韩琦年谱
摘要
韩琦(1008—1075),字稚圭,相州安阳人(今河南安阳)。北宋中期著名的政治家、军事家、诗人。生于宋真宗大中祥符元年,宋仁宗天圣五年进士第二。当年通判淄州,从此踏上仕途,历任开封府推官、右司谏、利益路体量安抚使。康定元年春,西边方用兵。仁宗任命韩琦为陕西安抚使安抚陕西,从此开始了他的军事生涯。在此后三年多的时间里,他和范仲淹一起负起了抗击西夏入侵的任务,最后迫使元昊请和。到庆历三年三月,韩琦被调回中央任枢密副使。此后范仲淹,富弼开始了“庆历新政”,韩琦是新政的参与者和有力的支持者。不久又被派往陕西。庆历五年,范仲淹领导的“新政”失败。韩琦也请求外任。三月被任命知扬州。庆历七年五月移郓州。十二月,除知真定府。八年四月任定州路安抚使、都总管、知定州。皇祐五年正月,拜武康军节度使、河东路经略安抚使、知并州。至和二年二月,因病移知乡郡相州至至和三年七月。从庆历五年三月(1045)到至和三年七月(1056)。韩琦在任地方知州达十二年。十二年中以定州五年政绩最著,其次是并州。在此韩琦安定地方、发展生产、大搞文化建设。其为政理念是“追显忠义,为政所先。”定并二州七年政绩,为以后入主中书,积攒了足够政治资本(当时称人望)和宝贵的从政经验。从至和三年八月接替狄青任枢密使,嘉祐三年六月任集贤殿大学士(次相),嘉祐六年八月(1061)迁昭文馆大学士(政府首相),到宋英宗治平四年九月辞去相位,总共做了六年零一个月的首相,三年零二个月的次相,二年整的枢密使。枢密使亦称枢相。韩琦这次在中央的时间为十一年零三个月。这十一年是韩琦大有作为的十一年。特别是在六年首相期间,经过韩琦以及同时欧阳修、范镇、司马光等人的努力,先后立英宗、神宗父子二人为帝。立英宗之后又要调和两宫矛盾、敦促光献太后还政英宗,还政之后,又有“濮议”之争。在这一系列事件中,韩琦总在关键时刻起了决定性的作用,使宋朝廷没有出现历代权力交接过程中出现的乱政现象。这是韩琦为相事业的顶峰。治平四年十一月,由于西边磨察。韩琦又被以判永兴军兼陕西路经略安抚使派往陕西,处理边疆事务。熙宁元年七月(1068),以“处置为执政沮难,不得如志,边事向宁,以疾求罢。……诏复知相州。”居相州仅仅七个月,熙宁二年二月,因为“地震河朔,,涉秋冬未止,川防溃决,里民流离……。”神宗又派韩琦判大名、充河北路安抚使。熙宁三年获准只充大名府路安抚使。到熙宁六年二月(1073),移判相州。韩琦在大名的四年除了安定地方,备边河北之外,人们所知最多的就是反对王安石变法。主要是反对青苗法弊端和新法执行过程中朝令夕改的混乱情况。熙宁八年六月二十四日(1075)薨于相州之正寝。享年六十八岁。韩琦在当时不以文学知名。然而他的《仁宗哀册文》传诵天下。许多诗篇为后人集子收录,一些诗句做为诗话流传下来。留存至今的作品有《安阳集》五十卷。二十一卷诗(包括一卷《挽词》)。二十九卷文。文有骈文和散文两大类。与韩琦交往密切的人物有范仲淹、欧阳修、杜衍、王尧臣、尹洙、富弼、曾公亮、王安石、司马光、范镇、文彦博、王素、蔡襄、狄青、庞籍、强至等。他们之中大多数人。不但当时是名公巨卿,在整个历史上都有一定的文化地位。
本年谱收集韩琦生平事迹、交游,并加以考辨,做了以下几方面的研究：
一、基本理清了谱主的生平行迹,对一些历来论述欠详的问题加以辨释和补正。
二、对谱主生平交游进行搜集考证,在此基础上将与谱主有关之人的生平加以梳理。
三、对谱主的部分诗文进行系年。
本年谱共分两个部分：
一、凡例：以说明年谱编排的体例和原则。
二、年谱：正文按年编排谱主生平行迹,注释加以举证说明,考误辨疑。
Han Qi (1008-1075), style Gui Zhi, is from Anyang,henan.He isThe North Song Dynasty statesman, military strategist and poet. Born in the first year of Emperor Song Dazhong Xiangfu, Renzong day Saint Scholars five years, were in the second. Zi then pass sentence states, and set her career, served to push officials Kaifeng, right Sagan, An Fushi in the Li and Yi of road. Kangding first year of spring, the west side use of troops. As An An Fushi in the appointment of Shaanxi, Han Qi began his military career. Over the next three years time,He and Fan Zhongyan had taken the fight against Western Xia task of the invasion, and finally forced the Yuanhao please. In three years to March Qingli, Han Qi was transferred back to the central office as vice-senator to.From then on. Zhongyan And FU Bi launched a political reform named the "New Deal"in chiniese history.Han Qi is the New Deal participants and strong supporters. Soon afterhe was sent to Shaanxi again. The "New Deal'led by Fan Zhongyan failed in Qingli five. Han Qi also asked the outsiders and was appointed in March to Yangzhou as a governor.He shifted Yun state in May Qingli seven.he is in office in zhending state in december, As An Fushi In Dingzhou Road in April qingli eight, He had hold a post and all explorer,governor in Dingzhou. In January Huang You five years,As Wu Kangjun Jiedushi,An Fushi slightly east of the river path a governor in bingzhou.Han Qi had gone to bingzhou (now the city of Taiyuan in shanxi province).And In February Zhihe two, becase of illness,he had been to the county town xiangzhou as a governor.he lived in xiangzhou From februaryZhihe two to July. From March Qingli five years (1045) to July zhihe three year (1056). Han Qi had been to in office in states for twelve year. Especialy In Dingzhou for five years the great achievements was taken, Second the bingzhou state. Han Qian place in this setting, the development of production, vigorously culture. The idea is for the government "to recover significant loyalty, the first for the government." For Seven yearstates he had obtained great performance in Dingzhou And Bingzhou, and second, entered in The central government for the future, the accumulation of sufficient political capital (then known as people look) and the valuable political experience. And in August Zhihethree year as senator to succeed Di Qing.Han Qi start in a new job which is Mandarin Palace scholar(second phase).on August Jiayou three (1061) moved to Zhao Wen-phase (Prime Minister). Han Qi resigned from the position of the Prime minister in September Emperor Yingzong of Song Zhiping four. Total for six years and one month of the Prime Minister, three years and two months of the second phase, the senator made the whole two years. So also known as the hub senator phase. Han Qi had been to the central government for the ten year and three month. This is the eleventh year of Han Qi promising. Especially as the prime minister six year after, and while Han Qi Ouyang Xiu, Fan Zhen, Sima Guang, who's efforts, has established Yingzong, Shenzong his father and sonas emperor. Liang Gong Li Hidemune reconcile after conflicts but also to urge the Queen Mother also offer political Yingzong light, but also government after another, "Pu discussion" of the dispute. In this series of events, Han Qi always played a decisive role in the moment of the Song court no power transfer occurs during the political chaos phenomenon. This is the pinnacle of Han Qi for the phase. In November Zhiping four years, due to west of the mill police. As An Fushi Yongxin in the military and sentenced Han Qi has been to sent to Shanxi, Shaanxi, handling border issues. In July Xining first year (1068), due to "dispose of the ruling disheartened by difficulties, not such as blogs, to the side of things rather to seek strike illness.......HanQi had been to the governor of xiangzhou state again." Ranking relative to the state just seven months, XiningⅡFebruary, because of'the earthquake Heshuo, involving not only the fall and winter, river anti-break, to local citizens, displaced......." Han Qi also had been sent to daming as a daming charged and Hebei Road An Fushi by song shenzong. Xining three years, Darning Fu Road An Fushi allowed to charge only. In February Xining six year (1073), Han Qihad been to be in office as governor third. Han Qi hold a postin in hebei for four year in addition to stability, maintenance side of Hebei, the people know the most is opposed to Political Reform lanuched by wang Anshi. Main drawbacks, and the new law against Green Shoots Law frequent change during the execution of the confusion. Xining eight June 24 (1075) death of a prince is in the xiangzhou state of sleep. At the age of sixty-eight-year-old. Han Qi-known at the time not to literature. However, his "Ren zong sorrow text book paper," widely read world. Collection included many poems for future generations, handed down a number of poems as Poetry. Retained since the works of "Anyang set" fifty volumes. Twenty-volume poetry (including a roll of "pull the word"). Twenty-nine volume text. Man has two kinds of prose and essays. Close contacts with the Han Qi figure boasts an, Ouyang Xiu, Tu Yen, Yao-Chen, Yin-soo, FU Bi, who has publicly Liang, Wang, Sima Guang, Fan Zhen, Wen Yanbo, Wang Su, Cai Xiang, Di Qing, Pang membership, strong to the other. Most of them. Not only was the name of the public Juqing, throughout history, have a certain cultural status.
