江门市中小企业国际化经营的政策支持体系研究
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摘要
随着后危机时代的到来,国内市场与国际市场的关系更为紧密,国际竞争环境更具激烈。作为21世纪经济发展主角的中小企业,其进行国际化经营的国内外环境并不宽松,贸易摩擦以及国内政策环境依然困扰着它们的发展,制约着其国际化经营的步伐。因此,完善的政策环境已成为促进中小企业国际化快速发展的关键。
对于遭到危机肆虐的珠三角中小企业,如何跟随全球的复苏而重新焕发生机?而作为珠三角制造业基地、外向型中小企业为主的江门市,又如何加大政策扶持,优化宏观环境,从而实现新一轮发展呢?只有政府积极改革企业的生存环境,创建出一个具有新的比较优势水平的产业区划,才能使珠三角相对滞后的经济更具后劲。在此背景下,促进更多的中小企业“走出去”,为其国际化发展提供更好的政策支持体系,就成为促进和保障江门市中小企业国际化顺利发展并转型升级的关键,也是政府、企业界和理论工作者所共同面对和亟待解决的一项重大课题。
本文以江门市为例,运用系统分析的思想,通过问卷调查、实地访谈等方式,对江门市中小企业国际化经营的政策支持体系予以实证研究。论文分为五部分：
第一章绪论,阐述了论文研究背景意义、国内外研究现状以及论文的研究内容、方法和结构框架,为全文的总纲。
第二章方法,介绍了中小企业国际化经营政策支持体系的概念及其研究方法,为后面研究提供方法支持。
第三章调查分析,通过对江门市中小企业国际化经营环境的调查,探讨其在促进中小企业国际化方面的相关政策及其做法,指出目前江门市中小企业国际化经营政策支持体系方面存在的问题,为论文实证分析之一。
第四章实证分析,在前两章分析基础上,建立中小企业国际化经营政策环境的综合评价指标体系并运用因子分析方法对其进行实证分析,揭示后危机时代外部政策环境对江门市中小企业国际化经营的影响度,为论文实证分析之二。
第五章研究结论,基于上述分析,从法律、财政、税收、金融信贷、出口贸易等方面,对完善江门市中小企业国际化经营的政策支持体系给出相关政策建议,并给出论文的研究结论和对未来的展望。
With the emerge of post-crisis era, the relationship between home and abroad markets gets closer, the international competition environment is much bitter, and the trade friction of anti-dumping becomes more and more. As the leading role of 21st economic development, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face tough home-and-abroad environment, trad friction and home policy still prevent their development, and confine their international operation pace. Therefore, well-prepared policy environment has become the key of promoting the international development of SMEs.
As for the SMEs in pearl river delta region that has been affected by the crisis, how can they regain vitality with the recovery of global crisis?Jiangmen is the manufacturing base in pearl river delta region and mainly owns the extraverted SMEs, how can the city improve policy support, optimize the macro-environment, so as to pursue further development? Only when the government improves corporate environment positively, building a new geographical advantage, can the relative lagging economic in pearl river delta region have potential prospect. Under the background, the key issue of improving and ensuring the international development and transformation-upgrading of SMEs in Jiangmen is to encourage more companies to go outside, and to provide better policy support system for their international development, which is also an important subject for the government, business circle and theory workers.
The paper uses system analysis concept, questionnaire survey and on-the-spot interview to research the international operation policy support system of SMEs in Jiangmen. The thesis has five parts.
Chapter One Introduction, state the research background, the research situation home and abroad, research content and method, as well as the structural frame.
Chapter Two Method, introduce the concept and research method of international operation policy support system of SMEs, providing method support for later research.
Chapter Three Investigation Analysis, through the investigation of the international operation policy support system of SMEs in Jiangmen, discuss its policy in promoting international operation of SMEs, pointing out the problems in this aspect as one of the empirical analysis.
Chapter Four Empirical Analysis, build comprehensive evaluating indicator system of the international operation policy environment, use factor analysis to confirm it, and reveal the effect of outer policy environment in post-crisis era to international operation of SMEs in Jiangmen, which is another empirical analysis.
Chapter Five Conclusion, on the basis of the previous analysis, offer some suggestions to impro-ve the international operation policy support system of SMEs in Jiangmen, make conclusions of the paper, and put forward the research expectations.
