多周期公用工程系统最优综合与运行优化问题研究
|
摘要
公用工程系统优化综合对于过程工业能源节约、提高经济效益具有重要意义。本文针对多周期公用工程系统最优综合与运行优化问题进行了系统地分析研究。主要研究内容包括以下几个方面：
（1）将普遍的多周期综合与运行优化问题应用到公用工程系统，建立了多周期公用工程系统最优综合与运行优化问题的数学模型，并对该模型进行了具体化处理使之便于数学求解。
（2）针对多周期公用工程系统运行优化问题的特点及传统分枝定界算法的局限性，采用加速算法思想，引入了改进的分枝定界算法进行求解，减小了问题的可行解空间，使得求解所需机时大为减少，最优解搜索能力增强，并通过求解实际应用算例验证了改进算法的有效性。
（3）当多周期公用工程系统最优综合与运行优化PM问题的单元和周期增多时，可能的组合数将呈指数增长，采用通常的算法往往不能在合理的时间内获得问题最优解。针对这一问题，采用了两级分解算法，将PM问题分解为两个规模较小的子问题，建立了多周期公用工程系统最优综合模型和运行优化模型，分先后进行分步求解，减少了求解所需机时，增大了能够求解的问题规模，应用算例求解结果表明，两级分解算法对于PM问题是一种行之有效的算法。
The synthesis and operation optimization of utility systems are very important to process industry to save energy and get economic profit as much as possible. This dissertation has carried out systematic research on the synthesis and operation planning problem of utility systems for multi-periods operation with varying demands. The main research includes:
(1) Apply a general mixed-integer optimization model for multi-periods synthesis and operation planning problem(MSOP) to utility systems and then obtain the PM model. For feasible mathematic solving, this PM model has been reformulated.
(2) Aiming at the characters of the multi-periods operation planning problem for utility systems and the difficulties encountered when use the standard Branch-and-Bound algorithm, the thought of accelerating is adopted and the accelerated Branch-and-Bound algorithm is introduced. The solution space is decreased and the computational costs are reduced and the ability of searching optimal solution is enhanced. Through two examples, the validity of the algorithm has been proved.
(3) For the multi-periods synthesis and operation planning problem of utility systems(PM), the combination load will show exponential growth with the number of units and periods. Usual algorithms can not achieve optimal solution in reasonable time. To overcome this problem, the Bilevel Decomposition Method is introduced. With the method the PM problem is divided into two subproblems to solve, thus computational costs are reduced and the size of problems solvable is increased. With two examples of different size the algorithm has been tested for it’s applicability and validity.
（1）将普遍的多周期综合与运行优化问题应用到公用工程系统，建立了多周期公用工程系统最优综合与运行优化问题的数学模型，并对该模型进行了具体化处理使之便于数学求解。
（2）针对多周期公用工程系统运行优化问题的特点及传统分枝定界算法的局限性，采用加速算法思想，引入了改进的分枝定界算法进行求解，减小了问题的可行解空间，使得求解所需机时大为减少，最优解搜索能力增强，并通过求解实际应用算例验证了改进算法的有效性。
（3）当多周期公用工程系统最优综合与运行优化PM问题的单元和周期增多时，可能的组合数将呈指数增长，采用通常的算法往往不能在合理的时间内获得问题最优解。针对这一问题，采用了两级分解算法，将PM问题分解为两个规模较小的子问题，建立了多周期公用工程系统最优综合模型和运行优化模型，分先后进行分步求解，减少了求解所需机时，增大了能够求解的问题规模，应用算例求解结果表明，两级分解算法对于PM问题是一种行之有效的算法。
The synthesis and operation optimization of utility systems are very important to process industry to save energy and get economic profit as much as possible. This dissertation has carried out systematic research on the synthesis and operation planning problem of utility systems for multi-periods operation with varying demands. The main research includes:
(1) Apply a general mixed-integer optimization model for multi-periods synthesis and operation planning problem(MSOP) to utility systems and then obtain the PM model. For feasible mathematic solving, this PM model has been reformulated.
