风电轴承试验台监测及数据采集系统研究
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摘要
随着能源危机、环境污染以及生态破坏等问题越来越受到各国的广泛关注,我国也开始不遗余力地发展以风力发电为代表的新能源产业。大型风力发电机用轴承是大型风力发电设备中的重要组成部件,同时,其设计、制造、检测技术也是我国自主研发制造的风力发电设备向大型化、高功率、集群化发展所要攻克的关键技术与难点。因此,加强对大型风电轴承测试技术的研究、积累大型风力发电机用轴承试验台的设计制造经验、建立成熟的大型风电轴承测试理论体系对我国风力发电行业的发展十分重要。本文基于现有的风力发电轴承及其检测技术,针对1.5至3兆瓦以上的大型风力发电机用轴承测试平台的液压加载系统及控制策略、监测及数据采集系统和基于虚拟仪器的用户界面进行了研究与设计。
本文首先针对风力发电行业现状以及国内外发展形势进行了综述,介绍风电轴承测试平台的发展以及国内外已研制成功的测试平台,明确课题研究内容及目标。接着分析了测试对象,即偏航轴承的结构特点、工作条件以及失效方式,确定试验台对被测轴承加载的载荷种类以及载荷大小,进而提出几种液压加载系统方案,并选择其中的一种进行系统参数设计及计算。探讨了本试验台液压加载系统的控制策略,进行了操控系统的方案设计。继而对试验台需要采集的各个参量以及需要监测的各类数据进行了归纳与计算,据此对数据采集系统的硬件进行了选型配置。随后依照Lab VIEW程序开发流程,对试验台用户界面进行了需求分析、算法设计、模块划分以及程序编写。最后通过仿真以及单通道小系统试验对所编制的软件进行了运行测试。
本课题对大型风电轴承试验台液压加载方案及控制策略进行了深入研究,在labvIEW8.2的环境下对大型风电轴承试验台加载监测及数据采集系统的用户界面及软件部分进行了设计,为风电轴承测试系统的设计与搭建提供了可参考的资料。
With the energy crisis, environmental pollution and ecological destruction is increasingly subject to national attention, China make efforts to develop new energy industry such as wind power. Large-scale wind power bearing is one of important component parts of large-scale wind power generation equipment. And the design, manufacture, testing technology is key techniques and difficulties to overcome in the development of domestic wind power industry. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen domestic large-scale wind power bearing testing techniques, to accumulate experience of design and manufacturing large-scale wind power bearing test bed, and also to establish a mature theory system of large-scale wind power bearing test. This paper analyzed hydraulic loading system of large-scale wind power bearing test bed and designed data acquisition system and user monitor interfaces of the testing bed.
Both domestic and international development of wind power industry is reviewed. The development of wind power bearing test bed is summarized. Content and objectives of this paper are cleared. Then characteristic of yaw bearing, the test object, is analyzed. Target of the loading system is raised and several formula of hydraulic loading system are proposed One of the designs is selected and the parameters of it are calculated. The control strategy of hydraulic loading system is designed. Types of data that should be monitored and acquired are then summarized. Hardware of the Data Acquisition System is selected. Then target of user interface of the test bed is analized, algorithm of the interface program is designed, module of the program is divided. The program is written, tested and simulated in LabVIEW afterwards.
In this paper, hydraulic loading system and its control strategies of large-scale wind power bearing test bed is studied. Monitoring and data acquisition system of the test bed is designed. Program of user interface of the test bed is written in labvIEW8.2.This paper can provide valuable reference information for the design and manufacturing of large-scale wind power bearing test bed.
