一株溶藻菌株和一株聚藻菌株的分离鉴定及除藻特性研究
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摘要
近年来,随着水体的富营养化程度加剧,蓝藻水华频频发生,中国有很多湖泊和水系都面临微囊藻毒素泛滥问题。而目前却没有一种比较成熟有效的控制水华和赤潮的方法。本文主要针对目前水华和赤潮有效控制技术的空白为研究的切入点,研究除藻菌株对微藻的控制,为水华和赤潮的控制提供一种新的技术。
国内外关于菌株除藻的研究并不多,目前报道的除藻菌株主要是指溶藻菌株。相关研究主要集中在溶藻菌株的分离鉴定以及溶藻物质的归类,关于溶藻菌株的溶藻机理研究甚少,并且均为猜测。关于聚藻菌株的研究,迄今为止,还没有相关报道。
笔者从武汉某湖泊中和松花江底泥中分别分离出一株具有溶藻作用的菌株W4和一株具有聚藻作用的菌株T12。研究了W4菌株的溶藻效果、溶藻方式、及铜绿微囊藻与W4菌株所处生长期对溶藻效果的影响,并对溶藻菌株进行了生理生化鉴定。同时也研究了T12菌株的聚藻效果、聚藻方式、铜绿微囊藻与T12菌株所处生长期对聚藻效果的影响以及T12菌株对铜绿微囊藻的抑制效果。并对T12菌株进行了生理生化与16SrDNA分子鉴定。
结果表明,溶藻菌株W4对铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻具有很好的溶解效果。加入特定量的W4菌株培养液,铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻的去除率可以达到99.5%(浓度计,8d)和96.5%(叶绿素a含量计,6d)。W4菌株通过间接作用方式溶解铜绿微囊藻,并且该菌株分泌的溶藻活性物质为非蛋白质类物质。菌株W4对铜绿微囊藻的溶解作用受藻细胞所处的生长期影响,但不受该菌株所处的生长期影响。根据形态特征及生理生化试验,初步鉴定W4菌株为链霉菌属。
聚藻菌株T12对铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻具有很好的凝聚效果。加入一定量的稳定期菌株T12培养液,铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻藻液态主体的藻细胞去除率,在2d后分别可以达到92.5%(浓度计)和99.2%(叶绿素a含量计)。虽然菌株T12对铜绿微囊藻有很好的凝聚作用,却几乎没有抑制作用。菌株T12只有通过与铜绿微囊藻细胞直接接触才能发生聚藻作用。铜绿微囊藻细胞所处生长期对菌株T12的聚藻效果影响显著,T12菌株所处生长期对其聚藻效果影响微弱。根据16SrDNA分子鉴定及生理生化鉴定为根癌土壤杆菌。
More and more lakes are facing the problems of uncontrolled microcystin, while eutrophication aggravates and algal blooms occur frequently. But there still lacks an efficient method to control algal blooms so far. This paper investigated bacterial methods to control algal growth, which could provide a new way to prevent blooms and red tides.
So far, there haven’t been too many papers about algae-removing bacteria, all the algae-removing bacteria reported were algicidal bacteria. Researches on algicidal bacteria mainly focused on the isolations and identifications of algicidal bacteria and classifications of algicidal substances. There were still few studies on algicidal mechanism, which were all presumed in those papers. In addition, there have been no reports about coagulable bacteria up to now.
An algae-lysing bacterium W4 and coagulable bacterium T12 were isolated from a lake in Wuhan and SongHuajiang River separately. The algicidal effect and the way of bacterium W4 lysing Microcystis aeruginosa were discussed in this paper. In addition, the influences of the bacterial and algal growth phase on algicidal effect were also investigated. Bacterium W4 was identified by its physiological-biochemical characteristics. Meanwhile, the coagulation effect and the way of bacterium T12 coagulating Microcystis aeruginosa and also the influences of algal and bacterial growth phase on algal coagulation effect were studied, as well as the algicidal effect of bacterium T12. The bacterium T12 was identified by physiological-biochemical characteristics and Molecular Identification.
The results showed that bacterium W4 had an excellent algicidal effect that 99.5% of Microcystis aeruginosa were removed after 8 days and 96.5% of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were removed after 6 days by adding proper bacterial culture. The bacterium W4 lysed Microcystis aeruginosa indirectly and the active algicidal substances were non-proteins. The algicidal effect was influenced by the algal growth phase rather than the bacterial growth phase. Bacterium W4 was identified as Streptomyces sp. according to its morphological and physiological- biochemical characteristics.
The coagulable bacterium T12 had a strong effect to coagulate alga that 92.5% of Microcystis aeruginosa were removed from the main liquid and 99.2% of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were removed from the main liquid by adding proper bacterial culture after 2 days. Although the bacterium T12 had a good effect to coagulate Microcystis aeruginosa, it had no algicidal effect on Microcystis aeruginosa. The algal growth phase influenced the coagulation effect obviously while the bacterial growth phase faintly. Bacterium T12 was identified as Agribacterium tumefaciens according to its morphological and physiological-biochemical characteristics and 16SrDNA sequence analysis.