(2) Aiming at the characters of the multi-periods operation planning problem for utility systems and the difficulties encountered when use the standard Branch-and-Bound algorithm, the thought of accelerating is adopted and the accelerated Branch-and-Bound algorithm is introduced. The solution space is decreased and the computational costs are reduced and the ability of searching optimal solution is enhanced. Through two examples, the validity of the algorithm has been proved.
(3) For the multi-periods synthesis and operation planning problem of utility systems(PM), the combination load will show exponential growth with the number of units and periods. Usual algorithms can not achieve optimal solution in reasonable time. To overcome this problem, the Bilevel Decomposition Method is introduced. With the method the PM problem is divided into two subproblems to solve, thus computational costs are reduced and the size of problems solvable is increased. With two examples of different size the algorithm has been tested for it’s applicability and validity.
引文
1 戴彦德.我国可持续发展中的能源问题.节能,2003,(2):3-5
2 杨友麒,曾广安.我国化工节能潜力与对策.全国第七届热力学分析与节能学术报告会论文.大连,1994
3 姚平经.全过程系统能量优化综合.大连:大连理工大学出版社,1995.8
4 Nishio,Itoh,Shiroko,Umeda.A thermodynamic approach to steam-power system design.Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des.Dev,1980,19(2):306-312
5 Nishio,Johnson.Strategy for energy system expansion.Chem. Eng. Prog., 1977,73(1):73-80
6 Papoulias,Grossmann.Structral optimization approach in process synthesis-Ⅰ:Utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,1983,7(6):695-706
7 Linnhoff,Smith.The pinch principle.Mechanical Engng,1998,(2):70-73
8 华贲，沈剑峰.分馏塔网络能量综合的佣经济优化方法.石油化工,1992,(6)
9 Huang,Elshout.Optimising the heat recovery of crude units.Chem. Eng. Prog., 1976,72(7):68-74
10 Linnhoff,Flower.Synthesis of heat exchanger network.AIChE J,1978,24(4): 642-654
11 Linnhoff,Turner.Heat-recovery networks:New insights yield big savings.Chem. Engng,1981,88(2):56-70
12 Linnhoff.User guide on process integration for the efficient use of energy.Warwick:Warwick Publishing Company,1994
13 Townsend,Linnhoff.Heat and power networks in process design-Ⅰ:Criteria for
placement of heat engines and heat pumps in process networks.AIChE J,1983, 29(5):742-748
14 Colmenares,Seider.Heat and power integration of chemical process.AIChE J,
1987,33(6):898-915
15 Duran,Grossmann.Simultaneous optimization and heat integration of chemical process.AIChE J,1986,32(1):123-138
16 朱世才.换热网络与公用工程系统的联合优化-核心决策模型法：[学位论文]，北京：清华大学，1989
17 Doldan,Bagajewicz,Cerda.Designing heat exchanger networks for existing chemical plants.Comput. Chem. Eng.,1985,9(5):483-498
18 Nishio,Johnson.Strategy for energy system expansion.Chem. Eng. Prog. 1977, 73(1):73-80
19 Clark,Jones.Synthesis techniques for retrofiting heat recovery systems.Chem. Eng.Prog.,1986,82(7):28-34
20 Grossmann,Santibanez.Applications of mixed-integer linear programming in process synthesis.Comput. Chem. Eng.,1980,4(4):205-214
21 Papoulias,Grossmann.A structural optimization approach in process synthesis-Ⅰ:Utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,1983,7(6): 695-706
22 Maia,Oassim. Synthesis of utility systems by simulated annealing.Comput. Chem. Engng,1995,19(4): 481-488
23 Mavromatis,Kokossis.Hardware Composites:A new conceptual tool for the analysis and optimization of steam turbine networks in chemical process industries.Chemical Engineering Science, 1998,53(7):1405-1434
24 陈元鹏，蒋楚生，郑丹星.大型乙烯企业总能系统的研究-Ⅱ.石油化工,1992,21 (3):183-187
25 沈幼庭,袁小雄,石维谭.应用数学模型确定炼油厂蒸汽动力系统最优改造方案.石油化工,1992,21(7):455
26 尹洪超.过程系统能量综合方法的研究:[学位论文],大连:大连理工大学,1996
27 Nishio,Umeda.Optimal use of steam and power in chemical plants.Ind. Engng Chem. Process Des. Dev,1982,21(4):640-646
28 Chou,Shih.A thermodynamic approach to the design and synthesis of plant utility systems.Ind. Engng Chem. Res.,1987,26(6):1100-1108
29 Linnhoff，Marsland．User guide on process integration for the efficient use of energy.Chemical Engineering World,1996,31(6):151
30 Dhole，Linnhoff．Total site targets for fuel，co-generation，emissions and cooling.Comput. Chem．Engng,1993,17(suppl):101-109
31 Friedler,Tarjan,Huang,Fan.Graph-theoretic approach to process synthesis: axioms and the-orems.Chemical Engineering Science,1992,47(8):1973-1988
32 Hooker,Yan,Grossmann,Raman.Logic cuts for processing networks with fixed charges.Computers Operations Research,1994,21(3):265-279
33 Floudas,Grossmann.Algorithmic approaches to process synthesis:Logic and global optimization.American institute of chemical engineering symposium series 304,fourth international conference on foundations of computer-aided process design,1995,91:198.