本文首先针对风力发电行业现状以及国内外发展形势进行了综述,介绍风电轴承测试平台的发展以及国内外已研制成功的测试平台,明确课题研究内容及目标。接着分析了测试对象,即偏航轴承的结构特点、工作条件以及失效方式,确定试验台对被测轴承加载的载荷种类以及载荷大小,进而提出几种液压加载系统方案,并选择其中的一种进行系统参数设计及计算。探讨了本试验台液压加载系统的控制策略,进行了操控系统的方案设计。继而对试验台需要采集的各个参量以及需要监测的各类数据进行了归纳与计算,据此对数据采集系统的硬件进行了选型配置。随后依照Lab VIEW程序开发流程,对试验台用户界面进行了需求分析、算法设计、模块划分以及程序编写。最后通过仿真以及单通道小系统试验对所编制的软件进行了运行测试。
本课题对大型风电轴承试验台液压加载方案及控制策略进行了深入研究,在labvIEW8.2的环境下对大型风电轴承试验台加载监测及数据采集系统的用户界面及软件部分进行了设计,为风电轴承测试系统的设计与搭建提供了可参考的资料。
With the energy crisis, environmental pollution and ecological destruction is increasingly subject to national attention, China make efforts to develop new energy industry such as wind power. Large-scale wind power bearing is one of important component parts of large-scale wind power generation equipment. And the design, manufacture, testing technology is key techniques and difficulties to overcome in the development of domestic wind power industry. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen domestic large-scale wind power bearing testing techniques, to accumulate experience of design and manufacturing large-scale wind power bearing test bed, and also to establish a mature theory system of large-scale wind power bearing test. This paper analyzed hydraulic loading system of large-scale wind power bearing test bed and designed data acquisition system and user monitor interfaces of the testing bed.
Both domestic and international development of wind power industry is reviewed. The development of wind power bearing test bed is summarized. Content and objectives of this paper are cleared. Then characteristic of yaw bearing, the test object, is analyzed. Target of the loading system is raised and several formula of hydraulic loading system are proposed One of the designs is selected and the parameters of it are calculated. The control strategy of hydraulic loading system is designed. Types of data that should be monitored and acquired are then summarized. Hardware of the Data Acquisition System is selected. Then target of user interface of the test bed is analized, algorithm of the interface program is designed, module of the program is divided. The program is written, tested and simulated in LabVIEW afterwards.
In this paper, hydraulic loading system and its control strategies of large-scale wind power bearing test bed is studied. Monitoring and data acquisition system of the test bed is designed. Program of user interface of the test bed is written in labvIEW8.2.This paper can provide valuable reference information for the design and manufacturing of large-scale wind power bearing test bed.
引文
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[35]霍仕环,刘德忠.PROFIBUS和WINCC在冲压自动线上的应用[J].机电一体化,2007,(05)
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[44]赵政春,邓曙光,谭跃.基于LABVIEW的数据采集与分析系统[J].计算机与数字工程,2010,(05).
[45]王淑芳,杜飞明.基于虚拟仪器的多通道数据采集与处理系统设计[J].机床与液压,2009,(08)
[46]徐小华,贺斌.基于LabVIEW的温湿度远程监测系统[J].昭通师范高等专科学校学报,2009,(05)
[47]徐圣龙.基于虚拟仪器的多通道数据采集分析系统[J].中国教育技术装备,2007,(02)
[48]周莉,潘旭峰.基于LabVIEW的主轴回转误差测试系统[J].上海电机学院学报,2009,(03)
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[2]高梁.风力发电机组控制技术的研究[D].西华大学,2008.
[3]李毅.变桨距变速风力发电机组的智能控制研究[D].西安电子科技大学,2007.
[4]王兵.我国风电设备的发展途径及建议[J].电器工业,2009,(01).
[5]风力发电：从欧洲“吹”向中国[J].农机市场,2004,(08).
[6]Leblanc Alexandre,Nelias Daniel. Ball Motion and Sliding Friction on a Four-contact Point Ball Bearing[J] Journal of Tribology,2007,129 (4):801-808.
[7]何洵.加快我国风力发电规模开发和利用势在必行[J].广东电力,2005,(07).
[8][5] Xia C L, Song Z F. Wind energy in China:current scenario and future perspectives [J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Re-views,2009,13 (8).
[9]传明,高学敏,芮晓明,刘衍平.我国风电产业发展中存在的问题与解决策略[J].中国能源,2006,(06).
[10]Kunc R,Prebil I. Numerical determination of carrying capacity of large rolling bearings [J] Journal of Materials ProcessingTechnology,2004,155～156 (6):1696～1703.
[11]戴赟.大型风力机变桨距电液控制研究[D].上海交通大学,2008.
[12]Hirani H. Root cause failure analysis of outer ring fracture of four-row cylindrical roller bearing[J].Tribology Trans-actions,2009,52 (2):180-190.
[13]Daidie A,Chaib Z,Ghosn A.3D simplified finite elements analysis of load and contact angle in a slewing ball bearing[J] Journal of Mechanical Design,2008,130 (8):2601-2608.
