技术扩散与我国区域经济收敛性研究
|
摘要
经济增长收敛性问题是20世纪80年代以来经济增长理论研究最为热门的论题之一。这个论题的核心,在于考察不同经济体之间或一国内部不同地区之间经济增长速度的差异,寻找这种差异产生的原因。对于中国这样一个区域众多、经济差距明显且时有扩大的国家而言,这一论题显得尤为现实。改革开放以来,我国经济差距的缩小或扩大,其中比较重要的影响因素就是区域经济增长速度的差异。近年来很多学者研究了中国地区间经济差距问题,其中也不乏从收敛角度的研究,但是鲜有涉及基于技术扩散视角的研究。本文拟在已有研究的基础上,从新的角度来研究技术扩散与我国区域增长收敛性问题。在理论上,根据新古典经济增长理论和新增长理论两个学派关于经济增长收敛性的相关内容,研究技术扩散对我国区域经济增长差异的影响,扩宽了收敛性的研究范围。在方法运用方面,通过对技术扩散的不同处理,构建出了新的分析我国区域经济增长收敛性的模型。并在此基础上采用中国省际数据对其进行实证检验。
本文在对我国区域经济增长差异进行历史研究的基础上,提出了技术扩散与经济结构相关假说,并在此基础上通过将技术进步分解成(1)反映全国范围内技术进步和劳动效率因素(如总体制度变迁等)影响的常数项p;(2)地区特别技术进步因子(q_i);(3)技术扩散;(4)随机扰动项。利用空间计量经济学的方法,提出了一个基于技术扩散的区域经济收敛理论框架,并建立了一个扩展的收敛方程。我们的扩展收敛方程表明,如果技术扩散是产业内部扩散的,经济结构的不同应被看成一个附加的因素,收敛是条件的。由于将技术进步看作是产业内部转移的,只要经济结构不同,各个地区也将收敛于不同的稳态长期劳动生产率的增长率。
基于以上理论分析,本文从机制和产出两个方面进行了收敛性检验。实证检验揭示:1981～2005年,我国区域经济存在弱条件β-收敛和“俱乐部收敛”的证据,但通过对不同五年计划的考察发现各个时段的收敛速度波动较大。同时,通过实证的考察,技术扩散对经济增长收敛性有显著影响。但对于我国的不同时段和不同区域的影响显著性不同。证实我们的扩展收敛模型能够用于对我国区域经济收敛的分析考察。
最后,我们在Dowrick和Rogers分析框架的基础上,构建了一个新的能综合分析新古典收敛机制和新增长收敛机制的框架。实证结构表明,改革开放以来,特别是1981～2005年期间,在我国区域经济增长收敛性既有新古典收敛机制的作用,同时也有新增长收敛机制的作用。但是在不同时期,不同的收敛机制在发挥作用。1990年以前,资本积累对收敛的作用显著有效,新古典收敛机制存在,但1990年以后,新古典机制的作用并不明显。1986～1995及2001～2005年期间,技术扩散对收敛的影响显著有效,新增长收敛机制存在。但在其它时段,新增长收敛机制不存在。
Economic growth Convergence theory has become one of the most popular subjects in economic growth theories since the 1980s. The core of the subject is to study the difference of economic growth between different economies or different regions in a county and look for the the causes of these differences. For China, a large number of regions and the economic gap between different regions expanding significantly, the topic appear to be particularly realistic. The economic gap has become expand or narrow can be firstly attributed to the regional different rate of economic growth. Although there are a lot of research on China's regional economic disparities, quite a few research analyzed using convergence theory, there seldom involved in the technology-diffusion-based research perspective. On the basis of existed research, this paper studies technology diffusion and regional economic growth convergence in China from a new perspective. In the theoretical side, according to the convergence research in the Neo-Classical Theory of Economic Growth and New Growth Theory, this paper studies influence of technical diffusion on the diversity of regional economic growth in China, Which widenes the scope of the convergence study. In the method, this paper constructs a new model to study regional economic growth convergence and estimated by means of Panel Data procedures and data on the Chinese regions over the 1981-2005 periods.
Based on the historical studies of difference in Chinese regional economies growth, economic structure correlation hypothesis of technical diffusion is proposed. Technical progress is broken down into four parts: (1) constant term p is here let to reflect the effects of "country-wide" technical progress and of all the factors that influence the effectiveness of labour in all regions contemporaneously; (2) region-specific component of technical progress; (3) technical diffusion; (4) random shock. Using the "spatial econometric perspective" approach, this paper proposes a theoreticl framework and derives an "extended" convergence equation. The implication of our model is that, if technological diffusion is of an intra-sector type, economies' structural differences need to be taken account of as an additional factor on which convergence is conditional. In other words, anumber of economies, identical in all other respects, will still not be subject toβ-convergence, unless they are as structurally similar as to share the same technology.
Based on the theoretical analysis, this paper estimates the convergence from two aspects of the convergence mechanisms and outputs. Empirical studies indicate that China's regional economic growth exist weak conditional convergence and the "convergence club" evidence over the 1981-2005 periods, but the convergence rate in different Five-year Plan fluctuates. The technical diffusion has the remarkable influence to the economic growth convergence, but it is significantly difference in different region at different time. The results bring empirical support to our approach.
Finally, this paper constructes a new technical-diffusion-based framework to generalized analyses Neo-classic Growth Convergence Mechanism and the New Growth Convergence Mechanism based on the Dowrick and Rogers' framework. The results indicate that since reform and opening up, especially during the period from 1981 to 2005, there are effects both of Neo-classic Growth Convergence Mechanism and New Growth Convergence Mechanism mechanism. However, at different times, the convergence of different mechanisms plays a role. Before 1990, capital accumulation has significant effect, the Neo-classical Mechanism of convergence exists, but after 1990, the effect of the Neo-classical Mechanism is not obvious. From 1986 to 1995 and from 2001 to 2005, the technical diffusion has significant effect. However, in other periods, New Growth Mechanism of convergence does not exist.
本文在对我国区域经济增长差异进行历史研究的基础上,提出了技术扩散与经济结构相关假说,并在此基础上通过将技术进步分解成(1)反映全国范围内技术进步和劳动效率因素(如总体制度变迁等)影响的常数项p;(2)地区特别技术进步因子(q_i);(3)技术扩散;(4)随机扰动项。利用空间计量经济学的方法,提出了一个基于技术扩散的区域经济收敛理论框架,并建立了一个扩展的收敛方程。我们的扩展收敛方程表明,如果技术扩散是产业内部扩散的,经济结构的不同应被看成一个附加的因素,收敛是条件的。由于将技术进步看作是产业内部转移的,只要经济结构不同,各个地区也将收敛于不同的稳态长期劳动生产率的增长率。
基于以上理论分析,本文从机制和产出两个方面进行了收敛性检验。实证检验揭示:1981～2005年,我国区域经济存在弱条件β-收敛和“俱乐部收敛”的证据,但通过对不同五年计划的考察发现各个时段的收敛速度波动较大。同时,通过实证的考察,技术扩散对经济增长收敛性有显著影响。但对于我国的不同时段和不同区域的影响显著性不同。证实我们的扩展收敛模型能够用于对我国区域经济收敛的分析考察。
最后,我们在Dowrick和Rogers分析框架的基础上,构建了一个新的能综合分析新古典收敛机制和新增长收敛机制的框架。实证结构表明,改革开放以来,特别是1981～2005年期间,在我国区域经济增长收敛性既有新古典收敛机制的作用,同时也有新增长收敛机制的作用。但是在不同时期,不同的收敛机制在发挥作用。1990年以前,资本积累对收敛的作用显著有效,新古典收敛机制存在,但1990年以后,新古典机制的作用并不明显。1986～1995及2001～2005年期间,技术扩散对收敛的影响显著有效,新增长收敛机制存在。但在其它时段,新增长收敛机制不存在。
Economic growth Convergence theory has become one of the most popular subjects in economic growth theories since the 1980s. The core of the subject is to study the difference of economic growth between different economies or different regions in a county and look for the the causes of these differences. For China, a large number of regions and the economic gap between different regions expanding significantly, the topic appear to be particularly realistic. The economic gap has become expand or narrow can be firstly attributed to the regional different rate of economic growth. Although there are a lot of research on China's regional economic disparities, quite a few research analyzed using convergence theory, there seldom involved in the technology-diffusion-based research perspective. On the basis of existed research, this paper studies technology diffusion and regional economic growth convergence in China from a new perspective. In the theoretical side, according to the convergence research in the Neo-Classical Theory of Economic Growth and New Growth Theory, this paper studies influence of technical diffusion on the diversity of regional economic growth in China, Which widenes the scope of the convergence study. In the method, this paper constructs a new model to study regional economic growth convergence and estimated by means of Panel Data procedures and data on the Chinese regions over the 1981-2005 periods.
