兰坪铅锌矿北厂矿段数字化及技术经济指标优化
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摘要
在资源短缺、环境恶化、人口膨胀以及经济可持续发展和经济全球化的背景下,矿产资源的合理利用与开发正成为一个突出的问题。社会对地质科学的要求越来越高,传统地质方法己不能满足社会发展的需要。进行三维地学模拟(3DGM),加强矿产资源的定量评估,提高地质数据的处理精度,以实现矿山生产的动态管理和矿产资源的充分合理利用,降低成本,提高矿山生产的社会经济效益,是关系到矿业可持续发展的重大问题。
多年来,地质、矿业界人士一直希望能够更准确地解译和圈定地下地质体,以便更直观精确地了解地下地质体(矿体、地层、断层、褶皱构造等)的三维形态,快速准确地计算矿体储量,掌握矿体品位的空间分布规律,以便指导矿产资源的有效开发利用,从而引发了传统矿业向数字矿业的变革。
作者分析了我国矿业信息化发展存在的问题,概述地总结了地质统计学的理论方法、理论变异函数的基本理论,并重点介绍了克立格估值方法。对目前国际上流行的矿业软件进行了比较和分析,结合矿床数学经济模型软件包及SURPAC软件的优势,首次为兰坪铅锌矿建立了三维数字化矿床模型,取得的成果主要有:
(1) 在对原始数据进行正确检查并对特高品位进行科学处理的基础上,建立了原始地质资料数据库,矿山可根据需要随时进行数据的更新、存储、传输、表述和综合查询。
(2) 对样品的分布规律进行了分析研究,包括样品总数、均值、方差、标准差、频率分布和样品的品位分布,绘制了品位分布直方图和概率频率图,结果显示原始样品和组合样品均服从对数正态分布。
(3) 结合矿山地质剖面图及相关地质资料,对矿体进行地质解译并圈定矿体,形成了矿体的三维可视化模型。
(4) 应用普通克立格法,采用球状模型,建立了矿体的理论变异函数,为分析成矿规律,指导找矿提供依据。
(5) 采用普通克立格法对矿体进行品位估值,建立起矿体的空间品位模型,从而查明了矿体组分的三维空间分布特征,总结了矿体的矿化富集规律。
(6) 利用矿床数学模型,根据企业的采、选、冶、运、管成本,产品的市场价格,并考虑矿产的综合利用,动态多方案圈定矿体,并进行多方案对比,为企业
Under the background of missing in the resources, environment worsen, population inflation and economic sustainable development and economic globalization, the reasonable utilization and development of the mineral resources is becoming a outstanding problem. Society makes higher claims for the geological science which however cannot meet the needs of social development. Carrying on 3DGM, strengthening the quantitative valuation of the mineral resources, raising the processing accuracy of the geology data to realize the aim of dynamic management of mineral enterprise, the full reasonable exploitation, declining the cost and raising the social economic effects , which is an important thing that relate to sustainable development of mineral enterprise.For many years, geologist and mining industry experts have been hoping to interpret and outline more accurately the geologic body underground to understand more accurately the 3D information of the geologic body underground (including stratum, mineral body, fault, fold structure and so on) , calculate mineral body reserve quickly and accurately and understand the spatial grade distribution of the mineral body, so that it can instruct us in exploring the mineral resources effectively, which bring the reform from the traditional mining industry to modern one.The author analyzed the existing problem in developing the mining informationiztion , summarized briefly the theory and technique of the geostatistics, the basic theory of variation function especially the Kriging reserves estimation , compared and analyzed the function of the popular international mining software, established 3D digital mineral deposit models for Lead Zinc Ore of Lanping with the software package of Mathematic-economical Model of The Deposits combining the software function of SURPAC. The achievements as follows:(1) Built up the original geology database after checking accurately the original data and processed reasonably the abnormal grade. The mineral enterprise can renew, save, deliver, express and search their need data at any time.
(2) Analyzed the distribution regulation of sample including sample total, average, variance, Standard deviation, frequency distribution and the grade distribution of sample and plotted grade distribution histogram and probability relative frequency graph, the result display that the primary sample and composite sample presents logarithmic normal distribution.(3) Interpreted and determined mineral body underground according to the geological sections and data of mine to set up 3D visual model of mineral body.(4) Setted up theory variation function applying normal Kriging and globosity model to provide reference for analyzing regulation of deposit and instructing exploring deposit .(5) Estimated the value of grade of mineral body applying normal Kriging to set up spacial grade model of mineral body. As a result found out the 3D spacial distribution character of grade of mineral body and summarized the regulation of useful element enriching of mineral body.(6) Outlined dynamically mineral body with many schemes and compared them according to mineral deposit mathematical model and the cost of mining, smelting, transporting .managing and the price of mineral production in market in order to provide reference for enterprise selecting the best mining scheme.The foundation of mathematic-economical model of the deposit is to provide scientific reference for mineral enterprise realizing digital dynamical management, developing and making use of mineral comprehensively, raising the social economic effects of developing mineral resources and to provide a comprehensive information terrace for the aftertime development of mineral enterprise.
