兰坪盆地东缘SEDEX型铅锌矿床地质特征及成矿预测
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摘要
兰坪盆地是我国三江成矿区中重要的多金属成矿带之一,有着巨大的找矿前景。在盆地北部东缘维西-乔后断裂带附近的三合洞组灰岩中,产出了一系列中型铅锌矿,并具有很大的成矿远景。该区铅锌矿矿床成因类型还不确定,对其开展矿床成因的研究工作,可以为铅锌矿区域成矿规律和找矿预测提供理论依据,意义重大。本文通过对盆地东缘青甸湾-菜子地铅锌矿床的资料收集整理、野外实地考察、光薄片显微镜鉴定、电子探针分析、稳定同位素分析、矿石及矿物的微量稀土元素分析,取得了如下重要认识：
1.青甸湾-菜子地铅锌矿主矿体呈层状,似层状或透镜状赋存于上三叠统三合洞组灰岩中,严格受到地层的控制。样品中发现了大量的反映同生沉积的标志如：纹层构造、条纹条带构造、黄铁矿条带软沉积构造、黄铁矿草莓状结构、黄铁矿胶状构造、闪锌矿同心环状构造等。
2.青甸湾矿床手标本和光薄片镜下观察发现硫化物均为细粒产出,反映了快速沉积的特点。矿物组合简单,具体为闪锌矿+方铅矿+黄铁矿+毒砂+白云石+方解石+重晶石+石英。对硫化物电子探针成分分析发现,闪锌矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿成分标型都反映热水了沉积成因的特征。
3.青甸湾矿床S同位素组成,δ34S‰值的变化范围为3.7-10‰,极差仅为6.3‰,平均值为6.55‰(N=14),反映硫来自于海水硫酸盐的无机还原。矿石和矿物稀土元素组成：稀土总量低,LREE富集并有明显的Eu正异常,反映了喷流沉积的特征。
4.综合对比了青甸湾-菜子地矿床与MVT和SEDEX矿床的特征,初步认为青甸湾-菜子地矿床为喷流沉积型(SEDEX)矿床。
5.根据SEDEX矿床产出特征,提取出盆地三合洞组分布情况,结合盆地内地球化学异常,划分出具有Pb-Zn异常组合的三合洞组分布区,作为找矿远景区。
Lanping Basin is one of the most important polymetallic Deposit zones in "Sanjiang" metallog enic belt,China. there is great potential for exploration. Sanhedong Group limestone which is near the Weixi-Qiaohou fault at the north eastern margin of the Lanping basin, output of a series of medium-sized Pb-Zn deposits, and mineralization has great vision. Genesis type of the lead-zin c deposits in the area is uncertain, Research work for the genesis of these Pb-Zn deposit is very i mportant,which can provide a theoretical basis for regional metallogenic regularity and exploratory forecast. Based on the field investigation of Qingdianwan-Caizidi Pb-Zn deposits, and the data coll ection and analyzed indoor, microscope identification of slices, electron microprobe analysis, stable isotope analysis and trace rare earth elements in ore and mineral analysis,The writer obtain the foll owing conclusions:
1. The main ore bodies of Qingdianwan-Caizid Pb-Zn deposits are layered, stratiform or lentic ular in the Upper Sanhedong Group limestone, strictly contr-olled by the formation. A large numbe r of typical signs of the synsedimentary deposit are founded such as:laminated structure,striped b and structure, the soft sedimentary pyrite band structure, strawberry-like structure,colloidal structure of pyrite, sphalerite concentric structure et al.
2. Sulfide in the hand specimen and slices are fine-grained reflecting the characteristics of ra pid deposition. Mineral composition is simple.There are sphalerite +galena+pyrite+arsenopyrite+dolo mite+calcite+barite+quartz. Components of the electron microprobe analysis of sulfide, sphalerite, p yrite, galena compositional types reflect the characteristics of sedimentary origin.
3. S isotopic compositions of Qingdianwan depositsδ34S‰values range from 3.7～10‰, range of only 6.3‰, an average of 6.55‰(N= 14), and sulfur mainly from the inorganic redu ction of seawater sulfate. REE composition of ores and minerals:low total REE, LREE enrichment and positive Eu anomalies,reflecting the characteristics of Sedimentary Exhalative Deposit.