Based on the historical studies of difference in Chinese regional economies growth, economic structure correlation hypothesis of technical diffusion is proposed. Technical progress is broken down into four parts: (1) constant term p is here let to reflect the effects of "country-wide" technical progress and of all the factors that influence the effectiveness of labour in all regions contemporaneously; (2) region-specific component of technical progress; (3) technical diffusion; (4) random shock. Using the "spatial econometric perspective" approach, this paper proposes a theoreticl framework and derives an "extended" convergence equation. The implication of our model is that, if technological diffusion is of an intra-sector type, economies' structural differences need to be taken account of as an additional factor on which convergence is conditional. In other words, anumber of economies, identical in all other respects, will still not be subject toβ-convergence, unless they are as structurally similar as to share the same technology.
Based on the theoretical analysis, this paper estimates the convergence from two aspects of the convergence mechanisms and outputs. Empirical studies indicate that China's regional economic growth exist weak conditional convergence and the "convergence club" evidence over the 1981-2005 periods, but the convergence rate in different Five-year Plan fluctuates. The technical diffusion has the remarkable influence to the economic growth convergence, but it is significantly difference in different region at different time. The results bring empirical support to our approach.
Finally, this paper constructes a new technical-diffusion-based framework to generalized analyses Neo-classic Growth Convergence Mechanism and the New Growth Convergence Mechanism based on the Dowrick and Rogers' framework. The results indicate that since reform and opening up, especially during the period from 1981 to 2005, there are effects both of Neo-classic Growth Convergence Mechanism and New Growth Convergence Mechanism mechanism. However, at different times, the convergence of different mechanisms plays a role. Before 1990, capital accumulation has significant effect, the Neo-classical Mechanism of convergence exists, but after 1990, the effect of the Neo-classical Mechanism is not obvious. From 1986 to 1995 and from 2001 to 2005, the technical diffusion has significant effect. However, in other periods, New Growth Mechanism of convergence does not exist.
引文
1 区域本身是一个内涵十分丰富的概念,关于区域的构成、类型和中国经济区域形成与演变的研究可见李克(2000)。本文所研究的是省级行政区域以及分地带的经济增长。
2 胡鞍钢,《中国战略构想》,浙江人民出版社,2002:2
3 Solow,Robert M,《A contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth》,Quarterly Journal of Economics,1956,70(February):65-74.
4 Krugman.Paul,《A 'technology gap' model of international trade.Structural Adjustment In Developed Open Economics》,London,Published by Macmilano,1986
5 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Economic Growth and Convergence Across the United States》,NBER Working Paper,1990,No.3419
6 Baumol W.J,《Productivity Growth,Convergence and Welfare:What the Long-Run Data Show》,American Economic Review,1986,Vol.76(5):1072-1085;Baumol William J,Wolff Edward N,《Productivity Growth,Convergence,and Welfare:Reply》,The American Economic Review,1988,Vol.78(5):1155-1159
7 Delong B,《Productivity Growth,Convergence and Welfare:Comment》,American Economic Review,1988,Vol.78:1138-1154
8 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.《Economic Growth》,McGraw Hill,New York,1995
9 查尔斯.I.琼斯(1997)著《经济增长导论》,舒元等译校,北京大学出版社,2002年。
10 Batro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Capital Mobility in Neo-Classical Models of Growth》,American Economic Review,1995,Vol.85(1):103-115
11 Galor,Oded,《Convergence? Inferences from Theoretical Models》,The Economic Journal,1996,106:1056-1069
12 Ben-David,Dan,《Convergence Clubs and Subsistence Economies》,Journal of Developmental Economics,1997,Vol.55(February):153-169
13 Deardorff,Alan V,《Rich and Poor Countries in Neoclassical Trade and Growth》,The Economic Journal,2001,111:277-294
14 朱勇,《新增长理论》,商务印书馆,1999
15 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Capital Mobility in Neo-Classical Models of Growth》,American Economic Review,1995,Vol.85(1):103-115
16 Jones,L.and R.Manuelli,《A Convex Model of Equilibrium Growth:Theory and Policy Implications)),Journal of Political Economy,1990,Vol.98(5):1008-1038
17 Bernard A,Jones,C,《Technology and Convergence》,Economic Journal,1996,Vol.06(437):1037-1044
18 Nelson R,Phelps E,《Investment in Humans,Technological Diffusion,and Economic Growth》,American Economic Review,1966,61:69-75
19 Benhabib J,Spiegel M,《The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development:Evidence From Aggregate Cross-Country Data》,Journal of Monetary Economics,1994,34:146-173
20 Bernard A,Jones,C,《Technology and Convergence》,Economic Journal,1996,Vol.06(437):1037-1044
21 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Economic Growth》,McGraw Hill,New York,1995a
22 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Technological Diffusion,Convergence and Growth》,Journal of Economic Growth,1997,Vol.2:1-26
23 Baumol William J,Wolff Edward N,《Productivity Growth,Convergence,and Welfare:Reply》,The American Economic Review,1988,Vol.78(5):1155-1159
24 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Economic Growth and Convergence Across the United States》,NBER Working Paper,1990,No.3419