34 Vecchiety,Grossmann.Modeling issues and implementation of language for disjunctive programming.Computers and Chemical Engineering,2000,24(9)： 2143-2155
35 Lee,Grossmann.New algorithms for nonlinear generalised disjunctive programming.Computers and Chemical Engineering,2000,24(9):2125-2141
36 Hui,Natori.An industrial application using mixed-integer programming technique:a multiperiod utility system model.Comput. Chem. Engng, 1996,20(Supplement 2):1577-1582
37 Iyer,Grossmann.Optimal multiperiod operational planning for utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,1997,21(8):787-800
38 Iyer,Grossmann.Synthesis and operational planning of utility systems for multiperiod operation. Comput. Chem. Engng,1998,22(7-8):979-993
39 Iyer,Grossmann.Synthesis and operational planning of utility systems for multiperiod operation.Comput. Chem. Engng,1998,22(7-8):979-993
40刘金平.过程工业蒸汽动力系统集成建模理论及应用的研究:[学位论文],广州:华南理工大学,2002
41何啸为.蒸汽动力系统最优综合方法的研究:[学位论文],大连:大连理工大学,2002
42 Alexandros,Strouvalis.An accelerated branch-and-bound algorithm for assignment problems of utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,2002,26(4-5):617–630
2 杨友麒,曾广安.我国化工节能潜力与对策.全国第七届热力学分析与节能学术报告会论文.大连,1994
3 姚平经.全过程系统能量优化综合.大连:大连理工大学出版社,1995.8
4 Nishio,Itoh,Shiroko,Umeda.A thermodynamic approach to steam-power system design.Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des.Dev,1980,19(2):306-312
5 Nishio,Johnson.Strategy for energy system expansion.Chem. Eng. Prog., 1977,73(1):73-80
6 Papoulias,Grossmann.Structral optimization approach in process synthesis-Ⅰ:Utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,1983,7(6):695-706
7 Linnhoff,Smith.The pinch principle.Mechanical Engng,1998,(2):70-73
8 华贲，沈剑峰.分馏塔网络能量综合的佣经济优化方法.石油化工,1992,(6)
9 Huang,Elshout.Optimising the heat recovery of crude units.Chem. Eng. Prog., 1976,72(7):68-74
10 Linnhoff,Flower.Synthesis of heat exchanger network.AIChE J,1978,24(4): 642-654
11 Linnhoff,Turner.Heat-recovery networks:New insights yield big savings.Chem. Engng,1981,88(2):56-70
12 Linnhoff.User guide on process integration for the efficient use of energy.Warwick:Warwick Publishing Company,1994
13 Townsend,Linnhoff.Heat and power networks in process design-Ⅰ:Criteria for
placement of heat engines and heat pumps in process networks.AIChE J,1983, 29(5):742-748
14 Colmenares,Seider.Heat and power integration of chemical process.AIChE J,
1987,33(6):898-915
15 Duran,Grossmann.Simultaneous optimization and heat integration of chemical process.AIChE J,1986,32(1):123-138
16 朱世才.换热网络与公用工程系统的联合优化-核心决策模型法：[学位论文]，北京：清华大学，1989
17 Doldan,Bagajewicz,Cerda.Designing heat exchanger networks for existing chemical plants.Comput. Chem. Eng.,1985,9(5):483-498
18 Nishio,Johnson.Strategy for energy system expansion.Chem. Eng. Prog. 1977, 73(1):73-80
19 Clark,Jones.Synthesis techniques for retrofiting heat recovery systems.Chem. Eng.Prog.,1986,82(7):28-34