4. comprehensive comparison of the Qingdianwan-Caizidi deposits to MVT and SEDEX deposi-ts educe that Qingdianwan-Caizidi Pb-Zndeposit is Sedimentary Exhalative Deposit.
5. According to SEDEX mineralization characteristics, extracted Sanhedong group from the dis tribution of basin, combine to geochemical anomalies within the basin, carved out of a combinatio n of Pb-Zn anomalies Sanhedong groups are distributed, as prospecting areas.
1.青甸湾-菜子地铅锌矿主矿体呈层状,似层状或透镜状赋存于上三叠统三合洞组灰岩中,严格受到地层的控制。样品中发现了大量的反映同生沉积的标志如：纹层构造、条纹条带构造、黄铁矿条带软沉积构造、黄铁矿草莓状结构、黄铁矿胶状构造、闪锌矿同心环状构造等。
2.青甸湾矿床手标本和光薄片镜下观察发现硫化物均为细粒产出,反映了快速沉积的特点。矿物组合简单,具体为闪锌矿+方铅矿+黄铁矿+毒砂+白云石+方解石+重晶石+石英。对硫化物电子探针成分分析发现,闪锌矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿成分标型都反映热水了沉积成因的特征。
3.青甸湾矿床S同位素组成,δ34S‰值的变化范围为3.7-10‰,极差仅为6.3‰,平均值为6.55‰(N=14),反映硫来自于海水硫酸盐的无机还原。矿石和矿物稀土元素组成：稀土总量低,LREE富集并有明显的Eu正异常,反映了喷流沉积的特征。
4.综合对比了青甸湾-菜子地矿床与MVT和SEDEX矿床的特征,初步认为青甸湾-菜子地矿床为喷流沉积型(SEDEX)矿床。
5.根据SEDEX矿床产出特征,提取出盆地三合洞组分布情况,结合盆地内地球化学异常,划分出具有Pb-Zn异常组合的三合洞组分布区,作为找矿远景区。
Lanping Basin is one of the most important polymetallic Deposit zones in "Sanjiang" metallog enic belt,China. there is great potential for exploration. Sanhedong Group limestone which is near the Weixi-Qiaohou fault at the north eastern margin of the Lanping basin, output of a series of medium-sized Pb-Zn deposits, and mineralization has great vision. Genesis type of the lead-zin c deposits in the area is uncertain, Research work for the genesis of these Pb-Zn deposit is very i mportant,which can provide a theoretical basis for regional metallogenic regularity and exploratory forecast. Based on the field investigation of Qingdianwan-Caizidi Pb-Zn deposits, and the data coll ection and analyzed indoor, microscope identification of slices, electron microprobe analysis, stable isotope analysis and trace rare earth elements in ore and mineral analysis,The writer obtain the foll owing conclusions:
1. The main ore bodies of Qingdianwan-Caizid Pb-Zn deposits are layered, stratiform or lentic ular in the Upper Sanhedong Group limestone, strictly contr-olled by the formation. A large numbe r of typical signs of the synsedimentary deposit are founded such as:laminated structure,striped b and structure, the soft sedimentary pyrite band structure, strawberry-like structure,colloidal structure of pyrite, sphalerite concentric structure et al.
2. Sulfide in the hand specimen and slices are fine-grained reflecting the characteristics of ra pid deposition. Mineral composition is simple.There are sphalerite +galena+pyrite+arsenopyrite+dolo mite+calcite+barite+quartz. Components of the electron microprobe analysis of sulfide, sphalerite, p yrite, galena compositional types reflect the characteristics of sedimentary origin.
3. S isotopic compositions of Qingdianwan depositsδ34S‰values range from 3.7～10‰, range of only 6.3‰, an average of 6.55‰(N= 14), and sulfur mainly from the inorganic redu ction of seawater sulfate. REE composition of ores and minerals:low total REE, LREE enrichment and positive Eu anomalies,reflecting the characteristics of Sedimentary Exhalative Deposit.
4. comprehensive comparison of the Qingdianwan-Caizidi deposits to MVT and SEDEX deposi-ts educe that Qingdianwan-Caizidi Pb-Zndeposit is Sedimentary Exhalative Deposit.
5. According to SEDEX mineralization characteristics, extracted Sanhedong group from the dis tribution of basin, combine to geochemical anomalies within the basin, carved out of a combinatio n of Pb-Zn anomalies Sanhedong groups are distributed, as prospecting areas.
引文
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