一种视频格式转换电路的设计与实现[J].电视技术,2004,1:67-69.
[23]李番,谢自美.CPLD在视频采集系统中的应用和设计[J].微机发展,2003,7(13):77-81.
[24]http://www.fpga.com.cn
[25]SHOUP,R.G.Real-time image manipulation using soft hardware Systems.Man and Cybernetics,1993.Systems Engineering in the service of Humans.Conference Proceedings.International Conference,17-20 Oct.1993;3:343-348
[26]Miguel Arias-Estrada,Eduardo Rodriguez-Palacios.An FPGA Co-processor for Real-Time Visual Tracking.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 2438/2002
[27]胡晓飞,殳国华,张士文.基于视频处理芯片和CPLD的实时图像采集系统[J].电子技术,2002,10:28-30.
[28]任三军,任雁军,呼文杰.用CPLD和外部SRAM构成大容量FIFO的设计[J].电子产品世界,2001,7:15-17.
[29]朱鹏飞,赵雅兴.视频图像捕获系统SRAM控制器的FPGA实现[J].半导体技术,2002,27(6):18-22.
[30]Samsung Corporation.SDRAM Operations Datasheet[EB/OL].http://www.Sumsung electronics.com
[31]魏华,李荐民.CPLD在图像采集系统中的应用p].计算机测量与控制,2002,10(11):765-760.
[32]姚旭辉,胡越黎,曹家麟.利用CPLD实现视频系统的逻辑控制[J].电子技术,2003,3:33-35.
[33]王林高.基于CPLD的VGA视频转换/浏览器的设计[J].淮阴工学院学报,2002,11(11):10-12.
[34]Altera.Quanus Ⅱ Handbook
[35]俞诗鲲,郑建生,曾欣.用CPLD实现嵌入式平台上的实时图像增强[J].电子技术应用,2003,12:10-12.
[36]聂飞,冯宗哲,郭宝龙,孙伟,潘玉.嵌入式视频采集系统的实现方法研究[J].电视技术,2003,8:46-49.
[37]黄玉田.印刷电路板的布局布线规则.电子产品世界.1998(4):55-57
[38]李文雄,陆俭国.CAN现场总线技术及发展.江苏电器,2004,(1):1-3
[39]J.Kaiser,C.Brudna,C.Mitidieri.Implementing real-time event channels on CAN-bus.IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Proceedings,2004.,9:247-256.
[40]饶运涛,等.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[41]史久根,张培仁.CAN总线在实时系统中应用的研究[J]-中国科学技术大学学报,2005
[42]Microchip公司.Stand-Alone CAN Controller with SPI Interface,2003.
[2]何静,张昌凡.自动套印控制系统的研究与设计.包装工程,2002,23(3):31-32
[3]何力成,黄彩珍.通用VGA-TV信号转换器的开发[J].新技术开发与应用,2001,6:31-43.
[4]徐向辉,陶然,王越.视频图像采集系统的设计与实现[J].系统工程与电子技术,2001,23(10):13-15.
[5]DENNIS,T.J.High quality digital PAL decoding for single frames.Electronics Letters 1998,34(23)2221-2222
[6]Ito,Shin-Etsu.Scene change phenomena and optimum control of the digital Y/C separation circuit.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1995,41(2)282-287
[7]Ito,Shin-Etsu.Study of digital Y/C separation in NTSC or PAL color television.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1994,40(4)963-968
[8]Ding,Y.;Gao,X.Yi,K.Effective simple Y-C separator for PAL and NTSC TV signals.Electronics Letters 1996,32(5)426-428
[9]H S C.An NTSC to HDTV video conversion system by using the block processing concept.IEEE Trans Consumer Electronics.1994,40(3):216-224
[10]刘冶春.数字视频图像处理方法的研究[D].成都:中国科学院光电技术研究所,2001.