The chronicle biography tries to collect the date of Han Qi's life and experience as well as related historical materials, in order to sort out, verify and make a textual research of them finally. The main studies are as follows:
Ⅰ. Basically sorting the chronology of Du jun's life and experience, and having made some explanations and proof reading about some non-detailed or ambiguous issues.
Ⅱ. Making some collection and verification on Du jun's social intercourse, and others related experience of his mentor and friends as well.
Ⅲ. Making sure the time of writing of Du jun's part work.
The chronicle biography is divided into following two parts:
Ⅰ. The common examples:Making some explanation toward examplications and principles of listing.
Ⅱ. The chronicle biography:Making the chronicle by list Du jun's life and experience, and writing the items following the outlines to make detail comments.
本年谱收集韩琦生平事迹、交游,并加以考辨,做了以下几方面的研究：
一、基本理清了谱主的生平行迹,对一些历来论述欠详的问题加以辨释和补正。
二、对谱主生平交游进行搜集考证,在此基础上将与谱主有关之人的生平加以梳理。
三、对谱主的部分诗文进行系年。
本年谱共分两个部分：
一、凡例：以说明年谱编排的体例和原则。
二、年谱：正文按年编排谱主生平行迹,注释加以举证说明,考误辨疑。
Han Qi (1008-1075), style Gui Zhi, is from Anyang,henan.He isThe North Song Dynasty statesman, military strategist and poet. Born in the first year of Emperor Song Dazhong Xiangfu, Renzong day Saint Scholars five years, were in the second. Zi then pass sentence states, and set her career, served to push officials Kaifeng, right Sagan, An Fushi in the Li and Yi of road. Kangding first year of spring, the west side use of troops. As An An Fushi in the appointment of Shaanxi, Han Qi began his military career. Over the next three years time,He and Fan Zhongyan had taken the fight against Western Xia task of the invasion, and finally forced the Yuanhao please. In three years to March Qingli, Han Qi was transferred back to the central office as vice-senator to.From then on. Zhongyan And FU Bi launched a political reform named the "New Deal"in chiniese history.Han Qi is the New Deal participants and strong supporters. Soon afterhe was sent to Shaanxi again. The "New Deal'led by Fan Zhongyan failed in Qingli five. Han Qi also asked the outsiders and was appointed in March to Yangzhou as a governor.He shifted Yun state in May Qingli seven.he is in office in zhending state in december, As An Fushi In Dingzhou Road in April qingli eight, He had hold a post and all explorer,governor in Dingzhou. In January Huang You five years,As Wu Kangjun Jiedushi,An Fushi slightly east of the river path a governor in bingzhou.Han Qi had gone to bingzhou (now the city of Taiyuan in shanxi province).And In February Zhihe two, becase of illness,he had been to the county town xiangzhou as a governor.he lived in xiangzhou From februaryZhihe two to July. From March Qingli five years (1045) to July zhihe three year (1056). Han Qi had been to in office in states for twelve year. Especialy In Dingzhou for five years the great achievements was taken, Second the bingzhou state. Han Qian place in this setting, the development of production, vigorously culture. The idea is for the government "to recover significant loyalty, the first for the government." For Seven yearstates he had obtained great performance in Dingzhou And Bingzhou, and second, entered in The central government for the future, the accumulation of sufficient political capital (then known as people look) and the valuable political experience. And in August Zhihethree year as senator to succeed Di Qing.Han Qi start in a new job which is Mandarin Palace scholar(second phase).on August Jiayou three (1061) moved to Zhao Wen-phase (Prime Minister). Han Qi resigned from the position of the Prime minister in September Emperor Yingzong of Song Zhiping four. Total for six years and one