基于TRIZ的产品绿色创新设计方法研究
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摘要
随着科学技术飞速发展，产品的升级换代周期不断缩短，带来的环境恶化、能源危机等问题日益凸现。绿色设计方法着重考虑产品全生命周期内的环境属性，被公认为是解决以上问题的有效途径之一。进入21世纪创新成为了产品设计与开发的核心，如何将产品绿色设计与创新设计相结合，建立产品绿色创新设计体系框架和开发优秀的产品绿色创新设计软件，帮助企业提高绿色创新设计的能力，开发环境友好性产品，有效地改善环境效率，是亟待解决的问题。因此本文在综合国内外现有的产品设计方法基础上，对产品绿色创新设计信息模型、面向产品绿色创新的客户需求分析及映射技术、基于TRIZ理论与实例推理原理的产品绿色创新设计、基于进化理论的产品绿色创新设计、基于Eco-efficiency的绿色产品创新设计评价等内容进行了重点研究，主要工作如下：
（1）由于产品绿色创新设计过程具有信息组成复杂、设计过程复杂的特点，为了系统地实现产品绿色创新设计，论文研究了产品绿色创新设计过程，并在此基础上建立了产品绿色创新设计集成信息模型。
（2）为了系统地实现绿色客户需求向产品创新设计目标的转化，论文对面向全生命周期的绿色产品客户需求组成、绿色客户需求的获取途径和工具进行了系统地研究，并建立了基于改进质量屋的绿色客户需求转换方法，实现了从最初的绿色客户需求到创新设计目标的转换。
（3）为开发环境友好型产品，提高绿色产品的创新效率，论文在分析TRIZ理论和实例推理原理的产品设计方法基础上，建立了基于TRIZ理论和实例推理原理的产品绿色创新设计方法，研究了基于本体的绿色产品设计实例表达机制、基于XML（Extensible MarkupLanguage）的实例存储和实例的检索方法。该方法将TRIZ理论以及基于实例的产品绿色创新设计有效地结合起来，实现产品的绿色创新设计。
（4）通过产品技术发展的预测来实现产品创新设计和开发新的产品，是企业率先抢占市场的重要途径之一。本文通过对TRIZ进化理论、方法进行分析和研究的基础上，提出了基于TRIZ进化理论的产品绿色创新设计模型，通过该模型能够分析和预测绿色技术未来发展的可能结构状态，为产品设计者提供绿色技术的发展方向，指导设计者沿着正确的方向进行产品绿色创新设计。
（5）为了保证绿色创新设计评价的科学性，论文在Eco-efficiency概念的基础上，建立了基于Eco-efficiency的绿色产品创新设计评价模型，从绿色产品功能质量量化、绿色产品客户满意度量化、绿色产品生命周期环境影响量化和资源消耗量化4个方面实现了绿色产品的生态效率综合评价。
（6）在上述研究的基础上，论文从系统实现的角度阐述了产品绿色创新设计支持平台GIDP-EEP原型系统的开发及应用。
With the rapid development of science and technology, the upgrade cycles of product becomeshorter, which brought the environmental degradation, energy crisis and other environmentalissues. Green design focusing on the environmental properties in the whole product life cycle isrecognized as an effective way to solve the environmental problems above. In the21st century,innovation has become the core of the product design and development. How to combine greenproduct design method with innovative design method, build product green innovation designmethod and develop product green innovation design software, which help enterprises toimprove the ability of green innovation design, develop environment-friendly products andimprove the environmental efficiency, are the problems to be solved.In this paper, the processmodel of green innovation design, the green customer voice analysis and mapping technique, thegreen innovation design based on TRIZ theory and CBR method, the green innovation designbased on evolutionary theory, the evaluation of green innovation design based on Eco-efficiencyare researched. This dissertation has obtained the following innovative results：
(1) The process and information composition of green innovation design are complex. In orderto achieve product green innovation design systematically, the process model of green innovationdesign, the information model of green innovation design green and the acquisition model ofgreen innovation design knowledge are researched and established.
(2) In order to realize the transformation from customer requirements to the innovation designgoals, the composition of green customer requirements, the investigation method and tools ofgreen customer requirements are researched systematically. The conventional House of Quality(HOQ) was modified to achieve the transformation from green customer requirements to theinnovation design goals.
(3) Using design knowledge well and having the systemic innovative method to guide, caneffectively improve capabilities of the green innovation design. The product green innovationdesign method was proposed based on TRIZ theory and Case-Based Reasoning principle. Therepresentation mechanism of green innovation design case based on Ontology, the case storageand retrieval method based on XML technique were researched and established. This methodeffectively combined the green innovation design method based on TRIZ conflict matrix andsubstances-field analysis with the green innovation design method based on CBR.
(4) To realize the product innovation design and develop new products through forecasting ofproduct technique development is an important way to help enterprise to seize the market share.The evolution model of green innovation design was proposed based on TRIZ evolution theory.The possible structure state of green technique in the future can be analyzed and predicted thoughthis model, which can provide the right developing direction of green technique and guide the designers to realize the green innovation design.