[14]程明,张运乾,张建忠.风力发电机发展现状及研究进展[J].电力科学与技术学报,2009,(03)
[15]彭俊荣.载重汽车变速箱寿命试验台测控系统的设计[D].华中科技大学,2008.
[16]王志新,张华强.风力发电技术与功率控制策略研究[J].自动化仪表,2008,(11).
[17]用标准提高风电设备国产化率——风力发电机轴承行业标准JB/T10705—2007介绍[J].现代零部件,2008,(06).
[18]王耀.风力发电机主动磁悬浮轴承系统的研究[D].兰州理工大学,2009.
[19]陈龙,杜宏武,武建柯,王玲.风力发电机用轴承简述[J].轴承,2008,(12).
[20]风之“轴承”[J].电气制造,2009,(02).
[21]杨晓蔚.风电产业、风电设备及风电轴承[J].轴承,2009,(12).
[22]周飞.水平轴风力发电机偏航轴承的性能分析与研究[D].华北电力大学(北京),2009.
[23]韩永茂.偏航轴承的生产工艺研究[J].建筑机械化,2003,(02).
[24]李言,朱亮,肖继明,李淑娟.兆瓦级风电偏航轴承沟道结构设计和寿命研究[J].中国机械工程,2011,(02).
[25]屈圭.并网风力发电机偏航传动装置设计分析[J].现代制造工程,2009,(07)
[26]风力发电机专用轴承技术概述[J].电气制造,2009,(02)
[27]武东卫.52MN定向刨花板热压机液压系统工作原理[J].中国人造板,2007,(02)
[28]李明.ROV与水下作业机具液压管路对接装置的研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学,2009
[29]王春行.液压控制系统.北京：机械工业出版社,1995.
[30]王思明,许明恒,史小辉.两类转盘轴承的力学性能对比分析[J].中国工程机械学报,2010,(01)
[31]戴巨川,胡燕平,刘德顺,龙辛.MW级变桨距风电机组叶片转矩计算与特性分析[J].太阳能学报,2010,(08)
[32]王积伟,章宏甲,黄谊.液压传动.北京：机械工业出版社,2006.
[33]郑兰疆,李彦,赵武,杨丕珠.大型回转轴承的承载性能分析[J].机械设计与研究,2008,(02)
[34]常斗南.PLC运动控制实例及解析：西门子.北京：机械工业出版社,2009.
[35]霍仕环,刘德忠.PROFIBUS和WINCC在冲压自动线上的应用[J].机电一体化,2007,(05)
[36]西门子S7-300系列PLC系列手册.
[37]陈文祥.采用S7-300型西门子PLC实现缅甸冷库全自动控制.制冷与空调,2002年12,2(6)：
[38]陈书旺,张秀清,董建彬等.传感器应用及电路设计.北京：化学工业出版社,2008.
[39]马家驹,蒋兴奇,王新庆.测量轴承振动加速度的传感器系统分析与设计[J].自动化仪表,1989,(09)
[40]蒋兴奇,马家驹.轴承振动加速度传感器系统的频响特性[J].轴承,1988,(05).
[41]刘彬,杨海马,刘瑾.轧机接轴动态扭矩测量及反馈控制模型的研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(05).
[42]Li Yunfei,Chen Chengqin. Research and Implementation of Virtual Instruments Based on Agent Technology[C].The 2nd International Conference on Autonomous Robots and Agents (ICARA 2004).2004,12.
[43]陈锡辉,张银鸿LabVIEW8.20程序设计从入门到精通.北京：清华大学出版社,2007.
[44]赵政春,邓曙光,谭跃.基于LABVIEW的数据采集与分析系统[J].计算机与数字工程,2010,(05).
[45]王淑芳,杜飞明.基于虚拟仪器的多通道数据采集与处理系统设计[J].机床与液压,2009,(08)
[46]徐小华,贺斌.基于LabVIEW的温湿度远程监测系统[J].昭通师范高等专科学校学报,2009,(05)
[47]徐圣龙.基于虚拟仪器的多通道数据采集分析系统[J].中国教育技术装备,2007,(02)
[48]周莉,潘旭峰.基于LabVIEW的主轴回转误差测试系统[J].上海电机学院学报,2009,(03)
[49]Filippetti, F. LabVIEW based virtual instrument for on-line induction motor parameters identification.IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.1995, v 2:p648-653.
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