对于遭到危机肆虐的珠三角中小企业,如何跟随全球的复苏而重新焕发生机?而作为珠三角制造业基地、外向型中小企业为主的江门市,又如何加大政策扶持,优化宏观环境,从而实现新一轮发展呢?只有政府积极改革企业的生存环境,创建出一个具有新的比较优势水平的产业区划,才能使珠三角相对滞后的经济更具后劲。在此背景下,促进更多的中小企业“走出去”,为其国际化发展提供更好的政策支持体系,就成为促进和保障江门市中小企业国际化顺利发展并转型升级的关键,也是政府、企业界和理论工作者所共同面对和亟待解决的一项重大课题。
本文以江门市为例,运用系统分析的思想,通过问卷调查、实地访谈等方式,对江门市中小企业国际化经营的政策支持体系予以实证研究。论文分为五部分：
第一章绪论,阐述了论文研究背景意义、国内外研究现状以及论文的研究内容、方法和结构框架,为全文的总纲。
第二章方法,介绍了中小企业国际化经营政策支持体系的概念及其研究方法,为后面研究提供方法支持。
第三章调查分析,通过对江门市中小企业国际化经营环境的调查,探讨其在促进中小企业国际化方面的相关政策及其做法,指出目前江门市中小企业国际化经营政策支持体系方面存在的问题,为论文实证分析之一。
第四章实证分析,在前两章分析基础上,建立中小企业国际化经营政策环境的综合评价指标体系并运用因子分析方法对其进行实证分析,揭示后危机时代外部政策环境对江门市中小企业国际化经营的影响度,为论文实证分析之二。
第五章研究结论,基于上述分析,从法律、财政、税收、金融信贷、出口贸易等方面,对完善江门市中小企业国际化经营的政策支持体系给出相关政策建议,并给出论文的研究结论和对未来的展望。
With the emerge of post-crisis era, the relationship between home and abroad markets gets closer, the international competition environment is much bitter, and the trade friction of anti-dumping becomes more and more. As the leading role of 21st economic development, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face tough home-and-abroad environment, trad friction and home policy still prevent their development, and confine their international operation pace. Therefore, well-prepared policy environment has become the key of promoting the international development of SMEs.
As for the SMEs in pearl river delta region that has been affected by the crisis, how can they regain vitality with the recovery of global crisis?Jiangmen is the manufacturing base in pearl river delta region and mainly owns the extraverted SMEs, how can the city improve policy support, optimize the macro-environment, so as to pursue further development? Only when the government improves corporate environment positively, building a new geographical advantage, can the relative lagging economic in pearl river delta region have potential prospect. Under the background, the key issue of improving and ensuring the international development and transformation-upgrading of SMEs in Jiangmen is to encourage more companies to go outside, and to provide better policy support system for their international development, which is also an important subject for the government, business circle and theory workers.
The paper uses system analysis concept, questionnaire survey and on-the-spot interview to research the international operation policy support system of SMEs in Jiangmen. The thesis has five parts.
Chapter One Introduction, state the research background, the research situation home and abroad, research content and method, as well as the structural frame.
Chapter Two Method, introduce the concept and research method of international operation policy support system of SMEs, providing method support for later research.
Chapter Three Investigation Analysis, through the investigation of the international operation policy support system of SMEs in Jiangmen, discuss its policy in promoting international operation of SMEs, pointing out the problems in this aspect as one of the empirical analysis.
Chapter Four Empirical Analysis, build comprehensive evaluating indicator system of the international operation policy environment, use factor analysis to confirm it, and reveal the effect of outer policy environment in post-crisis era to international operation of SMEs in Jiangmen, which is another empirical analysis.
Chapter Five Conclusion, on the basis of the previous analysis, offer some suggestions to impro-ve the international operation policy support system of SMEs in Jiangmen, make conclusions of the paper, and put forward the research expectations.
引文
[1]邓伟千.我国中小企业国际化经营的政府指导与政策扶持[J].南方论刊,1997,(9)：32-34
[2]Schumacher E. F、李华夏.小的就是美好的[M].南京：译林出版社,2007.
[3]Brander, James A. Strategic Trade policy [J]. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995(44):69-83.