25 Markiw G,Romer D.and Weil,D,《A Contribution to the EmPides of Economic Growth》,Quarterly Journal of Economics,1992,CVⅡ,2:407-437
26 Sachs Jeffrey D.and Warner Andrew M,《Economic Convergence and Economic Policies》,NBER Working Paper,1995,No.5039
27 Sala-i-Martin Xavier,《15 Years of Growth Economics:What Have we Learnt?》,Discussing Paper#0102-47,Department of Economics,Columbia University,2002
28 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Regional Growth and Migration:A Japan-United States Comparison》,Journal of the Japanese and International Economics,1992b,6:312-346
29 Young,Andrew T.,Higgins Matthew J.and Daniel Levy,《Sigma Convergence Versus Beta Convergence:Evidence from U.S.County-Level Data》,Dep.of Economics,Bar-Ilan University,Working Paper,2003,6-03
30 张焕明,《我国经济增长的地区趋同性及其路径分析—基于扩展的积累增长模型实证研究》,财经科学,2005,6:16-27;张焕明,《我国经济增长地区性趋同路径的实证分析》,财经研究,2007,1:76-87
31 Chen,Fleisher,《Regional Income Inequality and Economic:Growth》,Journal of Comparative Economics,1996,22:141-164
32 林毅夫、董先安等,《技术选择、技术扩散与经济收敛》,财经问题研究,2004,6:3-10
33 徐现祥、李郇,《中国城市经济增长的趋同分析》,经济研究,2004,5:40-48
34 夏万军,纪宏,《技术扩散和区域经济收敛—一个理论模型的新框架》,商业经济与管理,2007,6:28-31
35 王志刚,《质疑中国经济增长的条件收敛性》,管理世界,2004,3:25-30
36 曾德聪,仲长荣,《技术转移学》,福建科学技术出版社,1997:2-8
37 李平,《技术扩散理论及实证分析》,山两经济出版社,1997:3-15
38 Robinson R.D,《Toward Creating an International Technology Transfer Paradigm》,The International Communication of Technology-A Book of Readings,Taylor & Francis,1990:85-88
39 Brooke M.Z,《Selling Management Services Contracts in International Business》,London:Holt,Rinehart and Winston,Cited in Robinson,1988
40 Glinow,M.A.V.and Mary B.Teagarden,《The Transfer of Human Resource Management Technology in Sino-US Cooperative Ventures:Problems and Solution》,Human Resource Management,27(2):201-229
41 Kodama F,《Japanese Studies on Technology Transfer to Developing Countries:A Survey》,Developing Economics,24,December,333-354
49 Cass,David.Optimum Growth in an Aggregative Model of Capital Accumulation.Review of Economic Studies,1965,32:233-240
50 熊彼特(1934)、索罗(1970)。
51 罗默(1990)、格罗斯曼和海尔普曼(Grossman & Helpman,1991a,1991b)。阿吉翁和霍维特(Aghion &Howitt,1992)
52 Jones,L.and R.Manuelli,《A Convex Model of Equilibrium Growth:Theory and Policy Implications》,Journal of Political Economy,1990,Vol.98(5):1008-1038
53 Arrow,Kenneth J,《The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing》,Review of Economic Studies,1962:78-89
54 指琼斯和曼纽尔利(Jones & Manuelli,1990)、金和里贝罗(King & Rebelo,1990)、里贝罗(Rebelo,1991)等人。
55 参见阿罗(Arrow,1962)和卢卡斯(Lucas,1988)等人。
56 Schumpeter J,《The Theory of Economic Development》,Oxford University Press,1934
57 Haacker Markus,《Imperfect Knowledge Spillovers and Endogenous Growth》,Paper of the conference on Dynamics,Economic Growth and International Trade,1999
66 林毅夫,刘明兴,《中国的经济增长收敛与收入分配》,世界经济,2003,8:3-14
67 张曙光,《关于地区经济差异变动的另一种解释》,经济研究,1993,9:19-26
74 Islam,N,《What Have We Learnt from the Convergence Debate》,Journal of Economic Surveys,2003,17:309-362
79 蔡昉,都阳,《中国地区经济增长的趋同与差异对西部开发战略的启示》,经济研究,2000(10):30-37,80
80 沈坤荣,马俊,《中国经济增长的“俱乐部收敛特征”及其成因研究》,经济研究,2002,1:33-41
83 刘强,《中国经济增长的收敛性分析》,经济研究,2001,6:70-77
84 世界银行报告把我国定为积极的技术接纳国(世界银行,2001)。
85 李郇,《中国城市中的经济增长》,中山大学博士论文,2003
[1]Abramovitz M.The Origins of the Post-War Catch-Up and Convergence Boom.in J.Fagerberg,B.Verspagen and N.von Tunzelmann(eds),The Dynamics of Technology,Trade and Growth,Aldershot,Edward Elgar,1993:21-52
[2]Abramovitz M.Catch-Up and Convergence in the Post-war Boom and After.In W.J.Baumol,R.R.Nelson and E.N.Wolff(eds.),Convergence of Productivity:Cross-Country Studies and Historical Evidence,Oxford University Press,1994,86-125
[3]Abuaf N.and P.Jorion.Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run.The Journal of Finance,1990,45:157-174
[4]Andrew Young,Matthew Higgins,Daniel Levy.Sigma Convergence versus Beta Convergence:Evidence from U.S.County-Level Data.MPRA Paper No.2714,posted 12.April 2007,http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2714/
[5]Aghion P.and P.Howitt.A Model of.Growth through Creative Destruction.Econometrica,1992,LX323-351
[6]Aghion P.and P.Howitt.Endogenous Growth Theory.MIT Press,1998
[7]Aghion P.and P.Howitt.Knowledge and Development:A Schumpeterian Approach.World Bank,2000
[8]Arrow,Kenneth J.The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing.Review of Economic Studies,1962:78-89
[9]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Economic Growth and Convergence Across the United States.NBER Working Paper,1990,No.3419
[10]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Convergence.Journal of Political Economy,1992,Vol.100,2:223--251
[11]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Regional Growth and Migration:A Japan-United States Comparison.Journal of the Japanese and International Economics,1992,6:312-346
[12]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Economic Growth.McGraw Hill,New York,1995
[13] Barro R, Sala-i-Martin X. Capital Mobility in Neo-Classical Models of Growth. American Economic Review, 1995, Vol.85(1): 103-115
[14] Barro R, Sala-i-Martin X. Technological Diffusion, Convergence and Growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 1997, Vol.2: 1-26
[15] Baumol W.J. Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: What the Long-Run Data Show. American Economic Review, 1986, Vol.76(5): 1072-1085
[16] Baumol William J, Wolff Edward N. Productivity Growth, Convergence, and Welfare: Reply. The American Economic Review, 1988, Vol.78(5): 1155-1159