国内外关于菌株除藻的研究并不多,目前报道的除藻菌株主要是指溶藻菌株。相关研究主要集中在溶藻菌株的分离鉴定以及溶藻物质的归类,关于溶藻菌株的溶藻机理研究甚少,并且均为猜测。关于聚藻菌株的研究,迄今为止,还没有相关报道。
笔者从武汉某湖泊中和松花江底泥中分别分离出一株具有溶藻作用的菌株W4和一株具有聚藻作用的菌株T12。研究了W4菌株的溶藻效果、溶藻方式、及铜绿微囊藻与W4菌株所处生长期对溶藻效果的影响,并对溶藻菌株进行了生理生化鉴定。同时也研究了T12菌株的聚藻效果、聚藻方式、铜绿微囊藻与T12菌株所处生长期对聚藻效果的影响以及T12菌株对铜绿微囊藻的抑制效果。并对T12菌株进行了生理生化与16SrDNA分子鉴定。
结果表明,溶藻菌株W4对铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻具有很好的溶解效果。加入特定量的W4菌株培养液,铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻的去除率可以达到99.5%(浓度计,8d)和96.5%(叶绿素a含量计,6d)。W4菌株通过间接作用方式溶解铜绿微囊藻,并且该菌株分泌的溶藻活性物质为非蛋白质类物质。菌株W4对铜绿微囊藻的溶解作用受藻细胞所处的生长期影响,但不受该菌株所处的生长期影响。根据形态特征及生理生化试验,初步鉴定W4菌株为链霉菌属。
聚藻菌株T12对铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻具有很好的凝聚效果。加入一定量的稳定期菌株T12培养液,铜绿微囊藻和水华束丝藻藻液态主体的藻细胞去除率,在2d后分别可以达到92.5%(浓度计)和99.2%(叶绿素a含量计)。虽然菌株T12对铜绿微囊藻有很好的凝聚作用,却几乎没有抑制作用。菌株T12只有通过与铜绿微囊藻细胞直接接触才能发生聚藻作用。铜绿微囊藻细胞所处生长期对菌株T12的聚藻效果影响显著,T12菌株所处生长期对其聚藻效果影响微弱。根据16SrDNA分子鉴定及生理生化鉴定为根癌土壤杆菌。
More and more lakes are facing the problems of uncontrolled microcystin, while eutrophication aggravates and algal blooms occur frequently. But there still lacks an efficient method to control algal blooms so far. This paper investigated bacterial methods to control algal growth, which could provide a new way to prevent blooms and red tides.
So far, there haven’t been too many papers about algae-removing bacteria, all the algae-removing bacteria reported were algicidal bacteria. Researches on algicidal bacteria mainly focused on the isolations and identifications of algicidal bacteria and classifications of algicidal substances. There were still few studies on algicidal mechanism, which were all presumed in those papers. In addition, there have been no reports about coagulable bacteria up to now.
An algae-lysing bacterium W4 and coagulable bacterium T12 were isolated from a lake in Wuhan and SongHuajiang River separately. The algicidal effect and the way of bacterium W4 lysing Microcystis aeruginosa were discussed in this paper. In addition, the influences of the bacterial and algal growth phase on algicidal effect were also investigated. Bacterium W4 was identified by its physiological-biochemical characteristics. Meanwhile, the coagulation effect and the way of bacterium T12 coagulating Microcystis aeruginosa and also the influences of algal and bacterial growth phase on algal coagulation effect were studied, as well as the algicidal effect of bacterium T12. The bacterium T12 was identified by physiological-biochemical characteristics and Molecular Identification.
The results showed that bacterium W4 had an excellent algicidal effect that 99.5% of Microcystis aeruginosa were removed after 8 days and 96.5% of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were removed after 6 days by adding proper bacterial culture. The bacterium W4 lysed Microcystis aeruginosa indirectly and the active algicidal substances were non-proteins. The algicidal effect was influenced by the algal growth phase rather than the bacterial growth phase. Bacterium W4 was identified as Streptomyces sp. according to its morphological and physiological- biochemical characteristics.
The coagulable bacterium T12 had a strong effect to coagulate alga that 92.5% of Microcystis aeruginosa were removed from the main liquid and 99.2% of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were removed from the main liquid by adding proper bacterial culture after 2 days. Although the bacterium T12 had a good effect to coagulate Microcystis aeruginosa, it had no algicidal effect on Microcystis aeruginosa. The algal growth phase influenced the coagulation effect obviously while the bacterial growth phase faintly. Bacterium T12 was identified as Agribacterium tumefaciens according to its morphological and physiological-biochemical characteristics and 16SrDNA sequence analysis.
引文
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