多元文化在小学音乐教学中的渗透与研究
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摘要
步入21世纪,科技日益发达,国际间的交流日益频繁,多元文化的概念应运而生,多元文化的意识也越来越在人类生活的各个领域反映出来。多元文化的音乐教育以民主和平等的理念将非西方音乐文化遗产纳入教育体系中,以世界各地区各民族的音乐文化为教学内容,其内容具有双重特点,即地方音乐文化和全球音乐文化,体现的即是弘扬民族音乐文化和理解多元文化两个概念,认为音乐科目应该落实其多元文化的特性。
我国《全日制义务教育音乐课程标准》倡导通过音乐课的教学,使学生具备一定的审美能力和音乐素养,能够喜欢音乐、懂得音乐和表现并创造音乐,进而使之情操得到陶冶,人格得以完善,成为全面发展、身心和谐的人,并把“弘扬民族音乐”、“理解多元文化”和“面向全体学生”列入基本理念,这与多元文化教育观的理念是吻合的。
随着时代的发展,多元文化教育也有着自身不断的发展。在全球化步伐日益加快的今天,多元文化教育现象也被赋予了新时代的意义。在新课改如火如荼进行的时期,从多元文化教育如何体现在音乐课堂这一视角,解读和探讨音乐教育是有特别意义的。
本论文分为五大部分。
第一部分,绪论。阐述研究的缘起、意义,当前国内外多元文化教育的研究现状以及关于本论文的基本概念阐述。
在全球经济一体化的大背景中,各民族的文化融合与多元发展已是世界各国普遍关注的主题,教育的国际化发展,使多元文化教育已经成为国际教育的主流。“弘扬民族音乐”、“理解多元文化”和“面向全体学生”既是新课程标准的重要理念,也是多元文化教育观的教育理念。
中外学者对此问题的研究,以理论研究居多,虽然也有实证研究,但研究的方法于行动研究和经验性研究为主。本文拟对多元文化、多元文化教育的理解,在广西多元文化的广阔背景下,结合音乐课堂的观察分析,以质的研究为方法,以深入小学音乐课堂观察教学为手段,以案例为论据,针对小学音乐教学中多元文化的渗透状况,通过教学目的、内容、方式、手段、情境、评价等诸多方面教学设计的探究,分析其渗透的途径和原因,提出自己的思考与拙见,为丰富小学音乐教学理论,进一步完善新课改下的小学音乐教学,尽一份微薄之力。
第二部分,研究的方法及写作依据。
本论文采用的研究方法主要为文献研究法、案例法、比较法和调查法。通过各类文献和文本材料获取大量详实的信息,以问卷调查和实地观察等方法掌握第一手材料和数据,通过案例比较,主要借鉴基础教育理论的教育心理学、课堂教学理论和多元文化的教育观点,分析广西南宁、桂林小学音乐课堂教学中多元文化渗透方面存在的问题和原因,提出笔者的思考。
第三部分,研究过程,即对广西小学音乐教学中多元文化的现状分析。通过对小学音乐教材多元文化的分析、小学音乐课堂教学实例中的多元文化分析、小学音乐课堂教学效果的问卷调查三方面的分析,结合小学音乐课程的价值、阐释当前广西小学音乐教学中多元文化的渗透情况。
第四部分,多元文化教育视角下广西小学音乐教学存在的问题及成因分析。站在多元文化教育视角下审视广西当前的小学音乐教学,还存在种种问题,如教学目的不够明确,音乐课堂大杂烩现象严重;教学方式与教学理念落后,民族音乐文化的推广缺乏活力;教学环境单一,多元音乐文化的传承流于表面等。通过调查问卷的数据分析和对相关教研人员的访谈分析,笔者认为造成以上问题的主要原因有四点:第一,教师教学经验不够丰富;第二,教师个人素质参差不齐;第三,教师对本土音乐关注的缺失;第四,学校教学活动开展的效果不明显。
第五部分,关于多元文化音乐教育的思考。
论文分析了当前多元环境对音乐教育带来的影响,指出应当从宏观上认识音乐教育的本质;加速高师音乐教育中多元文化教学体系的完善。从微观上,切实加强教师的文化修养和专业学习;营造浓厚氛围的多元文化教学环境;探索多元文化特色的音乐教学模式。
Stepping into the 21st century, with the increasing development of science and technology, international communication become more frequent,The concept of“multi-culture”emerges as the times require, and it reflected in each field of human life。The concept of democracy and equality in multicultural music education have brought non- western musical culture heritage into Education System, used Musical Culture in each minority and each area of the world as teaching content, which include dual features, that is local music culture and world music culture, it shown two concept that is Developing National Music Culture and understanding multi-culture, and it believe that music subject shall carry out the characteristic of multi-culture.