[17] Bernard A, S. N. Durlauf. Convergence of International Output Movements. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, 1991, No.3717
[18] Bernard A, S. N. Durlauf. Convergence of International Output Movements. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 1995, Vol.10(2): 97-108
[19] Bernard A, Jones, C. Technology and Convergence. Economic Journal, 1996, Vol.06(437): 1037-1044
[20] Bernard A, S. N. Durlauf. Interpreting Tests of the Convergence Hypothesis. Journal of Econometrics, 1996, 71: 161-173
[21] Bernard A, Jones, C. Comparing Apples to Oranges: Productivity Convergence and Measurement Across Industries and Countries. American Economic Review, 1996, 54: 1216-1238
[22] Ben-David, Dan. Convergence Clubs and Subsistence Economies. Journal of Developmental Economics, 1997, Vol.55 (February): 153-169
[23] Benhabib J, Spiegel M. The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development: Evidence From Aggregate Cross-Country Data. Journal of Monetary Economics, 1994, 34: 146-173
[24] Brooke M. Z. Selling Management Services Contracts in International Business. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Cited in Robinson, 1988
[25] Cass, David. Optimum Growth in an Aggregative Model of Capital Accumulation. Review of Economic Studies, 1965, 32: 233-240
[26] Chen, Fleisher. Regional Income Inequality and Economic Growth. Journal of Comparative Economics, 1996, 22: 141-164
[27] Deardorff, Alan V. Rich and Poor Countries in Neoclassical Trade and Growth. The Economic Journal, 2001, 111: 277-294
[28] Delong B. Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: Comrnent. American Economic Review, 1988, Vol.78: 1138-1154
[29] Demurger Sylvie, Jeerey D. Sachs. Wing Thye Woo, Shurning Bao, Gene Chang and Andrew Mellinge. Geography, Economic Policy and Regional Development in China. CID Working Paper, 2001, N0.7
[30] Dixit Avinash K, JosephE Stightz. Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity. American Economic Review, 1977, Vol.67(3): 297-308
[31] Dowrick S. and M. Rogers. Classical and Technological Convergence: Beyond the Solow-Swan Growth Model. Oxford Economic Papers, 2002, 54: 369-385
[32] Eckhardt Bode, Sergio J. Rey. The spatial dimension of economic growth and convergence. Regional Science, 2006, Vol. 85(2): 171-176
[33] Fagerberg, J. Technological Progress, Structural Change and Productivity Growth: a Comparative Study. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2000, 11: 193-411
[34] Fingleton B. Theoretical Economic Geography and Spatial Econometrics: Dynamic Perspectives. Journal of Economic Geography, 2001, 1: 201-225
[35] Fingleton B. and McCombie J. S. L. Increasing Returns and Economic Growth: Some Evidence for Manufacturing from the European Union Regions. Oxford Economic Papers, 1998, 50: 89-105,
[36] Galor, Oded. Convergence? Inferences from Theoretical Models. The Economic Journal, 1996, 106: 1056-1069
[37] Glinow, M.A.V. and Mary B. Teagarden. The Transfer of Human Resource Management Technology in Sino-US Cooperative Ventures: Problems and Solution. Human Resource Management, 27(2): 201-229
[38] Griliches Zvi. The Search for R&D Spillovers. NBER Working Paper, 1991, No.3768
[39] Grossman Gene M. and Elhanan Helpman. Trade, Knowledgy Spillovers and Growth. European Economic Review, 1991, 35: 517-526
[40] Grossman Gene M. and Elhanan Helpman. Endogenous Innovation in the Theory of Growth. Journal of Economic Perspective, 1994, Vol8, No.1, Winter: 517-526
[41] Haacker Markus. Imperfect Knowledge Spillovers and Endogenous Growth. Paper of the conference on Dynamics, Economic Growth and International Trade, 1999
[42] Haizheng Li, Zhenhui Xu. Economic Convergence in Seven Asian Economies. Review of Development Economics, 2007
[43] Im K.S., J. Lee and M. Tieslau. Panel LM unit root tests with level shifts 2002. http://www.bus.ucf.edu/wp/content/archives/panellmrevised6dec272002.pdf
[44] Im K.S., M.H. Pesaran and Y. Shin. Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 2002, Vol.115: 53-74
[45] Islam, N. Growth Empirics: a Panel Data Approach. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1995, 110: 1127-1170
[46] Islam, N. Growth Empirics: A Panel Data Approach - A Reply. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1998, 113: 325-329
[47] Islam, N. What Have We Learnt from the Convergence Debate. Journal of Economic Surveys, 2003, 17: 309-362
[48] Jones, L. and R. Manuelli. A Convex Model of Equilibrium Growth: Theory and Policy Implications. Journal of Political Economy, 1990, Vol.98(5): 1008-1038
[49] Kodama F. Japanese Studies on Technology Transfer to Developing Countries: A Survey. Developing Economics, 24, December, 333-354
[50] King R. G. and S. Rebelo. Public Policy Economic Growth: Developing Neoclassical Implications. Journal of Political Economy, 1990, Vol.98: 126-150
[51] Krugman. Paul. A 'technology gap' model of international trade. Structural Adjustment In Developed Open Economies, London, Published by Macmilano, 1986
[52] Levin A. and C.F. Lin. Unit Root Tests in Panel Data, Asymptotic and Finite-sample Properties . UC San Diego Working Paper , 1992 , 92-23 , http://www.econ.ucsd.edu/papers/files/ucsd9223.pdf
[53] Lucas R. Why dose not Capital Flow From Rich to poor Countries. American Economic Review, 1988, 3: 1323-1349
[54] Lucas, Robert E. On the Mechanics of Economic Development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 1988, Vol.22: 3-42