month of the Prime Minister, three years and two months of the second phase, the senator made the whole two years. So also known as the hub senator phase. Han Qi had been to the central government for the ten year and three month. This is the eleventh year of Han Qi promising. Especially as the prime minister six year after, and while Han Qi Ouyang Xiu, Fan Zhen, Sima Guang, who's efforts, has established Yingzong, Shenzong his father and sonas emperor. Liang Gong Li Hidemune reconcile after conflicts but also to urge the Queen Mother also offer political Yingzong light, but also government after another, "Pu discussion" of the dispute. In this series of events, Han Qi always played a decisive role in the moment of the Song court no power transfer occurs during the political chaos phenomenon. This is the pinnacle of Han Qi for the phase. In November Zhiping four years, due to west of the mill police. As An Fushi Yongxin in the military and sentenced Han Qi has been to sent to Shanxi, Shaanxi, handling border issues. In July Xining first year (1068), due to "dispose of the ruling disheartened by difficulties, not such as blogs, to the side of things rather to seek strike illness.......HanQi had been to the governor of xiangzhou state again." Ranking relative to the state just seven months, XiningⅡFebruary, because of'the earthquake Heshuo, involving not only the fall and winter, river anti-break, to local citizens, displaced......." Han Qi also had been sent to daming as a daming charged and Hebei Road An Fushi by song shenzong. Xining three years, Darning Fu Road An Fushi allowed to charge only. In February Xining six year (1073), Han Qihad been to be in office as governor third. Han Qi hold a postin in hebei for four year in addition to stability, maintenance side of Hebei, the people know the most is opposed to Political Reform lanuched by wang Anshi. Main drawbacks, and the new law against Green Shoots Law frequent change during the execution of the confusion. Xining eight June 24 (1075) death of a prince is in the xiangzhou state of sleep. At the age of sixty-eight-year-old. Han Qi-known at the time not to literature. However, his "Ren zong sorrow text book paper," widely read world. Collection included many poems for future generations, handed down a number of poems as Poetry. Retained since the works of "Anyang set" fifty volumes. Twenty-volume poetry (including a roll of "pull the word"). Twenty-nine volume text. Man has two kinds of prose and essays. Close contacts with the Han Qi figure boasts an, Ouyang Xiu, Tu Yen, Yao-Chen, Yin-soo, FU Bi, who has publicly Liang, Wang, Sima Guang, Fan Zhen, Wen Yanbo, Wang Su, Cai Xiang, Di Qing, Pang membership, strong to the other. Most of them. Not only was the name of the public Juqing, throughout history, have a certain cultural status.
The chronicle biography tries to collect the date of Han Qi's life and experience as well as related historical materials, in order to sort out, verify and make a textual research of them finally. The main studies are as follows:
Ⅰ. Basically sorting the chronology of Du jun's life and experience, and having made some explanations and proof reading about some non-detailed or ambiguous issues.
Ⅱ. Making some collection and verification on Du jun's social intercourse, and others related experience of his mentor and friends as well.
Ⅲ. Making sure the time of writing of Du jun's part work.
The chronicle biography is divided into following two parts:
Ⅰ. The common examples:Making some explanation toward examplications and principles of listing.
Ⅱ. The chronicle biography:Making the chronicle by list Du jun's life and experience, and writing the items following the outlines to make detail comments.