The Music Course Criterion for All-day Compulsory Education in our country advocating Through music teaching , make student have aesthetic ability and music literacy to some extent, and enjoy music , understand music , appreciate music, manifest music, accept and create music ,and then mould student's temperament , personality perfect ,and become a people with All-round Development and physical & mental harmony, and listed Developing National Music, understanding multi-culture and facing to all students as basic concept, which matched with the concept of Multicultural Education.
With the development of times, the Multicultural Education is increasing development. Under the quickly development of globalization, Multicultural Education is given the new ages meaning. During new curriculum reform, from the view of how to embody Multi-culture in the music course to interpretation and study music teaching have special significance.
The dissertation is in five parts.
Part one. Introduction. Described the reasons.Inquiry Summary of study. Interpreting the basic concept.
Under the backdrop of a global economy, cultural fusion between each ethnic and multi-development have become the subjects that universally concern in worldwide, multicultural education had became the mainstream of international education because of the development of educational internationalization. Expansion of national culture, understanding multi-culture not only the important concept of new curriculum standard, but a educational concept in the Multicultural music Education.
Chinese and foreign scholars on this issue, with most of theoretical research, although there are empirical studies, research methods in action research and empirical research-based. This paper through recording educational experience by front-line teachers, promoting teachers to reflect the teaching behavior, improving teaching levels, strengthening teachers' consciousness about multi-culture permeation in music teaching in the future.
Part two. significance and methods .
This paper adopted the methods of the documentary analysis and field observation, referencing theory of educational psychology and multicultural education in basic education, used various literatures and text material to support the interrupting about related concept of this thesis, put forward problems for study, and apply such methods as questionnaire and field observation, and so on ,to possess firsthand materials, analysis of the existing problems and reasons, and put forward some suggestions.
Part three .The Process of study.
Guangxi primary school music teaching in the multi-cultural analysis of the status quo. Music teaching in primary schools through the multi-cultural analysis of primary and secondary school music teaching examples of the cultural diversity of primary and secondary school music teaching the survey results in three areas of analysis, with the value of primary school music curriculum, teaching courses for the specific purpose of the physical, mental and primary school students Characteristics, the current interpretation of the Guangxi primary school music teaching in the multi-cultural infiltration of the situation.
Part four. Existing problems and reasons analysis of music teaching in Guangxi primary school under multi-cultural angle .
Take a glimpse on the current music teaching in Guangxi primary school under the angle of multi-cultural, various problems still exists. For example, all kinds of things mingle together and mainly deviate from music; teachers’sense of multi-cultural education outlook is weak and promotion of local music is short of vitality; the heritage of multi-cultural is sustained in superficial level. By analyzing the data from questionnaire and interview with relative managers ,the author holds that the causations of the above problems can be summarized into four points:firstly, short of enough teaching experience; secondly, teachers’personal quality is varying from each other; Thirdly, lack of solid theoretical foundation; Fourthly, fault multi-cultural heritage is in stagnation stage.
