徐深气井储层保护配套技术研究
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摘要
本文通过对徐家围子气田的地理简况,气象、水文,区域构造背景,构造基本特征,地层概况,生、储油层分析及封(堵)盖条件,气藏流体性质及气藏类型等分析,研究了徐家围子天然气储层损害机理及保护储层措施,同时进行了水敏(盐敏)性研究;流速敏感性研究;酸敏性研究;碱敏性研究;压力敏感性研究;无机和有机垢的损害问题研究;固相损害侵入问题研究;钻井液滤液的水锁损害问题研究,分析确定徐深气田储层以水敏(盐敏)损害为主,其次是速敏损害,压力敏感性和碱敏损害相对较弱,平均来说,不存在酸敏损害。地层有足够的能量可以驱开水锁段塞时,水锁损害较小;若是地层没有足够的能量驱开水锁段塞时,水锁损害将会很严重。
《徐深气井储层保护配套技术研究》建立了保护气井储层的研究方法,充分分析了影响储层的各种因素,在钻井过程中的主要储层损害问题是钻井完井液固相侵入微裂缝或漏失引起固相堵塞损害,钻井液滤液侵入储层引起的水敏、水锁和碱敏损害,以及含高价阳离子的滤液侵入储层引起的无机垢损害,根据现场实际钻井施工需要,研究了抗高温钻井液体系和超低渗透钻井液,确定了行之有效的保护方案,其中KWB-1能显著地提高其它降滤失剂的抗温性能,具有协同增效作用,与常规处理剂配伍性好,护胶能力强,施工工艺技术简单,操作方便,维护容易。
徐家围子断陷带主力气层孔隙度2%-10%,渗透率0.04-2.574md,钻井过程中储层易损害。要保护该地区储层,减轻钻井过程中对储层的损害,应从防止固相侵入微裂缝或钻井液漏失导致的固相损害、降低低渗储层的滤液侵入损害、使用合适的钻井液密度、缩短钻井液浸泡储层时间等方面入手。
By analyzing the general geographical overviews, meteorology, hydrology, and the background and basic characters of regional structure, formation generalization, the conditions of source kitchen, reservoir and cap rock, fluid characters and types of gas reservoir etc, we conduct a deep research on the damage mechanism of gas reservoir and measures of reservoir formation damage control, meanwhile develop some research on the following aspects such as water sensitivity, salt sensitivity , flow rate sensitivity, acid sensitivity, alkali sensitivity, pressure sensitivity of the gas reservoir, the problem about damage of inorganic and organic scale, solid invasion, water lock damage caused by drilling fluid filtrate are also discussed. In the end ,we come to conclusion that the reservoir damage in deep gas well of Xujiaweizi is mainly caused by water sensitivity, and then flow rate sensitivity, the pressure sensitivity and alkali sensitivity relatively have slight influence on gas reservoir, and there is no damage because of acid sensitivity. If the reservoir formation has enough energy to displace the water lock section, water lock will cause slight damages, otherwise the damage will be serious.
In this paper, the method was established for formation damage control of gas reservoir, the method have fully considered several factors which can influence the reservoir. During drilling, the main damage to the gas reservoir is solid block caused by solids in drilling fluid or completion fluid which invade into crack or caused by the lost circulation. Filtrate of drilling fluid can cause water sensitivity, water lock and alkali sensitivity damage, filtrate which contains high quantity positive ions can cause inorganic scale damage. According to the field requirement, we have developed drilling fluid system with high temperature resistance and ultra low fluid loss and effective protection program. The KWB-1 can significantly enhance high temperature resistance of other fluid loss control additives, it has character of synergistic action, good compatibility, and good gel maintenance capability, simple to operate, easy to maintain.
The porosity of gas reservoir in the main faults belt in Xujiaweizi is 2%-10%, its permeability is about 0.04-2.574 md, and it is easy to be damaged during drilling process. To control reservoir damage in this area, reduce the damage caused by drilling process, we should prevent solids from invading micro fissures and the damage caused by fluid loss, reduce the damage caused by filtrate in low permeable formation, use the suitable drilling fluid density, and shorten the time of formation exposed to drilling fluid.