[55] Markiw G, Romer D. and Weil, D. A Contribution to the EmPiries of Economic Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1992, CVII, 2: 407-437
[56] Matteo Lanzafame. Economic structure, technology diffusion and convergence: The case of the Italian regions. ERSA conference papers, European Regional Science Association, revised, 2005, 05p323
[57] Maurseth P. Convergence, Geography and Technology. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2001, 12: 247-276
[58] Quah, D. International patterns of growth: II. persistence in cross-country disparities. MIT working paper, 1990
[59] Quah D. Exploiting Cross Section Variation for Unit Root Inference in Dynamic Data. Economics Letters , 1994, 44: 9-19
[60] Nelson R, Phelps E. Investment in Humans, Technological Diffusion, and Economic Growth. American Eeonomic Review, 1966, 61: 69-75
[61] Rebelo S. Long-Run Policy Analysis and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 1999, 3: 543-559
[62] Rey, S. and Montuory, B. US Regional Income Convergence: A Spatial Econometric Perspective. Regional Studies, 1999, 33: 143-156
[63] Robinson R. D. Toward Creating an International Technology Transfer Paradigm. The International Communication of Technology-A Book of Readings, Taylor & Francis, 1990: 85-88
[64] Romer Paul M. Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 1986, Vol.94: 1002-1037
[65] Romer Paul M. Growth Based on increasing Returns Due to Specialization. American Economic Review, 1987, Vol.77(2): 56-62
[66] Romer Paul M. Endogenous Technology Change. Journal of Political Economics,1990,Vol.98(5):71-102
[67]Sachs Jeffrey D.and Warner Andrew M.Economic Convergence and Economic Policies.NBER Working Paper,1995,No.5039
[68]Sala-i-Martin Xavier.15 Years of Growth Economics:What Have we Learnt?.Discussing Paper#0102-47,Department of Economics,Columbia University,2002
[69]Sala-i-Martin Xavier.The World Distribution of Income.NBER Working Paper,2002,No.8933
[70]Salter,W.E.G.Productivity and Technical Change.Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,1960
[71]Schumpeter J.The Theory of Economic Development.Oxford University Press,1934
[72]Solow,Robert M.A contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth.Quarterly Journal of Economics,1956,70(February):65-74
[73]Solow,Robert M.Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function.Review of Economics and Statistics,1957,vol.39:312-410
[74]Taylor,Codrina Rada.Can the Poor Countries Catch Up? Mixed Results From Extended Sources of Growth Projections for The Early 21ST Century.Metroeconomica,2007,58(1):127-154
[75]Uzawa H.Optimal Technical Change in an Aggregative Model of Economic Growth.European Economic Review,1965,38:641-680
[76]Young,Andrew T.,Higgins Matthew J.and Daniel Levy.Sigma Convergence Versus Beta Convergence:Evidence from U.S.County-Level Data.Dep.of Economics,Bar-Ilan University,Working Paper,2003,6-03
[77]阿瑟 刘易斯.经济增长理论.上海三联书店,1993
[78]白伸林.面板单位根检验理论及其应用研究.南开大学博士论文,2005
[79]蔡昉,都阳.中国地区经济增长的趋同与差异—对西部开发战略的启示.经济研究,2000,10:30-37,80
[80]查尔斯.I.琼斯.经济增长导论.舒元等译校,北京大学出版社,2002。
[81]程建 连玉君.中国区域经济增长收敛的协整分析.经济科学,2005,5:16-24
[82]戴维 罗默.高级宏观经济学.苏剑、罗涛译,商务印书馆,2001
[83]邓翔.增长理论中趋同假说的理论与现实考察.经济学动态,2001,6:
[84]邓翔.经济趋同理论与中国地区经济差距的实证研究.西南财经大学出版社,2003
[85]高铁梅.计量经济分析方法与建模.清华大学出版社,2006
[86]胡鞍钢.中国战略构想.浙江人民出版社,2002
[87]李吉平.长江三角洲区域经济的差异与趋同研究—对宁波、嘉兴、苏州、南通四市区域实践的比较分析.中国人民大学博士论文,2004
[88]李克.适度差距与系统优化:中国现代化进程中的区域经济.中国社会科学出版社,2000
[89]李鹏.技术创新与技术扩散的微观经济分析.中国社会科学院博士论文,2002
[90]李平.技术扩散理论及实证分析.山西经济出版社,1997:3-15
[91]李郇.中国城市中的经济增长.中山大学博士论文,2003
[92]林毅夫.发展战略、自生能力和经济收敛.经济学(季刊),2002,1(2):269-300
[93]林毅夫,蔡昉,李周.中国经济转型时期的地区差距分析.经济研究,1998,6:3-10
[94]林毅夫、刘培林.中国的经济发展战略与地区收入差距.经济研究,2003,7:19-25
[95]林毅夫,刘明兴.中国的经济增长收敛与收入分配.世界经济,2003,8:3-14
[96]林毅夫、董先安等.技术选择、技术扩散与经济收敛.财经问题研究,2004,6:3-10
[97]刘木平,舒元.我国地区经济的收敛与增长决定力量:1978-1997.中山大学学报(社会科学版)2000,5:11-16
[98]刘强.中国经济增长的收敛性分析.经济研究,2001,6:70-77
[99]刘夏明,魏英琪,李国平.收敛还是发散?—中国区域经济发展争论的文献综述.经济研究,2004,7:70-81
[100]罗仁福,李小建和覃成林.中国省际经济趋同的定量分析.地理科学进展,2002,1:73-80
[101]齐孝福.FDI与经济增长中的技术进步—以山东省为例的实证研究.山东大学博士论文,2006
[102]R.J.巴罗,X.萨拉伊马丁.经济增长.何晖、刘明兴译,中国社会科学出版社,2000
[103]申海.中国区域经济差距的收敛性分析.数量经济技术经济研究,1999,8:55-57
[104]潘士远,林毅夫.发展战略、知识吸收能力与经济收敛.数量经济技术经济研究,2006,2:3-131
[105]沈坤荣,马俊.中国经济增长的“俱乐部收敛特征”及其成因研究.经济研究,2002,1:33-41
[106]沈坤荣.体制转型期的中国经济增长.南京大学出版社,1999
[107]沈能.区域经济增长的动态趋同性—基于“长三角”地区的实证分析.财经科学,2005,5:112-119
[108]王梦奎.西部开发和中国的现代化.载王梦奎、李善同等著:中国地区社会经济发展不平衡问题研究,商务印书馆,2000年。
[109]王小鲁,樊纲.中国地区差距的变动趋势和影响因素.经济研究,2004,1:33-44
[110]王志刚.质疑中国经济增长的条件收敛性.管理世界,2004,3:25-30
[111]魏后凯.中国地区经济增长及其收敛性.中国工业经济,1997,3:31-37
[112]吴易凤等.西方经济学.中国人民大学出版社,1998,677
[113]夏万军,纪宏.技术扩散和区域经济收敛—一个理论模型的新框架.商业经济与管理,2007,6:28-31
[114]夏万军,纪宏.我国区域人力资本分布与经济增长:基于面板数据的实证分析.统计教育,2007,5:43-45
[115]熊彼特.经济发展理论.中译本.商务印书馆,1990:85-110
[116]徐现祥,舒元.物质资本、人力资本与中国地区双峰趋同.世界经济,2005,1:47-57
[117]徐现祥、李郇.中国城市经济增长的趋同分析.经济研究,2004,5:40-48
[118]杨小凯著.经济学原理.中国社会科学出版社,1997年。
[119]易丹辉.数据分析与Evlwes应用.中国统计出版社,2001
[120]曾德聪,仲长荣.技术转移学.福建科学技术出版社,1997:2-8
[121]张海洋.外资技术扩散与中国经济增长.华中科技大学博士论文,2004
[122]张焕明.我国经济增长的地区趋同性及其路径分析—基于扩展的积累增长模型实证研究.财经科学,2005,6:16-27
[123]张焕明.我国经济增长地区性趋同路径的实证分析.财经研究,2007,1:76-87
[124]张焕明.我国经济增长的地区性趋同理论及实证分析.合肥工业大学出版社,2007,53-55
[125]张曙光,《关于地区经济差异变动的另一种解释》,经济研究,1993,9:19-26
[126]朱发仓,苏为华.区域经济收敛与比较优势发展战略—基于行业的动态Panel模型分析.管理世界,2006,9:46-70
[127]朱勇.新增长理论.商务印书馆,1999
[128]周卫峰.中国区域经济增长收敛性研究,中国社会科学院博士论文,2005
[129]左大培.经济增长理论模型的内生化历程.中国经济出版社,2007
[130]左大培.内生稳态增长模型的生产结构.中国社会科学出版社,2005
2 胡鞍钢,《中国战略构想》,浙江人民出版社,2002:2
3 Solow,Robert M,《A contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth》,Quarterly Journal of Economics,1956,70(February):65-74.