[4]Murray L.Weidenbaum. Government-Mandated Price Increases:A Neglected Aspect of Inflation [M]. AMER ENTERPRISE INST PUBLIC PO.1975.
[5]Farmer,R.N &Richman,B.M. Comparative Management and Economic Progress [M]. Richard D. Irwin, Homewood, IL,1965.
[6]Porter, M.E. The Competitive Advantage of Nations [M]. The Free Press, New York, 1990
[7]SBA:40 Years of Service to American's Small Business:the SBA 1953～1993, the US Government Printing Office,1995
[8]焦方太.日本中小企业支持政策及启示[J].广东外语外贸大学学报,2009(1)：43-46
[9]赵优珍.中小企业国际化——理论探讨与经营实践[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2005.
[10]崔彩周.民营企业国际化经营中政府角色合理定位问题研究[J].财经经纬,2007(3)：95-97
[11]严建苗,陆普.浙江省民营企业的出口发展与制度创新[J].国际贸易问题,2004(12)：40-43
[12]樊增强.“走出去”与“国际化”：中国中小企业的必然选择[J].当代经济研究,2004(3)：40-46
[13]孙利娟、冯德连.我国民营中小企业外向国际化方式研究[J].商业研究,2006(17)：11-14
[14]季开胜.略论我国中小企业国际化发展的政策支持体系构建[J].经济问题,2009(6)：63-66
[15]吴三清.中小企业国际化经营的影响因素实证研究[J].暨南学报,2005,27(3)： P23-29
[16]陈晓红、王傅强.基于SEM的我国中小企业外部环境评价体系研究[J].商业经济与管理,2008(10)：42-47
[17]程惠芳、蒋泰维、胡慧芬、潘信路.国家创新体系对企业国际竞争力影响的经验分析[J].世界经济,2008(1)：90-96
[18]易国庆著.中小企业政府管理与政策支持体系研究[M].北京：企业管理出版社,2001.
[19]林汉川、邱红.中小企业管理[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006.
[20]Paliwoda. S. International Marketing[J].Butterworth-HeineannLtd,1995.34
[21]Cavusgil,S,T. On the Internationalization Process of Firms [J].European Research,1980,273-281
[22]Fletcher,R. A Holistic Approach to Internationalization [J].International Business Review,2001,25-29
[23]赵优珍.中小企业国际化——理论探讨与经营实践[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2005.
[24]袁红林.完善中小企业政策支持体系研究[M].沈阳：东北财经大学出版社,2010
[25]易国庆著.中小企业政府管理与政策支持体系研究[M].北京：企业管理出版社,2001.
[26]徐贵恒.系统科学方法应用研究[J].理论研究,2006(6)：5457
[27]陈树裕主编.新编政策学概论[M].北京,中共中央党校出版社,2005
[28]方贤华主编.实用政务大辞典[M].湖北辞书出版社,1993.
[29]马春芳.浅析中小企业政策体系[J].商业经济,2005(4)：100-101
[30]达捷.我国中小企业国际化发展的外部环境探索[J].商场现代化,2009(8)：63-64
[31]柳春.中小企业国际化经营国内法制环境的构建[J].对外经贸实务,2005,6：P39-40
[32]郭立双,许柏霞主编.中华人民共和国中小企业促进法实施读本[M].北京：中国言实出版社,2002.
[33]尹柳营,胡军燕,樊友乐.政府部门如何促进中小企业国际化发展[J].经济师,2003(2)：156157
[34]季开胜.促进中小企业国际化发展的社会服务体系探讨[J].中国集体经济,2008(2)：46-48
[35]Bloome,D.E. Systems Analysis and Design Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs,1998: 56-62
[36]赵玉珍,蔡华.我国各区域的投资环境因子分析及政策建议[J].西安石油学院学报,2003,(3)：3-5
[37]任丽军,尚金城.山东省产业政策战略环境评价.城市环境与城市生态,2005,(1)：26-28
[38]姜健飞等编著.数值分析及其MATLAB实验[M].北京：科学出版社,2004
[39]高铁梅主编.计量经济分析方法与建模[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2009
[40]梅强,吴亚东.基于因子分析的中小民营企业外部成长环境综合评价[J].中国管理信息化,2009(3)：78-79
[2]Schumacher E. F、李华夏.小的就是美好的[M].南京：译林出版社,2007.