《徐深气井储层保护配套技术研究》建立了保护气井储层的研究方法,充分分析了影响储层的各种因素,在钻井过程中的主要储层损害问题是钻井完井液固相侵入微裂缝或漏失引起固相堵塞损害,钻井液滤液侵入储层引起的水敏、水锁和碱敏损害,以及含高价阳离子的滤液侵入储层引起的无机垢损害,根据现场实际钻井施工需要,研究了抗高温钻井液体系和超低渗透钻井液,确定了行之有效的保护方案,其中KWB-1能显著地提高其它降滤失剂的抗温性能,具有协同增效作用,与常规处理剂配伍性好,护胶能力强,施工工艺技术简单,操作方便,维护容易。
徐家围子断陷带主力气层孔隙度2%-10%,渗透率0.04-2.574md,钻井过程中储层易损害。要保护该地区储层,减轻钻井过程中对储层的损害,应从防止固相侵入微裂缝或钻井液漏失导致的固相损害、降低低渗储层的滤液侵入损害、使用合适的钻井液密度、缩短钻井液浸泡储层时间等方面入手。
By analyzing the general geographical overviews, meteorology, hydrology, and the background and basic characters of regional structure, formation generalization, the conditions of source kitchen, reservoir and cap rock, fluid characters and types of gas reservoir etc, we conduct a deep research on the damage mechanism of gas reservoir and measures of reservoir formation damage control, meanwhile develop some research on the following aspects such as water sensitivity, salt sensitivity , flow rate sensitivity, acid sensitivity, alkali sensitivity, pressure sensitivity of the gas reservoir, the problem about damage of inorganic and organic scale, solid invasion, water lock damage caused by drilling fluid filtrate are also discussed. In the end ,we come to conclusion that the reservoir damage in deep gas well of Xujiaweizi is mainly caused by water sensitivity, and then flow rate sensitivity, the pressure sensitivity and alkali sensitivity relatively have slight influence on gas reservoir, and there is no damage because of acid sensitivity. If the reservoir formation has enough energy to displace the water lock section, water lock will cause slight damages, otherwise the damage will be serious.
In this paper, the method was established for formation damage control of gas reservoir, the method have fully considered several factors which can influence the reservoir. During drilling, the main damage to the gas reservoir is solid block caused by solids in drilling fluid or completion fluid which invade into crack or caused by the lost circulation. Filtrate of drilling fluid can cause water sensitivity, water lock and alkali sensitivity damage, filtrate which contains high quantity positive ions can cause inorganic scale damage. According to the field requirement, we have developed drilling fluid system with high temperature resistance and ultra low fluid loss and effective protection program. The KWB-1 can significantly enhance high temperature resistance of other fluid loss control additives, it has character of synergistic action, good compatibility, and good gel maintenance capability, simple to operate, easy to maintain.
The porosity of gas reservoir in the main faults belt in Xujiaweizi is 2%-10%, its permeability is about 0.04-2.574 md, and it is easy to be damaged during drilling process. To control reservoir damage in this area, reduce the damage caused by drilling process, we should prevent solids from invading micro fissures and the damage caused by fluid loss, reduce the damage caused by filtrate in low permeable formation, use the suitable drilling fluid density, and shorten the time of formation exposed to drilling fluid.
引文
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[13] 张云连,陈永明等,2000.泡沫钻井液的静液柱压力分析计算.石油钻探技术,28(3)
[14] 寇海成,朱坤科,吴建文,2000.适合于欠平衡钻井的油气藏筛选依据.钻采工艺,23(5):22-24
[15] 黄林栋,王永吉,李瑞营等,2002.欠平衡钻井设计中若干问题的考虑.钻采工艺,25(1)
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[18] Jose L. Falcao and Carlos F.Fonseca: Underbalanced Horizontal Drilling: A Field Study of Wellbore Stability in Brazil, SPE 64379
[19] Saponja J.: Engineering Considerations for Jointed Pipe Underbalanced Drilling, Underbalanced Drilling Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 2-4 October 1995
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[22] Hasan A R,kabir C S.1986.A Study of Multiphase Flow Behavior in Vertical Oil Wells: Part 1.SPE15138April 2-4
[23] Tim walker,et a1.1995.Underbalanced completions improve well safety and productivity. World Oil.November
[24] Uhite J P.An Experimental Analysis of Vertical Two-Phase Flow Using a Drilling Mud Natural Gas Medium,IADC/SPE11414
[25] 任骏,长庆气田腐蚀及防护.天然气工业.1998,18(5):61-66
[26] 李尚武,滇黔桂地区三叠系岩相古地理特征和油气勘探. 滇黔桂石油科技. 1994,7(增):1-32
[27] 丰云程, 杨根锁,确定表外储层有效孔隙度与原始含油饱和度的方法. 大庆石油地质与开发. 1995,14(3):16-19
[28] 杨振杰, 刘青山,后五家户浅层气田气层保护技术. 小型油气藏. 1996,1(4):39-41
[29] 袁建强, 王越之,JMR 聚醚润滑剂的研制与应用. 石油钻探技术. 2005,33(3):34-35
[30] 张增福, 陆平,小阳离子-聚合醇钻井液技术研究及应用. 钻井液与完井液. 2005,22(2):47-49,58
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