多年来,地质、矿业界人士一直希望能够更准确地解译和圈定地下地质体,以便更直观精确地了解地下地质体(矿体、地层、断层、褶皱构造等)的三维形态,快速准确地计算矿体储量,掌握矿体品位的空间分布规律,以便指导矿产资源的有效开发利用,从而引发了传统矿业向数字矿业的变革。
作者分析了我国矿业信息化发展存在的问题,概述地总结了地质统计学的理论方法、理论变异函数的基本理论,并重点介绍了克立格估值方法。对目前国际上流行的矿业软件进行了比较和分析,结合矿床数学经济模型软件包及SURPAC软件的优势,首次为兰坪铅锌矿建立了三维数字化矿床模型,取得的成果主要有:
(1) 在对原始数据进行正确检查并对特高品位进行科学处理的基础上,建立了原始地质资料数据库,矿山可根据需要随时进行数据的更新、存储、传输、表述和综合查询。
(2) 对样品的分布规律进行了分析研究,包括样品总数、均值、方差、标准差、频率分布和样品的品位分布,绘制了品位分布直方图和概率频率图,结果显示原始样品和组合样品均服从对数正态分布。
(3) 结合矿山地质剖面图及相关地质资料,对矿体进行地质解译并圈定矿体,形成了矿体的三维可视化模型。
(4) 应用普通克立格法,采用球状模型,建立了矿体的理论变异函数,为分析成矿规律,指导找矿提供依据。
(5) 采用普通克立格法对矿体进行品位估值,建立起矿体的空间品位模型,从而查明了矿体组分的三维空间分布特征,总结了矿体的矿化富集规律。
(6) 利用矿床数学模型,根据企业的采、选、冶、运、管成本,产品的市场价格,并考虑矿产的综合利用,动态多方案圈定矿体,并进行多方案对比,为企业
Under the background of missing in the resources, environment worsen, population inflation and economic sustainable development and economic globalization, the reasonable utilization and development of the mineral resources is becoming a outstanding problem. Society makes higher claims for the geological science which however cannot meet the needs of social development. Carrying on 3DGM, strengthening the quantitative valuation of the mineral resources, raising the processing accuracy of the geology data to realize the aim of dynamic management of mineral enterprise, the full reasonable exploitation, declining the cost and raising the social economic effects , which is an important thing that relate to sustainable development of mineral enterprise.For many years, geologist and mining industry experts have been hoping to interpret and outline more accurately the geologic body underground to understand more accurately the 3D information of the geologic body underground (including stratum, mineral body, fault, fold structure and so on) , calculate mineral body reserve quickly and accurately and understand the spatial grade distribution of the mineral body, so that it can instruct us in exploring the mineral resources effectively, which bring the reform from the traditional mining industry to modern one.The author analyzed the existing problem in developing the mining informationiztion , summarized briefly the theory and technique of the geostatistics, the basic theory of variation function especially the Kriging reserves estimation , compared and analyzed the function of the popular international mining software, established 3D digital mineral deposit models for Lead Zinc Ore of Lanping with the software package of Mathematic-economical Model of The Deposits combining the software function of SURPAC. The achievements as follows:(1) Built up the original geology database after checking accurately the original data and processed reasonably the abnormal grade. The mineral enterprise can renew, save, deliver, express and search their need data at any time.
(2) Analyzed the distribution regulation of sample including sample total, average, variance, Standard deviation, frequency distribution and the grade distribution of sample and plotted grade distribution histogram and probability relative frequency graph, the result display that the primary sample and composite sample presents logarithmic normal distribution.(3) Interpreted and determined mineral body underground according to the geological sections and data of mine to set up 3D visual model of mineral body.(4) Setted up theory variation function applying normal Kriging and globosity model to provide reference for analyzing regulation of deposit and instructing exploring deposit .(5) Estimated the value of grade of mineral body applying normal Kriging to set up spacial grade model of mineral body. As a result found out the 3D spacial distribution character of grade of mineral body and summarized the regulation of useful element enriching of mineral body.(6) Outlined dynamically mineral body with many schemes and compared them according to mineral deposit mathematical model and the cost of mining, smelting, transporting .managing and the price of mineral production in market in order to provide reference for enterprise selecting the best mining scheme.The foundation of mathematic-economical model of the deposit is to provide scientific reference for mineral enterprise realizing digital dynamical management, developing and making use of mineral comprehensively, raising the social economic effects of developing mineral resources and to provide a comprehensive information terrace for the aftertime development of mineral enterprise.
引文
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[2] 陈述彭.数字地球百问[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[3] XuGuanhua. Building the digital earth, promoting China and global sustainable development[A]. Towards Digital Earth: Proc 1st Int Sym Digital Earth[C].Beijing: Science Press, 1999.6-10.
[4] 吴立新.数字地球、数字中国与数字矿区[J].矿山测量,2000(1):6-9.
[5] 于润沧.我国采矿业发展知识经济的战略思考[A].第六届全国采矿会议论文集[C].中国矿业(专集),1999:80-82
[6] 吴立新,刘纯波,牛木宣等.试论发展我国矿业地理信息系统的若干问题[J].矿山测量.1998(4):48-51.
[7] WuLX, LiuCB, ChenGR, etal. The research and development of networked Mining Core-GIS[A].Proc 2nd Int. WorkshoponDynamic And Multi-Dimensional GIS[C]. Beijing: Science Press, 1999.359-364.
[8] WuLX, YangKM, QiAW, etal. Information classification & management for MGI Sand digital mine[A]. Towards Digital Earth: Procof 1st Int SymonDE[C].Beijing: Science Press, 1999.999~1004.
[9] HuJX, WuLX, YingZR, etal. Study on digital mine and related key technologies[A]. Towards Digital Earth: Procof Int SymonDE[C].Beijing: Science Press, 1999.421~426.
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