(5) In order to ensure the scientificity of green innovation design evaluation, the evaluationmodel of green product innovation design based on Eco-Efficiency was proposed, which realizethe comprehensive evaluation of green products’ eco-efficiency through quantifying the quality ofproduct features, customer satisfaction, the environmental impact and resource consumption in thewhole life cycle of products.
(6) Based on the research results above, the prototype system and application of product greeninnovation design support platform (GIDP-EEP) were illuminated.
Finally, the main conclusions for the thesis are summarized and future relevant research worksare suggested．
（1）由于产品绿色创新设计过程具有信息组成复杂、设计过程复杂的特点，为了系统地实现产品绿色创新设计，论文研究了产品绿色创新设计过程，并在此基础上建立了产品绿色创新设计集成信息模型。
（2）为了系统地实现绿色客户需求向产品创新设计目标的转化，论文对面向全生命周期的绿色产品客户需求组成、绿色客户需求的获取途径和工具进行了系统地研究，并建立了基于改进质量屋的绿色客户需求转换方法，实现了从最初的绿色客户需求到创新设计目标的转换。
（3）为开发环境友好型产品，提高绿色产品的创新效率，论文在分析TRIZ理论和实例推理原理的产品设计方法基础上，建立了基于TRIZ理论和实例推理原理的产品绿色创新设计方法，研究了基于本体的绿色产品设计实例表达机制、基于XML（Extensible MarkupLanguage）的实例存储和实例的检索方法。该方法将TRIZ理论以及基于实例的产品绿色创新设计有效地结合起来，实现产品的绿色创新设计。
（4）通过产品技术发展的预测来实现产品创新设计和开发新的产品，是企业率先抢占市场的重要途径之一。本文通过对TRIZ进化理论、方法进行分析和研究的基础上，提出了基于TRIZ进化理论的产品绿色创新设计模型，通过该模型能够分析和预测绿色技术未来发展的可能结构状态，为产品设计者提供绿色技术的发展方向，指导设计者沿着正确的方向进行产品绿色创新设计。
（5）为了保证绿色创新设计评价的科学性，论文在Eco-efficiency概念的基础上，建立了基于Eco-efficiency的绿色产品创新设计评价模型，从绿色产品功能质量量化、绿色产品客户满意度量化、绿色产品生命周期环境影响量化和资源消耗量化4个方面实现了绿色产品的生态效率综合评价。
（6）在上述研究的基础上，论文从系统实现的角度阐述了产品绿色创新设计支持平台GIDP-EEP原型系统的开发及应用。
With the rapid development of science and technology, the upgrade cycles of product becomeshorter, which brought the environmental degradation, energy crisis and other environmentalissues. Green design focusing on the environmental properties in the whole product life cycle isrecognized as an effective way to solve the environmental problems above. In the21st century,innovation has become the core of the product design and development. How to combine greenproduct design method with innovative design method, build product green innovation designmethod and develop product green innovation design software, which help enterprises toimprove the ability of green innovation design, develop environment-friendly products andimprove the environmental efficiency, are the problems to be solved.In this paper, the processmodel of green innovation design, the green customer voice analysis and mapping technique, thegreen innovation design based on TRIZ theory and CBR method, the green innovation designbased on evolutionary theory, the evaluation of green innovation design based on Eco-efficiencyare researched. This dissertation has obtained the following innovative results：
(1) The process and information composition of green innovation design are complex. In orderto achieve product green innovation design systematically, the process model of green innovationdesign, the information model of green innovation design green and the acquisition model ofgreen innovation design knowledge are researched and established.
(2) In order to realize the transformation from customer requirements to the innovation designgoals, the composition of green customer requirements, the investigation method and tools ofgreen customer requirements are researched systematically. The conventional House of Quality(HOQ) was modified to achieve the transformation from green customer requirements to theinnovation design goals.
(3) Using design knowledge well and having the systemic innovative method to guide, caneffectively improve capabilities of the green innovation design. The product green innovationdesign method was proposed based on TRIZ theory and Case-Based Reasoning principle. Therepresentation mechanism of green innovation design case based on Ontology, the case storageand retrieval method based on XML technique were researched and established. This methodeffectively combined the green innovation design method based on TRIZ conflict matrix andsubstances-field analysis with the green innovation design method based on CBR.
(4) To realize the product innovation design and develop new products through forecasting ofproduct technique development is an important way to help enterprise to seize the market share.The evolution model of green innovation design was proposed based on TRIZ evolution theory.The possible structure state of green technique in the future can be analyzed and predicted thoughthis model, which can provide the right developing direction of green technique and guide the designers to realize the green innovation design.
(5) In order to ensure the scientificity of green innovation design evaluation, the evaluationmodel of green product innovation design based on Eco-Efficiency was proposed, which realizethe comprehensive evaluation of green products’ eco-efficiency through quantifying the quality ofproduct features, customer satisfaction, the environmental impact and resource consumption in thewhole life cycle of products.
(6) Based on the research results above, the prototype system and application of product greeninnovation design support platform (GIDP-EEP) were illuminated.
Finally, the main conclusions for the thesis are summarized and future relevant research worksare suggested．
引文
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