4 Krugman.Paul,《A 'technology gap' model of international trade.Structural Adjustment In Developed Open Economics》,London,Published by Macmilano,1986
5 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Economic Growth and Convergence Across the United States》,NBER Working Paper,1990,No.3419
6 Baumol W.J,《Productivity Growth,Convergence and Welfare:What the Long-Run Data Show》,American Economic Review,1986,Vol.76(5):1072-1085;Baumol William J,Wolff Edward N,《Productivity Growth,Convergence,and Welfare:Reply》,The American Economic Review,1988,Vol.78(5):1155-1159
7 Delong B,《Productivity Growth,Convergence and Welfare:Comment》,American Economic Review,1988,Vol.78:1138-1154
8 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.《Economic Growth》,McGraw Hill,New York,1995
9 查尔斯.I.琼斯(1997)著《经济增长导论》,舒元等译校,北京大学出版社,2002年。
10 Batro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Capital Mobility in Neo-Classical Models of Growth》,American Economic Review,1995,Vol.85(1):103-115
11 Galor,Oded,《Convergence? Inferences from Theoretical Models》,The Economic Journal,1996,106:1056-1069
12 Ben-David,Dan,《Convergence Clubs and Subsistence Economies》,Journal of Developmental Economics,1997,Vol.55(February):153-169
13 Deardorff,Alan V,《Rich and Poor Countries in Neoclassical Trade and Growth》,The Economic Journal,2001,111:277-294
14 朱勇,《新增长理论》,商务印书馆,1999
15 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Capital Mobility in Neo-Classical Models of Growth》,American Economic Review,1995,Vol.85(1):103-115
16 Jones,L.and R.Manuelli,《A Convex Model of Equilibrium Growth:Theory and Policy Implications)),Journal of Political Economy,1990,Vol.98(5):1008-1038
17 Bernard A,Jones,C,《Technology and Convergence》,Economic Journal,1996,Vol.06(437):1037-1044
18 Nelson R,Phelps E,《Investment in Humans,Technological Diffusion,and Economic Growth》,American Economic Review,1966,61:69-75
19 Benhabib J,Spiegel M,《The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development:Evidence From Aggregate Cross-Country Data》,Journal of Monetary Economics,1994,34:146-173
20 Bernard A,Jones,C,《Technology and Convergence》,Economic Journal,1996,Vol.06(437):1037-1044
21 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Economic Growth》,McGraw Hill,New York,1995a
22 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Technological Diffusion,Convergence and Growth》,Journal of Economic Growth,1997,Vol.2:1-26
23 Baumol William J,Wolff Edward N,《Productivity Growth,Convergence,and Welfare:Reply》,The American Economic Review,1988,Vol.78(5):1155-1159
24 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Economic Growth and Convergence Across the United States》,NBER Working Paper,1990,No.3419
25 Markiw G,Romer D.and Weil,D,《A Contribution to the EmPides of Economic Growth》,Quarterly Journal of Economics,1992,CVⅡ,2:407-437
26 Sachs Jeffrey D.and Warner Andrew M,《Economic Convergence and Economic Policies》,NBER Working Paper,1995,No.5039
27 Sala-i-Martin Xavier,《15 Years of Growth Economics:What Have we Learnt?》,Discussing Paper#0102-47,Department of Economics,Columbia University,2002
28 Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X,《Regional Growth and Migration:A Japan-United States Comparison》,Journal of the Japanese and International Economics,1992b,6:312-346
29 Young,Andrew T.,Higgins Matthew J.and Daniel Levy,《Sigma Convergence Versus Beta Convergence:Evidence from U.S.County-Level Data》,Dep.of Economics,Bar-Ilan University,Working Paper,2003,6-03
30 张焕明,《我国经济增长的地区趋同性及其路径分析—基于扩展的积累增长模型实证研究》,财经科学,2005,6:16-27;张焕明,《我国经济增长地区性趋同路径的实证分析》,财经研究,2007,1:76-87
31 Chen,Fleisher,《Regional Income Inequality and Economic:Growth》,Journal of Comparative Economics,1996,22:141-164
32 林毅夫、董先安等,《技术选择、技术扩散与经济收敛》,财经问题研究,2004,6:3-10
33 徐现祥、李郇,《中国城市经济增长的趋同分析》,经济研究,2004,5:40-48
34 夏万军,纪宏,《技术扩散和区域经济收敛—一个理论模型的新框架》,商业经济与管理,2007,6:28-31
35 王志刚,《质疑中国经济增长的条件收敛性》,管理世界,2004,3:25-30
36 曾德聪,仲长荣,《技术转移学》,福建科学技术出版社,1997:2-8
37 李平,《技术扩散理论及实证分析》,山两经济出版社,1997:3-15
38 Robinson R.D,《Toward Creating an International Technology Transfer Paradigm》,The International Communication of Technology-A Book of Readings,Taylor & Francis,1990:85-88
39 Brooke M.Z,《Selling Management Services Contracts in International Business》,London:Holt,Rinehart and Winston,Cited in Robinson,1988
40 Glinow,M.A.V.and Mary B.Teagarden,《The Transfer of Human Resource Management Technology in Sino-US Cooperative Ventures:Problems and Solution》,Human Resource Management,27(2):201-229
41 Kodama F,《Japanese Studies on Technology Transfer to Developing Countries:A Survey》,Developing Economics,24,December,333-354
49 Cass,David.Optimum Growth in an Aggregative Model of Capital Accumulation.Review of Economic Studies,1965,32:233-240
50 熊彼特(1934)、索罗(1970)。
51 罗默(1990)、格罗斯曼和海尔普曼(Grossman & Helpman,1991a,1991b)。阿吉翁和霍维特(Aghion &Howitt,1992)
52 Jones,L.and R.Manuelli,《A Convex Model of Equilibrium Growth:Theory and Policy Implications》,Journal of Political Economy,1990,Vol.98(5):1008-1038
53 Arrow,Kenneth J,《The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing》,Review of Economic Studies,1962:78-89
54 指琼斯和曼纽尔利(Jones & Manuelli,1990)、金和里贝罗(King & Rebelo,1990)、里贝罗(Rebelo,1991)等人。
55 参见阿罗(Arrow,1962)和卢卡斯(Lucas,1988)等人。
56 Schumpeter J,《The Theory of Economic Development》,Oxford University Press,1934
57 Haacker Markus,《Imperfect Knowledge Spillovers and Endogenous Growth》,Paper of the conference on Dynamics,Economic Growth and International Trade,1999
66 林毅夫,刘明兴,《中国的经济增长收敛与收入分配》,世界经济,2003,8:3-14
67 张曙光,《关于地区经济差异变动的另一种解释》,经济研究,1993,9:19-26
74 Islam,N,《What Have We Learnt from the Convergence Debate》,Journal of Economic Surveys,2003,17:309-362
79 蔡昉,都阳,《中国地区经济增长的趋同与差异对西部开发战略的启示》,经济研究,2000(10):30-37,80
80 沈坤荣,马俊,《中国经济增长的“俱乐部收敛特征”及其成因研究》,经济研究,2002,1:33-41
83 刘强,《中国经济增长的收敛性分析》,经济研究,2001,6:70-77
84 世界银行报告把我国定为积极的技术接纳国(世界银行,2001)。
85 李郇,《中国城市中的经济增长》,中山大学博士论文,2003
[1]Abramovitz M.The Origins of the Post-War Catch-Up and Convergence Boom.in J.Fagerberg,B.Verspagen and N.von Tunzelmann(eds),The Dynamics of Technology,Trade and Growth,Aldershot,Edward Elgar,1993:21-52
[2]Abramovitz M.Catch-Up and Convergence in the Post-war Boom and After.In W.J.Baumol,R.R.Nelson and E.N.Wolff(eds.),Convergence of Productivity:Cross-Country Studies and Historical Evidence,Oxford University Press,1994,86-125
