基于拉索精细化物理特性的弦支结构体系力学性能研究
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摘要
随着预应力钢结构工程应用的推广和科学研究的深入，精细化数值模拟分析已经成为预应力钢结构全寿命状态下受力性能分析的有效方法。预应力钢结构的核心构件拉索的膨胀系数、弹性模量以及拉索结构阻尼的取值问题，直接影响到结构精细化数值模拟的准确性。新型拉索结构体系与拉索节点的研发，也给预应力钢结构体系分析设计以及工程应用带来一系列的科学问题。本文主要围绕上述问题，采用数值分析与试验研究相结合的方法，开展了系统深入的分析研究，取得了一些具有科学意义和工程应用价值的研究成果：
建立了温度作用下预应力钢结构核心构件拉索的变形协调方程，推导了拉索材料线膨胀系数的解析公式；基于拉索热膨胀基本方程，研发出空气加热拉索线膨胀系数测定试验设备，测定了钢丝绳、钢绞线和钢丝束的线膨胀系数，验证了拉索热膨胀理论分析方法；研究了拉索热膨胀性能对弦支筒壳结构的性能的影响，并通过跨度约3.3米的弦支筒壳缩尺模型试验进行了验证。相关研究成果编入行业标准《预应力钢结构技术规程》和地方规程《天津市空间网格结构技术规程》；
建立了受力状态下预应力钢结构核心构件拉索的变形协调方程，推导了拉索弹性模量计算公式，提出钢拉索弹性模量降低系数，揭示了绞捻方式、捻距、绕捻半径以及温度作用对钢拉索弹性模量影响规律；研究了不同拉索失效后对弦支穹顶稳定性能的影响规律；
开展了弦支筒壳结构动力特性试验研究，分析了弦支筒壳结构矢跨比和垂跨比对其动力特性的影响；基于大跨度空间结构动力特性的复杂性与OKID系统识别方法的可靠性，提出一种适合弦支结构的动力特性识别新方法。通过一个弦支穹顶结构算例验证了方法的有效性和合理性，揭示了拉索索力，测点数量与布置，输出信号等对识别精度的影响规律；
提出一种新型拉索补强型焊接相贯节点；通过破坏性试验和实物验证性试验与有限元数值模拟，系统研究了拉索补强型焊接相贯节点的受力性能与破坏模式。同时采用云纹干涉法有效解决了受力复杂区域电测时漏检误判的技术难题，全面验证了拉索补强型焊接相贯节点的安全性和可靠性。
With both the promotion of engineering application and the development oftheoretical research on prestress steel structure, the fine numerical simulation analysishas became an effective method to analysis the whole life cycle behavior of theprestress steel structure. As the key component of the prestress structure, thedetermination of the values of the expansion coefficient, elasticity modulus of thesteel cable and the damping of structure with the steel cable are directly related to theaccuracy of the fine numerical simulation analysis. Besides, with the innovation ofnew prestress steel structure system and steel cable joint, a series scientific problemson the analysis and design of the prestress steel research have also been put forward.Based on the above problems, both the numerical analysis and experimental researchhave been used to conduct a systematic and deep research on the prestress steelstructure in this paper. Several research results with great importance in scientificresearch and engineering application have been obtained:
The extension deformation compatibility of the steel cable under the temperatureeffect was established. The formula of thermal expansion coefficient of steel cableswas devised. On the basis of the thermal expansion equation of the cable, the thermalexpansion coefficient measuring instrument was proposed. The thermal expansioncoefficients of the steel-wire rope cable, steel strand cable and steel tendon cable,were determined. Meanwhile, the theoretical analysis on thermal expansionmechanism of steel cables was verified. The influence regularity of the cableexpansion coefficient on the cable supported barrel vault structures performanceunder the temperature effect was researched and verified by a scale model of the cablesupported barrel vault structure, whose span is3.3m. The research results have beenorganized into technical specification for prestressed steel structure and technicalspecification for spatial grid structure of Tianjin.
The compatibility equations of deformation of the steel cable and the equationsof mathematical physics of the wire were established. The evaluation approach on theelasticity modulus of steel cable was developed and reduction factor of cable elasticitymodulus was proposed. Then, the influence of the twisting way, lay pitch, thediameter of the steel wire and temperature effect on the cable elasticity moduls wasdiscussed. The influence regularity of the cable failure on the stability performance of the suspendome was investigated preliminary.
The dynamic characteristic of cable-supported barrel vault structures was studied,and the influence regularity of rise-span ratio and sag-span ratio was obtained. Abaseon the complexity of the space structure and the reliability of the system identification,a new method to obtain dynamic characteristics of the cable supported structure wasproposed. Taking a suspendome for example, the validity and reasonable of thismethod was verified. The influence regularity of cable force, the number and locationof measure point, output signal and soon were discussed.