[3]Brander, James A. Strategic Trade policy [J]. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995(44):69-83.
[4]Murray L.Weidenbaum. Government-Mandated Price Increases:A Neglected Aspect of Inflation [M]. AMER ENTERPRISE INST PUBLIC PO.1975.
[5]Farmer,R.N &Richman,B.M. Comparative Management and Economic Progress [M]. Richard D. Irwin, Homewood, IL,1965.
[6]Porter, M.E. The Competitive Advantage of Nations [M]. The Free Press, New York, 1990
[7]SBA:40 Years of Service to American's Small Business:the SBA 1953～1993, the US Government Printing Office,1995
[8]焦方太.日本中小企业支持政策及启示[J].广东外语外贸大学学报,2009(1)：43-46
[9]赵优珍.中小企业国际化——理论探讨与经营实践[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2005.
[10]崔彩周.民营企业国际化经营中政府角色合理定位问题研究[J].财经经纬,2007(3)：95-97
[11]严建苗,陆普.浙江省民营企业的出口发展与制度创新[J].国际贸易问题,2004(12)：40-43
[12]樊增强.“走出去”与“国际化”：中国中小企业的必然选择[J].当代经济研究,2004(3)：40-46
[13]孙利娟、冯德连.我国民营中小企业外向国际化方式研究[J].商业研究,2006(17)：11-14
[14]季开胜.略论我国中小企业国际化发展的政策支持体系构建[J].经济问题,2009(6)：63-66
[15]吴三清.中小企业国际化经营的影响因素实证研究[J].暨南学报,2005,27(3)： P23-29
[16]陈晓红、王傅强.基于SEM的我国中小企业外部环境评价体系研究[J].商业经济与管理,2008(10)：42-47
[17]程惠芳、蒋泰维、胡慧芬、潘信路.国家创新体系对企业国际竞争力影响的经验分析[J].世界经济,2008(1)：90-96
[18]易国庆著.中小企业政府管理与政策支持体系研究[M].北京：企业管理出版社,2001.
[19]林汉川、邱红.中小企业管理[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006.
[20]Paliwoda. S. International Marketing[J].Butterworth-HeineannLtd,1995.34
[21]Cavusgil,S,T. On the Internationalization Process of Firms [J].European Research,1980,273-281
[22]Fletcher,R. A Holistic Approach to Internationalization [J].International Business Review,2001,25-29
[23]赵优珍.中小企业国际化——理论探讨与经营实践[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2005.
[24]袁红林.完善中小企业政策支持体系研究[M].沈阳：东北财经大学出版社,2010
[25]易国庆著.中小企业政府管理与政策支持体系研究[M].北京：企业管理出版社,2001.
[26]徐贵恒.系统科学方法应用研究[J].理论研究,2006(6)：5457
[27]陈树裕主编.新编政策学概论[M].北京,中共中央党校出版社,2005
[28]方贤华主编.实用政务大辞典[M].湖北辞书出版社,1993.
[29]马春芳.浅析中小企业政策体系[J].商业经济,2005(4)：100-101
[30]达捷.我国中小企业国际化发展的外部环境探索[J].商场现代化,2009(8)：63-64
[31]柳春.中小企业国际化经营国内法制环境的构建[J].对外经贸实务,2005,6：P39-40
[32]郭立双,许柏霞主编.中华人民共和国中小企业促进法实施读本[M].北京：中国言实出版社,2002.
[33]尹柳营,胡军燕,樊友乐.政府部门如何促进中小企业国际化发展[J].经济师,2003(2)：156157
[34]季开胜.促进中小企业国际化发展的社会服务体系探讨[J].中国集体经济,2008(2)：46-48
[35]Bloome,D.E. Systems Analysis and Design Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs,1998: 56-62
[36]赵玉珍,蔡华.我国各区域的投资环境因子分析及政策建议[J].西安石油学院学报,2003,(3)：3-5
[37]任丽军,尚金城.山东省产业政策战略环境评价.城市环境与城市生态,2005,(1)：26-28
[38]姜健飞等编著.数值分析及其MATLAB实验[M].北京：科学出版社,2004
[39]高铁梅主编.计量经济分析方法与建模[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2009
[40]梅强,吴亚东.基于因子分析的中小民营企业外部成长环境综合评价[J].中国管理信息化,2009(3)：78-79