Part Five. Reflections and suggestions
Through analysis on the rooted taste toward western music, the influence of prevail pop music and the impact of the developing online music, the thesis points out inspiration shall be driven from multi-cultural education theories. In the macroscopic view, the essence of music education shall be reviewed to further teaches’lifelong education, and to accelerate the development of multi-cultural music teaching system by higher normal education. In the macrocosmic view, exploit various music teaching modes with multi-cultural characteristics and strengthen teachers’multi-cultural cultivation and professional study practically, and create a teaching environment with multi-cultural atmosphere.
我国《全日制义务教育音乐课程标准》倡导通过音乐课的教学,使学生具备一定的审美能力和音乐素养,能够喜欢音乐、懂得音乐和表现并创造音乐,进而使之情操得到陶冶,人格得以完善,成为全面发展、身心和谐的人,并把“弘扬民族音乐”、“理解多元文化”和“面向全体学生”列入基本理念,这与多元文化教育观的理念是吻合的。
随着时代的发展,多元文化教育也有着自身不断的发展。在全球化步伐日益加快的今天,多元文化教育现象也被赋予了新时代的意义。在新课改如火如荼进行的时期,从多元文化教育如何体现在音乐课堂这一视角,解读和探讨音乐教育是有特别意义的。
本论文分为五大部分。
第一部分,绪论。阐述研究的缘起、意义,当前国内外多元文化教育的研究现状以及关于本论文的基本概念阐述。
在全球经济一体化的大背景中,各民族的文化融合与多元发展已是世界各国普遍关注的主题,教育的国际化发展,使多元文化教育已经成为国际教育的主流。“弘扬民族音乐”、“理解多元文化”和“面向全体学生”既是新课程标准的重要理念,也是多元文化教育观的教育理念。
中外学者对此问题的研究,以理论研究居多,虽然也有实证研究,但研究的方法于行动研究和经验性研究为主。本文拟对多元文化、多元文化教育的理解,在广西多元文化的广阔背景下,结合音乐课堂的观察分析,以质的研究为方法,以深入小学音乐课堂观察教学为手段,以案例为论据,针对小学音乐教学中多元文化的渗透状况,通过教学目的、内容、方式、手段、情境、评价等诸多方面教学设计的探究,分析其渗透的途径和原因,提出自己的思考与拙见,为丰富小学音乐教学理论,进一步完善新课改下的小学音乐教学,尽一份微薄之力。
第二部分,研究的方法及写作依据。
本论文采用的研究方法主要为文献研究法、案例法、比较法和调查法。通过各类文献和文本材料获取大量详实的信息,以问卷调查和实地观察等方法掌握第一手材料和数据,通过案例比较,主要借鉴基础教育理论的教育心理学、课堂教学理论和多元文化的教育观点,分析广西南宁、桂林小学音乐课堂教学中多元文化渗透方面存在的问题和原因,提出笔者的思考。
第三部分,研究过程,即对广西小学音乐教学中多元文化的现状分析。通过对小学音乐教材多元文化的分析、小学音乐课堂教学实例中的多元文化分析、小学音乐课堂教学效果的问卷调查三方面的分析,结合小学音乐课程的价值、阐释当前广西小学音乐教学中多元文化的渗透情况。
第四部分,多元文化教育视角下广西小学音乐教学存在的问题及成因分析。站在多元文化教育视角下审视广西当前的小学音乐教学,还存在种种问题,如教学目的不够明确,音乐课堂大杂烩现象严重;教学方式与教学理念落后,民族音乐文化的推广缺乏活力;教学环境单一,多元音乐文化的传承流于表面等。通过调查问卷的数据分析和对相关教研人员的访谈分析,笔者认为造成以上问题的主要原因有四点:第一,教师教学经验不够丰富;第二,教师个人素质参差不齐;第三,教师对本土音乐关注的缺失;第四,学校教学活动开展的效果不明显。
第五部分,关于多元文化音乐教育的思考。
论文分析了当前多元环境对音乐教育带来的影响,指出应当从宏观上认识音乐教育的本质;加速高师音乐教育中多元文化教学体系的完善。从微观上,切实加强教师的文化修养和专业学习;营造浓厚氛围的多元文化教学环境;探索多元文化特色的音乐教学模式。
Stepping into the 21st century, with the increasing development of science and technology, international communication become more frequent,The concept of“multi-culture”emerges as the times require, and it reflected in each field of human life。The concept of democracy and equality in multicultural music education have brought non- western musical culture heritage into Education System, used Musical Culture in each minority and each area of the world as teaching content, which include dual features, that is local music culture and world music culture, it shown two concept that is Developing National Music Culture and understanding multi-culture, and it believe that music subject shall carry out the characteristic of multi-culture.