20 Grossmann,Santibanez.Applications of mixed-integer linear programming in process synthesis.Comput. Chem. Eng.,1980,4(4):205-214
21 Papoulias,Grossmann.A structural optimization approach in process synthesis-Ⅰ:Utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,1983,7(6): 695-706
22 Maia,Oassim. Synthesis of utility systems by simulated annealing.Comput. Chem. Engng,1995,19(4): 481-488
23 Mavromatis,Kokossis.Hardware Composites:A new conceptual tool for the analysis and optimization of steam turbine networks in chemical process industries.Chemical Engineering Science, 1998,53(7):1405-1434
24 陈元鹏，蒋楚生，郑丹星.大型乙烯企业总能系统的研究-Ⅱ.石油化工,1992,21 (3):183-187
25 沈幼庭,袁小雄,石维谭.应用数学模型确定炼油厂蒸汽动力系统最优改造方案.石油化工,1992,21(7):455
26 尹洪超.过程系统能量综合方法的研究:[学位论文],大连:大连理工大学,1996
27 Nishio,Umeda.Optimal use of steam and power in chemical plants.Ind. Engng Chem. Process Des. Dev,1982,21(4):640-646
28 Chou,Shih.A thermodynamic approach to the design and synthesis of plant utility systems.Ind. Engng Chem. Res.,1987,26(6):1100-1108
29 Linnhoff，Marsland．User guide on process integration for the efficient use of energy.Chemical Engineering World,1996,31(6):151
30 Dhole，Linnhoff．Total site targets for fuel，co-generation，emissions and cooling.Comput. Chem．Engng,1993,17(suppl):101-109
31 Friedler,Tarjan,Huang,Fan.Graph-theoretic approach to process synthesis: axioms and the-orems.Chemical Engineering Science,1992,47(8):1973-1988
32 Hooker,Yan,Grossmann,Raman.Logic cuts for processing networks with fixed charges.Computers Operations Research,1994,21(3):265-279
33 Floudas,Grossmann.Algorithmic approaches to process synthesis:Logic and global optimization.American institute of chemical engineering symposium series 304,fourth international conference on foundations of computer-aided process design,1995,91:198.
34 Vecchiety,Grossmann.Modeling issues and implementation of language for disjunctive programming.Computers and Chemical Engineering,2000,24(9)： 2143-2155
35 Lee,Grossmann.New algorithms for nonlinear generalised disjunctive programming.Computers and Chemical Engineering,2000,24(9):2125-2141
36 Hui,Natori.An industrial application using mixed-integer programming technique:a multiperiod utility system model.Comput. Chem. Engng, 1996,20(Supplement 2):1577-1582
37 Iyer,Grossmann.Optimal multiperiod operational planning for utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,1997,21(8):787-800
38 Iyer,Grossmann.Synthesis and operational planning of utility systems for multiperiod operation. Comput. Chem. Engng,1998,22(7-8):979-993
39 Iyer,Grossmann.Synthesis and operational planning of utility systems for multiperiod operation.Comput. Chem. Engng,1998,22(7-8):979-993
40刘金平.过程工业蒸汽动力系统集成建模理论及应用的研究:[学位论文],广州:华南理工大学,2002
41何啸为.蒸汽动力系统最优综合方法的研究:[学位论文],大连:大连理工大学,2002
42 Alexandros,Strouvalis.An accelerated branch-and-bound algorithm for assignment problems of utility systems.Comput. Chem. Engng,2002,26(4-5):617–630