[3]Abuaf N.and P.Jorion.Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run.The Journal of Finance,1990,45:157-174
[4]Andrew Young,Matthew Higgins,Daniel Levy.Sigma Convergence versus Beta Convergence:Evidence from U.S.County-Level Data.MPRA Paper No.2714,posted 12.April 2007,http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2714/
[5]Aghion P.and P.Howitt.A Model of.Growth through Creative Destruction.Econometrica,1992,LX323-351
[6]Aghion P.and P.Howitt.Endogenous Growth Theory.MIT Press,1998
[7]Aghion P.and P.Howitt.Knowledge and Development:A Schumpeterian Approach.World Bank,2000
[8]Arrow,Kenneth J.The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing.Review of Economic Studies,1962:78-89
[9]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Economic Growth and Convergence Across the United States.NBER Working Paper,1990,No.3419
[10]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Convergence.Journal of Political Economy,1992,Vol.100,2:223--251
[11]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Regional Growth and Migration:A Japan-United States Comparison.Journal of the Japanese and International Economics,1992,6:312-346
[12]Barro R,Sala-i-Martin X.Economic Growth.McGraw Hill,New York,1995
[13] Barro R, Sala-i-Martin X. Capital Mobility in Neo-Classical Models of Growth. American Economic Review, 1995, Vol.85(1): 103-115
[14] Barro R, Sala-i-Martin X. Technological Diffusion, Convergence and Growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 1997, Vol.2: 1-26
[15] Baumol W.J. Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: What the Long-Run Data Show. American Economic Review, 1986, Vol.76(5): 1072-1085
[16] Baumol William J, Wolff Edward N. Productivity Growth, Convergence, and Welfare: Reply. The American Economic Review, 1988, Vol.78(5): 1155-1159
[17] Bernard A, S. N. Durlauf. Convergence of International Output Movements. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, 1991, No.3717
[18] Bernard A, S. N. Durlauf. Convergence of International Output Movements. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 1995, Vol.10(2): 97-108
[19] Bernard A, Jones, C. Technology and Convergence. Economic Journal, 1996, Vol.06(437): 1037-1044
[20] Bernard A, S. N. Durlauf. Interpreting Tests of the Convergence Hypothesis. Journal of Econometrics, 1996, 71: 161-173
[21] Bernard A, Jones, C. Comparing Apples to Oranges: Productivity Convergence and Measurement Across Industries and Countries. American Economic Review, 1996, 54: 1216-1238
[22] Ben-David, Dan. Convergence Clubs and Subsistence Economies. Journal of Developmental Economics, 1997, Vol.55 (February): 153-169
[23] Benhabib J, Spiegel M. The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development: Evidence From Aggregate Cross-Country Data. Journal of Monetary Economics, 1994, 34: 146-173
[24] Brooke M. Z. Selling Management Services Contracts in International Business. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Cited in Robinson, 1988
[25] Cass, David. Optimum Growth in an Aggregative Model of Capital Accumulation. Review of Economic Studies, 1965, 32: 233-240
[26] Chen, Fleisher. Regional Income Inequality and Economic Growth. Journal of Comparative Economics, 1996, 22: 141-164
[27] Deardorff, Alan V. Rich and Poor Countries in Neoclassical Trade and Growth. The Economic Journal, 2001, 111: 277-294
[28] Delong B. Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: Comrnent. American Economic Review, 1988, Vol.78: 1138-1154
[29] Demurger Sylvie, Jeerey D. Sachs. Wing Thye Woo, Shurning Bao, Gene Chang and Andrew Mellinge. Geography, Economic Policy and Regional Development in China. CID Working Paper, 2001, N0.7
[30] Dixit Avinash K, JosephE Stightz. Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity. American Economic Review, 1977, Vol.67(3): 297-308
[31] Dowrick S. and M. Rogers. Classical and Technological Convergence: Beyond the Solow-Swan Growth Model. Oxford Economic Papers, 2002, 54: 369-385
[32] Eckhardt Bode, Sergio J. Rey. The spatial dimension of economic growth and convergence. Regional Science, 2006, Vol. 85(2): 171-176
[33] Fagerberg, J. Technological Progress, Structural Change and Productivity Growth: a Comparative Study. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2000, 11: 193-411
[34] Fingleton B. Theoretical Economic Geography and Spatial Econometrics: Dynamic Perspectives. Journal of Economic Geography, 2001, 1: 201-225
[35] Fingleton B. and McCombie J. S. L. Increasing Returns and Economic Growth: Some Evidence for Manufacturing from the European Union Regions. Oxford Economic Papers, 1998, 50: 89-105,
[36] Galor, Oded. Convergence? Inferences from Theoretical Models. The Economic Journal, 1996, 106: 1056-1069
[37] Glinow, M.A.V. and Mary B. Teagarden. The Transfer of Human Resource Management Technology in Sino-US Cooperative Ventures: Problems and Solution. Human Resource Management, 27(2): 201-229
[38] Griliches Zvi. The Search for R&D Spillovers. NBER Working Paper, 1991, No.3768
[39] Grossman Gene M. and Elhanan Helpman. Trade, Knowledgy Spillovers and Growth. European Economic Review, 1991, 35: 517-526
[40] Grossman Gene M. and Elhanan Helpman. Endogenous Innovation in the Theory of Growth. Journal of Economic Perspective, 1994, Vol8, No.1, Winter: 517-526
[41] Haacker Markus. Imperfect Knowledge Spillovers and Endogenous Growth. Paper of the conference on Dynamics, Economic Growth and International Trade, 1999
[42] Haizheng Li, Zhenhui Xu. Economic Convergence in Seven Asian Economies. Review of Development Economics, 2007
[43] Im K.S., J. Lee and M. Tieslau. Panel LM unit root tests with level shifts 2002. http://www.bus.ucf.edu/wp/content/archives/panellmrevised6dec272002.pdf
[44] Im K.S., M.H. Pesaran and Y. Shin. Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 2002, Vol.115: 53-74
[45] Islam, N. Growth Empirics: a Panel Data Approach. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1995, 110: 1127-1170
[46] Islam, N. Growth Empirics: A Panel Data Approach - A Reply. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1998, 113: 325-329
[47] Islam, N. What Have We Learnt from the Convergence Debate. Journal of Economic Surveys, 2003, 17: 309-362
[48] Jones, L. and R. Manuelli. A Convex Model of Equilibrium Growth: Theory and Policy Implications. Journal of Political Economy, 1990, Vol.98(5): 1008-1038