The Music Course Criterion for All-day Compulsory Education in our country advocating Through music teaching , make student have aesthetic ability and music literacy to some extent, and enjoy music , understand music , appreciate music, manifest music, accept and create music ,and then mould student's temperament , personality perfect ,and become a people with All-round Development and physical & mental harmony, and listed Developing National Music, understanding multi-culture and facing to all students as basic concept, which matched with the concept of Multicultural Education.
With the development of times, the Multicultural Education is increasing development. Under the quickly development of globalization, Multicultural Education is given the new ages meaning. During new curriculum reform, from the view of how to embody Multi-culture in the music course to interpretation and study music teaching have special significance.
The dissertation is in five parts.
Part one. Introduction. Described the reasons.Inquiry Summary of study. Interpreting the basic concept.
Under the backdrop of a global economy, cultural fusion between each ethnic and multi-development have become the subjects that universally concern in worldwide, multicultural education had became the mainstream of international education because of the development of educational internationalization. Expansion of national culture, understanding multi-culture not only the important concept of new curriculum standard, but a educational concept in the Multicultural music Education.
Chinese and foreign scholars on this issue, with most of theoretical research, although there are empirical studies, research methods in action research and empirical research-based. This paper through recording educational experience by front-line teachers, promoting teachers to reflect the teaching behavior, improving teaching levels, strengthening teachers' consciousness about multi-culture permeation in music teaching in the future.
Part two. significance and methods .
This paper adopted the methods of the documentary analysis and field observation, referencing theory of educational psychology and multicultural education in basic education, used various literatures and text material to support the interrupting about related concept of this thesis, put forward problems for study, and apply such methods as questionnaire and field observation, and so on ,to possess firsthand materials, analysis of the existing problems and reasons, and put forward some suggestions.
Part three .The Process of study.
Guangxi primary school music teaching in the multi-cultural analysis of the status quo. Music teaching in primary schools through the multi-cultural analysis of primary and secondary school music teaching examples of the cultural diversity of primary and secondary school music teaching the survey results in three areas of analysis, with the value of primary school music curriculum, teaching courses for the specific purpose of the physical, mental and primary school students Characteristics, the current interpretation of the Guangxi primary school music teaching in the multi-cultural infiltration of the situation.
Part four. Existing problems and reasons analysis of music teaching in Guangxi primary school under multi-cultural angle .
Take a glimpse on the current music teaching in Guangxi primary school under the angle of multi-cultural, various problems still exists. For example, all kinds of things mingle together and mainly deviate from music; teachers’sense of multi-cultural education outlook is weak and promotion of local music is short of vitality; the heritage of multi-cultural is sustained in superficial level. By analyzing the data from questionnaire and interview with relative managers ,the author holds that the causations of the above problems can be summarized into four points:firstly, short of enough teaching experience; secondly, teachers’personal quality is varying from each other; Thirdly, lack of solid theoretical foundation; Fourthly, fault multi-cultural heritage is in stagnation stage.
Part Five. Reflections and suggestions
Through analysis on the rooted taste toward western music, the influence of prevail pop music and the impact of the developing online music, the thesis points out inspiration shall be driven from multi-cultural education theories. In the macroscopic view, the essence of music education shall be reviewed to further teaches’lifelong education, and to accelerate the development of multi-cultural music teaching system by higher normal education. In the macrocosmic view, exploit various music teaching modes with multi-cultural characteristics and strengthen teachers’multi-cultural cultivation and professional study practically, and create a teaching environment with multi-cultural atmosphere.
引文
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