引文
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1、张尧均《韩琦与北宋中期政治》暨南大学2000年历史学硕士学位论文,
2、屠青《韩琦交游考略》郑州大学2003年文学硕士学位论文,
3、张彦霞《人际网络与士人仕宦》河北大学2004年历史学硕士学位论文,
4、董亚亚《韩琦与宋夏战争三题论述》山东大学2006年历史学硕士学位论文,
5、朱明堂、张寅训《北宋名相韩琦》,《中州今古》1990年第3期。
6、顾全芳《韩琦论》,《史学月刊》1991年第1期。
7、任崇佐《论北宋名相韩琦》,《固原师专学报》1992年第4期
8、郭文佳陈晓明《政绩卓著的北宋名臣韩琦》,《商丘师专报》1999年第五期
9、郭文佳彭学宝《从庆历新政和王安石变法看韩琦》,《殷都学刊》2000年第1期
10、郭琳《浅述韩琦的对夏政策》、《安徽师范大学学报》1999年第2期
11、张尧均《韩琦三次“还乡”判相州及其与当时的政治权利关系》,《中州学刊。2000年第3期》
12、郭文佳《论韩琦在御夏战争中的贡献》,《信阳师范学院报》2000年第2期
13、王曾瑜《宋朝相州韩氏家族》(宋史网站)
14、吕荷生《宋庆龄的祖籍在安阳》(《中州古今》)1994年第1期),
15、卫世平《漫谈韩琦及其后代》(《中州古今》2002年第5期)。
16、王志双《北宋名相韩琦在定州》,河北大学学报)2004年第2期
17、屠青《韩琦与王安石的交游考辨》,《殷都学刊》2005年第3期
18、焕力《宝元至庆历年间的范仲淹与韩琦》,《四川教育学院报》2007年1月第一期
19、崔富章 郭丽《<四库全书总目·韩魏公别录提要>补正》,《文献季刊》2007年7月第3期
20、何婵娟《嘉祐之治探因》,《钦州学院学报》2009年8月第4期
21、王彦永《北宋名相韩琦的文学创作初探》,《河南大学学报》社会科学版2007年9月第5期
22、张彦霞赵兴明《韩琦与其同年的交游考论》,《内江师范学院学报》2009年第24卷第3期。
23、张彦霞《论韩琦与其同僚集团的关系》(《安阳师范学院学报》2009年第3期
24、向有强《司马光事迹诗文系年》2010年广西师范大学文学硕士学位论文
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1、张尧均《韩琦与北宋中期政治》暨南大学2000年历史学硕士学位论文,
2、屠青《韩琦交游考略》郑州大学2003年文学硕士学位论文,
3、张彦霞《人际网络与士人仕宦》河北大学2004年历史学硕士学位论文,
4、董亚亚《韩琦与宋夏战争三题论述》山东大学2006年历史学硕士学位论文,
5、朱明堂、张寅训《北宋名相韩琦》,《中州今古》1990年第3期。
6、顾全芳《韩琦论》,《史学月刊》1991年第1期。
7、任崇佐《论北宋名相韩琦》,《固原师专学报》1992年第4期
8、郭文佳陈晓明《政绩卓著的北宋名臣韩琦》,《商丘师专报》1999年第五期
9、郭文佳彭学宝《从庆历新政和王安石变法看韩琦》,《殷都学刊》2000年第1期
10、郭琳《浅述韩琦的对夏政策》、《安徽师范大学学报》1999年第2期
11、张尧均《韩琦三次“还乡”判相州及其与当时的政治权利关系》,《中州学刊。2000年第3期》
12、郭文佳《论韩琦在御夏战争中的贡献》,《信阳师范学院报》2000年第2期
13、王曾瑜《宋朝相州韩氏家族》(宋史网站)
14、吕荷生《宋庆龄的祖籍在安阳》(《中州古今》)1994年第1期),
15、卫世平《漫谈韩琦及其后代》(《中州古今》2002年第5期)。
16、王志双《北宋名相韩琦在定州》,河北大学学报)2004年第2期
17、屠青《韩琦与王安石的交游考辨》,《殷都学刊》2005年第3期
18、焕力《宝元至庆历年间的范仲淹与韩琦》,《四川教育学院报》2007年1月第一期
19、崔富章 郭丽《<四库全书总目·韩魏公别录提要>补正》,《文献季刊》2007年7月第3期
20、何婵娟《嘉祐之治探因》,《钦州学院学报》2009年8月第4期
21、王彦永《北宋名相韩琦的文学创作初探》,《河南大学学报》社会科学版2007年9月第5期
22、张彦霞赵兴明《韩琦与其同年的交游考论》,《内江师范学院学报》2009年第24卷第3期。
23、张彦霞《论韩琦与其同僚集团的关系》(《安阳师范学院学报》2009年第3期
24、向有强《司马光事迹诗文系年》2010年广西师范大学文学硕士学位论文