The cable joint of reinforcing welded penetrated tubular was proposed, and thedesign formulas of the joint bearing capacity were derived. According to theverification test of object specimens, the destructive test of scale model specimens andnumerical analysis, the mechanical properties and failure modes of the cable joint ofreinforcing welded penetrated tubular was studied systematically. Meanwhile, thetechnical problem of missing inspection and misjudgment in the complicated forces filedwas solved by using themoire intervention, and the safety and reliability of the jointswere comprehensively verified.
建立了温度作用下预应力钢结构核心构件拉索的变形协调方程，推导了拉索材料线膨胀系数的解析公式；基于拉索热膨胀基本方程，研发出空气加热拉索线膨胀系数测定试验设备，测定了钢丝绳、钢绞线和钢丝束的线膨胀系数，验证了拉索热膨胀理论分析方法；研究了拉索热膨胀性能对弦支筒壳结构的性能的影响，并通过跨度约3.3米的弦支筒壳缩尺模型试验进行了验证。相关研究成果编入行业标准《预应力钢结构技术规程》和地方规程《天津市空间网格结构技术规程》；
建立了受力状态下预应力钢结构核心构件拉索的变形协调方程，推导了拉索弹性模量计算公式，提出钢拉索弹性模量降低系数，揭示了绞捻方式、捻距、绕捻半径以及温度作用对钢拉索弹性模量影响规律；研究了不同拉索失效后对弦支穹顶稳定性能的影响规律；
开展了弦支筒壳结构动力特性试验研究，分析了弦支筒壳结构矢跨比和垂跨比对其动力特性的影响；基于大跨度空间结构动力特性的复杂性与OKID系统识别方法的可靠性，提出一种适合弦支结构的动力特性识别新方法。通过一个弦支穹顶结构算例验证了方法的有效性和合理性，揭示了拉索索力，测点数量与布置，输出信号等对识别精度的影响规律；
提出一种新型拉索补强型焊接相贯节点；通过破坏性试验和实物验证性试验与有限元数值模拟，系统研究了拉索补强型焊接相贯节点的受力性能与破坏模式。同时采用云纹干涉法有效解决了受力复杂区域电测时漏检误判的技术难题，全面验证了拉索补强型焊接相贯节点的安全性和可靠性。
With both the promotion of engineering application and the development oftheoretical research on prestress steel structure, the fine numerical simulation analysishas became an effective method to analysis the whole life cycle behavior of theprestress steel structure. As the key component of the prestress structure, thedetermination of the values of the expansion coefficient, elasticity modulus of thesteel cable and the damping of structure with the steel cable are directly related to theaccuracy of the fine numerical simulation analysis. Besides, with the innovation ofnew prestress steel structure system and steel cable joint, a series scientific problemson the analysis and design of the prestress steel research have also been put forward.Based on the above problems, both the numerical analysis and experimental researchhave been used to conduct a systematic and deep research on the prestress steelstructure in this paper. Several research results with great importance in scientificresearch and engineering application have been obtained:
The extension deformation compatibility of the steel cable under the temperatureeffect was established. The formula of thermal expansion coefficient of steel cableswas devised. On the basis of the thermal expansion equation of the cable, the thermalexpansion coefficient measuring instrument was proposed. The thermal expansioncoefficients of the steel-wire rope cable, steel strand cable and steel tendon cable,were determined. Meanwhile, the theoretical analysis on thermal expansionmechanism of steel cables was verified. The influence regularity of the cableexpansion coefficient on the cable supported barrel vault structures performanceunder the temperature effect was researched and verified by a scale model of the cablesupported barrel vault structure, whose span is3.3m. The research results have beenorganized into technical specification for prestressed steel structure and technicalspecification for spatial grid structure of Tianjin.
The compatibility equations of deformation of the steel cable and the equationsof mathematical physics of the wire were established. The evaluation approach on theelasticity modulus of steel cable was developed and reduction factor of cable elasticitymodulus was proposed. Then, the influence of the twisting way, lay pitch, thediameter of the steel wire and temperature effect on the cable elasticity moduls wasdiscussed. The influence regularity of the cable failure on the stability performance of the suspendome was investigated preliminary.
The dynamic characteristic of cable-supported barrel vault structures was studied,and the influence regularity of rise-span ratio and sag-span ratio was obtained. Abaseon the complexity of the space structure and the reliability of the system identification,a new method to obtain dynamic characteristics of the cable supported structure wasproposed. Taking a suspendome for example, the validity and reasonable of thismethod was verified. The influence regularity of cable force, the number and locationof measure point, output signal and soon were discussed.
The cable joint of reinforcing welded penetrated tubular was proposed, and thedesign formulas of the joint bearing capacity were derived. According to theverification test of object specimens, the destructive test of scale model specimens andnumerical analysis, the mechanical properties and failure modes of the cable joint ofreinforcing welded penetrated tubular was studied systematically. Meanwhile, thetechnical problem of missing inspection and misjudgment in the complicated forces filedwas solved by using themoire intervention, and the safety and reliability of the jointswere comprehensively verified.
引文
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