[11]周富强,张广军.视觉检测中高速图像采集技术的研究[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2002,28(2):157-160
[12]PHILIPS Corporation.SAA7111 Datasheet[Z].1998
[13]张军,李含善.可编程视频信号输入处理器SAA7111[J].国外电子元器件,2002,8:39-42.
[14]肖儿良,纪爽,卢子峰,吴常泳.SAA7111在图像多媒体中的应用[J].视频电路,1997,205:79-81.
[15]张军,李含善.可编程视频信号输入处理SAA7111[J].国外电子元器件,2002,12(8):39-41.
[16]黄晓红.基于IIC总线的视频图像采集板[J].河北理工学院学报,2002,24(2):74-78.
[17]The I2C-BUS Specification,Version 2.1.January 2000.http://www.philips.com
[18]SUZUKI Y.Signal processing for a rear-projection TV using a digital micro-mirror array.IEEE Trans Consumer Electronics.2001,47(3):579-585
[19]AL250 DATA SHEET.Aver logic Technologies Corp,2000.2
[20]http://www.Averlogic.com AL250 DATA SHEET.Avedogic Technologies Corp,1999.7
[21]周杰,刘旭,刘向东.采用SAA7110和A1250集成芯片的TV/VGA转换电路[J].电子技术应用,2001,4:66-68.
[22]柴屹华,葛晨阳,冯华.一种视频格式转换电路的设计与实现[J].电视技术,2004,1:67-69.
[23]李番,谢自美.CPLD在视频采集系统中的应用和设计[J].微机发展,2003,7(13):77-81.
[24]http://www.fpga.com.cn
[25]SHOUP,R.G.Real-time image manipulation using soft hardware Systems.Man and Cybernetics,1993.Systems Engineering in the service of Humans.Conference Proceedings.International Conference,17-20 Oct.1993;3:343-348
[26]Miguel Arias-Estrada,Eduardo Rodriguez-Palacios.An FPGA Co-processor for Real-Time Visual Tracking.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 2438/2002
[27]胡晓飞,殳国华,张士文.基于视频处理芯片和CPLD的实时图像采集系统[J].电子技术,2002,10:28-30.
[28]任三军,任雁军,呼文杰.用CPLD和外部SRAM构成大容量FIFO的设计[J].电子产品世界,2001,7:15-17.
[29]朱鹏飞,赵雅兴.视频图像捕获系统SRAM控制器的FPGA实现[J].半导体技术,2002,27(6):18-22.
[30]Samsung Corporation.SDRAM Operations Datasheet[EB/OL].http://www.Sumsung electronics.com
[31]魏华,李荐民.CPLD在图像采集系统中的应用p].计算机测量与控制,2002,10(11):765-760.
[32]姚旭辉,胡越黎,曹家麟.利用CPLD实现视频系统的逻辑控制[J].电子技术,2003,3:33-35.
[33]王林高.基于CPLD的VGA视频转换/浏览器的设计[J].淮阴工学院学报,2002,11(11):10-12.
[34]Altera.Quanus Ⅱ Handbook
[35]俞诗鲲,郑建生,曾欣.用CPLD实现嵌入式平台上的实时图像增强[J].电子技术应用,2003,12:10-12.
[36]聂飞,冯宗哲,郭宝龙,孙伟,潘玉.嵌入式视频采集系统的实现方法研究[J].电视技术,2003,8:46-49.
[37]黄玉田.印刷电路板的布局布线规则.电子产品世界.1998(4):55-57
[38]李文雄,陆俭国.CAN现场总线技术及发展.江苏电器,2004,(1):1-3
[39]J.Kaiser,C.Brudna,C.Mitidieri.Implementing real-time event channels on CAN-bus.IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Proceedings,2004.,9:247-256.
[40]饶运涛,等.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[41]史久根,张培仁.CAN总线在实时系统中应用的研究[J]-中国科学技术大学学报,2005
[42]Microchip公司.Stand-Alone CAN Controller with SPI Interface,2003.