[49] Kodama F. Japanese Studies on Technology Transfer to Developing Countries: A Survey. Developing Economics, 24, December, 333-354
[50] King R. G. and S. Rebelo. Public Policy Economic Growth: Developing Neoclassical Implications. Journal of Political Economy, 1990, Vol.98: 126-150
[51] Krugman. Paul. A 'technology gap' model of international trade. Structural Adjustment In Developed Open Economies, London, Published by Macmilano, 1986
[52] Levin A. and C.F. Lin. Unit Root Tests in Panel Data, Asymptotic and Finite-sample Properties . UC San Diego Working Paper , 1992 , 92-23 , http://www.econ.ucsd.edu/papers/files/ucsd9223.pdf
[53] Lucas R. Why dose not Capital Flow From Rich to poor Countries. American Economic Review, 1988, 3: 1323-1349
[54] Lucas, Robert E. On the Mechanics of Economic Development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 1988, Vol.22: 3-42
[55] Markiw G, Romer D. and Weil, D. A Contribution to the EmPiries of Economic Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1992, CVII, 2: 407-437
[56] Matteo Lanzafame. Economic structure, technology diffusion and convergence: The case of the Italian regions. ERSA conference papers, European Regional Science Association, revised, 2005, 05p323
[57] Maurseth P. Convergence, Geography and Technology. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2001, 12: 247-276
[58] Quah, D. International patterns of growth: II. persistence in cross-country disparities. MIT working paper, 1990
[59] Quah D. Exploiting Cross Section Variation for Unit Root Inference in Dynamic Data. Economics Letters , 1994, 44: 9-19
[60] Nelson R, Phelps E. Investment in Humans, Technological Diffusion, and Economic Growth. American Eeonomic Review, 1966, 61: 69-75
[61] Rebelo S. Long-Run Policy Analysis and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 1999, 3: 543-559
[62] Rey, S. and Montuory, B. US Regional Income Convergence: A Spatial Econometric Perspective. Regional Studies, 1999, 33: 143-156
[63] Robinson R. D. Toward Creating an International Technology Transfer Paradigm. The International Communication of Technology-A Book of Readings, Taylor & Francis, 1990: 85-88
[64] Romer Paul M. Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 1986, Vol.94: 1002-1037
[65] Romer Paul M. Growth Based on increasing Returns Due to Specialization. American Economic Review, 1987, Vol.77(2): 56-62
[66] Romer Paul M. Endogenous Technology Change. Journal of Political Economics,1990,Vol.98(5):71-102
[67]Sachs Jeffrey D.and Warner Andrew M.Economic Convergence and Economic Policies.NBER Working Paper,1995,No.5039
[68]Sala-i-Martin Xavier.15 Years of Growth Economics:What Have we Learnt?.Discussing Paper#0102-47,Department of Economics,Columbia University,2002
[69]Sala-i-Martin Xavier.The World Distribution of Income.NBER Working Paper,2002,No.8933
[70]Salter,W.E.G.Productivity and Technical Change.Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,1960
[71]Schumpeter J.The Theory of Economic Development.Oxford University Press,1934
[72]Solow,Robert M.A contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth.Quarterly Journal of Economics,1956,70(February):65-74
[73]Solow,Robert M.Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function.Review of Economics and Statistics,1957,vol.39:312-410
[74]Taylor,Codrina Rada.Can the Poor Countries Catch Up? Mixed Results From Extended Sources of Growth Projections for The Early 21ST Century.Metroeconomica,2007,58(1):127-154
[75]Uzawa H.Optimal Technical Change in an Aggregative Model of Economic Growth.European Economic Review,1965,38:641-680
[76]Young,Andrew T.,Higgins Matthew J.and Daniel Levy.Sigma Convergence Versus Beta Convergence:Evidence from U.S.County-Level Data.Dep.of Economics,Bar-Ilan University,Working Paper,2003,6-03
[77]阿瑟 刘易斯.经济增长理论.上海三联书店,1993
[78]白伸林.面板单位根检验理论及其应用研究.南开大学博士论文,2005
[79]蔡昉,都阳.中国地区经济增长的趋同与差异—对西部开发战略的启示.经济研究,2000,10:30-37,80
[80]查尔斯.I.琼斯.经济增长导论.舒元等译校,北京大学出版社,2002。
[81]程建 连玉君.中国区域经济增长收敛的协整分析.经济科学,2005,5:16-24
[82]戴维 罗默.高级宏观经济学.苏剑、罗涛译,商务印书馆,2001
[83]邓翔.增长理论中趋同假说的理论与现实考察.经济学动态,2001,6:
[84]邓翔.经济趋同理论与中国地区经济差距的实证研究.西南财经大学出版社,2003
[85]高铁梅.计量经济分析方法与建模.清华大学出版社,2006
[86]胡鞍钢.中国战略构想.浙江人民出版社,2002
[87]李吉平.长江三角洲区域经济的差异与趋同研究—对宁波、嘉兴、苏州、南通四市区域实践的比较分析.中国人民大学博士论文,2004
[88]李克.适度差距与系统优化:中国现代化进程中的区域经济.中国社会科学出版社,2000
[89]李鹏.技术创新与技术扩散的微观经济分析.中国社会科学院博士论文,2002
[90]李平.技术扩散理论及实证分析.山西经济出版社,1997:3-15
[91]李郇.中国城市中的经济增长.中山大学博士论文,2003
[92]林毅夫.发展战略、自生能力和经济收敛.经济学(季刊),2002,1(2):269-300
[93]林毅夫,蔡昉,李周.中国经济转型时期的地区差距分析.经济研究,1998,6:3-10
[94]林毅夫、刘培林.中国的经济发展战略与地区收入差距.经济研究,2003,7:19-25
[95]林毅夫,刘明兴.中国的经济增长收敛与收入分配.世界经济,2003,8:3-14
[96]林毅夫、董先安等.技术选择、技术扩散与经济收敛.财经问题研究,2004,6:3-10
[97]刘木平,舒元.我国地区经济的收敛与增长决定力量:1978-1997.中山大学学报(社会科学版)2000,5:11-16
[98]刘强.中国经济增长的收敛性分析.经济研究,2001,6:70-77
[99]刘夏明,魏英琪,李国平.收敛还是发散?—中国区域经济发展争论的文献综述.经济研究,2004,7:70-81
[100]罗仁福,李小建和覃成林.中国省际经济趋同的定量分析.地理科学进展,2002,1:73-80
[101]齐孝福.FDI与经济增长中的技术进步—以山东省为例的实证研究.山东大学博士论文,2006
[102]R.J.巴罗,X.萨拉伊马丁.经济增长.何晖、刘明兴译,中国社会科学出版社,2000
[103]申海.中国区域经济差距的收敛性分析.数量经济技术经济研究,1999,8:55-57
[104]潘士远,林毅夫.发展战略、知识吸收能力与经济收敛.数量经济技术经济研究,2006,2:3-131
[105]沈坤荣,马俊.中国经济增长的“俱乐部收敛特征”及其成因研究.经济研究,2002,1:33-41
[106]沈坤荣.体制转型期的中国经济增长.南京大学出版社,1999
[107]沈能.区域经济增长的动态趋同性—基于“长三角”地区的实证分析.财经科学,2005,5:112-119
[108]王梦奎.西部开发和中国的现代化.载王梦奎、李善同等著:中国地区社会经济发展不平衡问题研究,商务印书馆,2000年。
[109]王小鲁,樊纲.中国地区差距的变动趋势和影响因素.经济研究,2004,1:33-44
[110]王志刚.质疑中国经济增长的条件收敛性.管理世界,2004,3:25-30
[111]魏后凯.中国地区经济增长及其收敛性.中国工业经济,1997,3:31-37
[112]吴易凤等.西方经济学.中国人民大学出版社,1998,677
[113]夏万军,纪宏.技术扩散和区域经济收敛—一个理论模型的新框架.商业经济与管理,2007,6:28-31
[114]夏万军,纪宏.我国区域人力资本分布与经济增长:基于面板数据的实证分析.统计教育,2007,5:43-45
[115]熊彼特.经济发展理论.中译本.商务印书馆,1990:85-110
[116]徐现祥,舒元.物质资本、人力资本与中国地区双峰趋同.世界经济,2005,1:47-57
[117]徐现祥、李郇.中国城市经济增长的趋同分析.经济研究,2004,5:40-48
[118]杨小凯著.经济学原理.中国社会科学出版社,1997年。
[119]易丹辉.数据分析与Evlwes应用.中国统计出版社,2001
[120]曾德聪,仲长荣.技术转移学.福建科学技术出版社,1997:2-8
[121]张海洋.外资技术扩散与中国经济增长.华中科技大学博士论文,2004
[122]张焕明.我国经济增长的地区趋同性及其路径分析—基于扩展的积累增长模型实证研究.财经科学,2005,6:16-27
[123]张焕明.我国经济增长地区性趋同路径的实证分析.财经研究,2007,1:76-87
[124]张焕明.我国经济增长的地区性趋同理论及实证分析.合肥工业大学出版社,2007,53-55
[125]张曙光,《关于地区经济差异变动的另一种解释》,经济研究,1993,9:19-26
[126]朱发仓,苏为华.区域经济收敛与比较优势发展战略—基于行业的动态Panel模型分析.管理世界,2006,9:46-70
[127]朱勇.新增长理论.商务印书馆,1999
[128]周卫峰.中国区域经济增长收敛性研究,中国社会科学院博士论文,2005
[129]左大培.经济增长理论模型的内生化历程.中国经济出版社,2007
[130]左大培.内生稳态增长模型的生产结构.中国社会科学出版社,2005
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |