船用中速柴油机机旁监测报警系统设计与实现
摘要
随着柴油机向高速、高功率的方向发展,柴油机产生故障的可能性也随之增大。机旁监测报警系统可实现对柴油机运行工况的实时监控,对可能产生故障的安全隐患进行报警和适当干预,避免柴油机产生故障而造成重大事故。因此,研制具有自主知识产权的船舶柴油机机旁监测报警系统具有十分重要的意义与工程实际价值。主要研究内容和结论如下：
1.总体分析了船用中速柴油机机旁监测报警系统。解析了整体系统结构,对BM模块、OB模块、MTP模块和MEG模块的功能进行了详细分析说明,设计了各模块间基于RS-485总线的通讯协议。
2.细致描述了BM模块的软硬件设计。选择STM32系列32位单片机作为核心处理器,对BM模块周边硬件电路设计进行了说明,详细分析了在这种硬件组成下,以及实现BM模块复杂功能的软件结构。
3.设计和开发了OB、MTP、MEG模块。基于操作和显示模块功能,选择XC800系列单片机为核心控制器,针对显示功能选择74HC595做光源驱动,设计硬件电路；对各模块编写软件程序,高效地完成自身按键、通讯和显示功能。
4.拓展了中速柴油机机旁监测报警系统的瞬时转速故障诊断功能。研究了瞬时转速测量方法,在现有硬件基础上,设计了适合于瞬时转速测量方案,包括硬件配置和软件处理方法。
5.完成了船舶柴油机机旁监测报警系统的试验验证。分别在NI虚拟测试平台和MAN B & W6L16/24型中速柴油机上对安全监测报警系统进行了功能性验证,结果表明：系统工作稳定可靠,抗干扰能力强,达到了国外进口的同类型监控设备水平,实现了柴油机安全、稳定、可靠运行。
As diesel engine is developing toward the high-speed and high-power, its possibility of failure is increased gradually. The working process of the diesel engine is monitored on line by a local monitoring and alarming system. The system can alarm the potential security risks and intervene appropriately to avoid the major fauts because of the engine malfunctions. Therefore, the development of the local monitoring and alarm system for the marine diesel engine with independent intellectual property is of great significance and value engineering. The major research contents and the results are shown below:
1. The local monitoring and alarm system for marine medium-speed diesel is analyzed as a whole. The overall structure of the system is analyzed, and functions of Basic Modules (BM), Operation Box (OB), Monitor Temperature & Pressure (MTP) and Monitor Exhaust Gas (MEG) are described in detail. In addition, the communication protocol among modules based on RS-485 has been designed.
2. The BM software and hardware are designed in detail. The peripheral hardware circuit of BM with its CPU of STM32 is illustrated, and the supporting software is also analyzed particularly.
3. The modules of OB, MTP and MEG are designed and developed. According to the functions of the control and the display modules, the microcontrollers of XC800 family are used as CPU in these modules, and 74HC595 is used as the driver of light source, and the correlative circuits are designed. Then, the software of these modules is programmed, and their functions of keys, communication and display are completed effectively.
4. The function of the fault diagnosis based on instantaneous angulare speed in the local monitoring and alarm system for medium-speed diesel is expanded. The measurement method of the instantaneous angular speed is investigated, and the method based on the existing hardware in this system is designed, including hardware configuration and software approach.
5. The confirmatory tests for the local monitoring and alarm system are completed. The system is tested on NI virtual instrument and MAN B&W 6L16/24 medium-speed diesel engine. The results indicate that the system with strong interference capability is reliable, and reach the same level of the foreign import monitoring and control equipment. The diesel engine is worked in security, steadily and reliably under local monitoring and alarm system.
1.总体分析了船用中速柴油机机旁监测报警系统。解析了整体系统结构,对BM模块、OB模块、MTP模块和MEG模块的功能进行了详细分析说明,设计了各模块间基于RS-485总线的通讯协议。
2.细致描述了BM模块的软硬件设计。选择STM32系列32位单片机作为核心处理器,对BM模块周边硬件电路设计进行了说明,详细分析了在这种硬件组成下,以及实现BM模块复杂功能的软件结构。
3.设计和开发了OB、MTP、MEG模块。基于操作和显示模块功能,选择XC800系列单片机为核心控制器,针对显示功能选择74HC595做光源驱动,设计硬件电路；对各模块编写软件程序,高效地完成自身按键、通讯和显示功能。
4.拓展了中速柴油机机旁监测报警系统的瞬时转速故障诊断功能。研究了瞬时转速测量方法,在现有硬件基础上,设计了适合于瞬时转速测量方案,包括硬件配置和软件处理方法。
5.完成了船舶柴油机机旁监测报警系统的试验验证。分别在NI虚拟测试平台和MAN B & W6L16/24型中速柴油机上对安全监测报警系统进行了功能性验证,结果表明：系统工作稳定可靠,抗干扰能力强,达到了国外进口的同类型监控设备水平,实现了柴油机安全、稳定、可靠运行。
As diesel engine is developing toward the high-speed and high-power, its possibility of failure is increased gradually. The working process of the diesel engine is monitored on line by a local monitoring and alarming system. The system can alarm the potential security risks and intervene appropriately to avoid the major fauts because of the engine malfunctions. Therefore, the development of the local monitoring and alarm system for the marine diesel engine with independent intellectual property is of great significance and value engineering. The major research contents and the results are shown below:
1. The local monitoring and alarm system for marine medium-speed diesel is analyzed as a whole. The overall structure of the system is analyzed, and functions of Basic Modules (BM), Operation Box (OB), Monitor Temperature & Pressure (MTP) and Monitor Exhaust Gas (MEG) are described in detail. In addition, the communication protocol among modules based on RS-485 has been designed.
2. The BM software and hardware are designed in detail. The peripheral hardware circuit of BM with its CPU of STM32 is illustrated, and the supporting software is also analyzed particularly.
3. The modules of OB, MTP and MEG are designed and developed. According to the functions of the control and the display modules, the microcontrollers of XC800 family are used as CPU in these modules, and 74HC595 is used as the driver of light source, and the correlative circuits are designed. Then, the software of these modules is programmed, and their functions of keys, communication and display are completed effectively.
4. The function of the fault diagnosis based on instantaneous angulare speed in the local monitoring and alarm system for medium-speed diesel is expanded. The measurement method of the instantaneous angular speed is investigated, and the method based on the existing hardware in this system is designed, including hardware configuration and software approach.
5. The confirmatory tests for the local monitoring and alarm system are completed. The system is tested on NI virtual instrument and MAN B&W 6L16/24 medium-speed diesel engine. The results indicate that the system with strong interference capability is reliable, and reach the same level of the foreign import monitoring and control equipment. The diesel engine is worked in security, steadily and reliably under local monitoring and alarm system.
引文
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[2]蒋理.机舱监测报警系统的设计与实现[D]:[硕士论文].南京：南京理工大学,2007
[3]黄仕健.机舱监测报警系统的开发设计与实现[D]:[硕士论文].南京：南京理工大学,2008
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[6]尚新宇.智能化船舶机舱监测报警系统的研究[D]：[硕士论文].大连：大连海事大学,2001
[7]张百慈.船舶柴油机故障诊断现状及发展趋势[J].中国水运,2006,4(9)：6-9
[8]Whittington, H.W.;Jordan, J.R.;Paterson,N.et; Performance monitoring of diesel electricity generation [J]. Electric Power Application, IEEE Proceedings B,2008,133(3):149-154
[9]Mort,N.;Langbridge,D.C. Monitoring and control of a turbocharged marine diesel engine using small laboratory microcomputer systems [J]. Use of Personal Computer Systems for Plant Monitoring and Control, IEE Colloquium on,1989,3(9):1-3
[10]Wahyudi, A.;Omondi,A.; Parallel multimedia processor using customized Infineon TriCores [J]. Digital System Design,2002, Proceedings, Euro micro Symposium on:140-147
[11]赵伟.油机监测与故障诊断技术研究[D]：[硕士论文].大连：大连海事大学,2006
[12]王家宏,李俊.船舶柴油机监测与故障诊断方法综述[J].中国水运,2008.2(08)
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[18]黄海亮.船舶电站柴油机在线监测与分析系统[D]:[硕士论文].武汉：武汉理工大学,2003
[19]CaiFuqing, ZhuHuabing, WangShuzong. Research on the computer monitoring and control system of diesel motor [J]. CONTROL & AUTOMATION,2003,19(6):42-43
[20]WangJunxi, YangLin, FengJing. Development of a Calibration and Monitoring System for GD-1 High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Engine [J] JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY,2004,9(2):45-49
[21]李立天,黄伟成,李沈.基于ATmega128单片机柴油机运行数据采集系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2008,9：65-67
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[23]陈卫峰,窦振中,朱少林.船用柴油机运行参数实时采集系统的设计[J]仪表技术与传感器,2009,4：46-48
[24]喻方平,金华标,常勇等.船舶柴油机状态监测及故障诊断仪设计[N].武汉理工大学学报,2002,26(3)：312-314
[25]徐振方,高天一,张国琛.柴油机报警系统的开发[N].大连轻工业学院学报,2005,24(3)：225-228
[26]汪云.电控柴油机实时监控模块设计[N].襄樊学院学报,2004,25(5)：55-58
[27]卞根发.船舶主柴油机智能监测系统研究[J].船电技术,2007,27(6)：356-359
[28]吴卓成,黄文君.船用柴油机智能报警监控系统的设计[J].中国造船,2009,50(3)：146-450
[29]Deng zhiliang, Liu Zhou, Jiang Wengang. Research of Integrated Monitor and Control System of Diesel Engine [C], IMECE'2003 the 5th International Marine Electro technology Conference
[30]Y. S. Shiao, C. C. Li, C. E. Lin. On-board real time monitor for diesel engine vehicles[C]. Proceedings of the 2009 Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems: New Opportunities to increase Digital Citizenship
[31]秦实宏,周龙,肖忠.单片机原理与应用技术[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2005
[32]韩成,张延伟.拿来就用单片机[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2008
[33]Mayer, A.; Hellwig, F.; System Performance Optimization Methodology for Infineon's 32-Bit Automotive Microcontroller Architecture [J]. Design, Automation and Test in Europe, 2008,08:962-966
[34]张明春,肖燕红.热电偶测温原理及应用[J].攀枝花科技与信息,2009,34(3)：58-62
[35]程胜革,朱邦太,马战群等.热电阻温度变送模块的设计与实现[J].新技术新工艺,2006,9：58-60
[36]李忠杰.Pt热电阻变送器在实际中的应用[J].管理观察,2009,8：16
[37]杨舟成.PTC热敏电阻与NTC热敏电阻[J].无线电,2009,4：80
[38]Pell Rich, Scouras Ismini, Roos Gina. Motor-control development kit based on ST MCU [J]. Electronic Engineering Times,2008,1518:36-38
[39]Michael J. Osenga. Monitoring diesel exhaust backpressure and temperature [J]. Diesel Progress,2007,26 (2):88-88
[40]王钰,潘仕彬,王卉.IIC在数据采集中的应用[J].科技广场,2008,8：190-191
[41]张文甲.IIC总线通信中主机控制器的设计与应用[J].电脑知识与技术,2007,1:104-106
[42]刘强,王跃明,刘银年.82C54在电机测速电路中的应用[J].传感器与微系统,2008,27(2)：109-111
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[2]蒋理.机舱监测报警系统的设计与实现[D]:[硕士论文].南京：南京理工大学,2007
[3]黄仕健.机舱监测报警系统的开发设计与实现[D]:[硕士论文].南京：南京理工大学,2008
[4]梁伟.船舶机舱自动监测报警控制系统设计[D]:[硕士论文].大连：大连理工大学,2002
[5]刘斌彬.柴油机综合电控系统与监控系统的开发[D]：[硕士论文].北京：北京交通大学,2006
[6]尚新宇.智能化船舶机舱监测报警系统的研究[D]：[硕士论文].大连：大连海事大学,2001
[7]张百慈.船舶柴油机故障诊断现状及发展趋势[J].中国水运,2006,4(9)：6-9
[8]Whittington, H.W.;Jordan, J.R.;Paterson,N.et; Performance monitoring of diesel electricity generation [J]. Electric Power Application, IEEE Proceedings B,2008,133(3):149-154
[9]Mort,N.;Langbridge,D.C. Monitoring and control of a turbocharged marine diesel engine using small laboratory microcomputer systems [J]. Use of Personal Computer Systems for Plant Monitoring and Control, IEE Colloquium on,1989,3(9):1-3
[10]Wahyudi, A.;Omondi,A.; Parallel multimedia processor using customized Infineon TriCores [J]. Digital System Design,2002, Proceedings, Euro micro Symposium on:140-147
[11]赵伟.油机监测与故障诊断技术研究[D]：[硕士论文].大连：大连海事大学,2006
[12]王家宏,李俊.船舶柴油机监测与故障诊断方法综述[J].中国水运,2008.2(08)
[13]滕宪斌.船用柴油机的发展现状[J].天津航海,2009,1：2123
[14]杨忠安.柴油机智能化机旁监控板[J].上海造船,2006,4
[15]段柏林,郑华耀.基于现场总线的船舶柴油机监测报警系统[J].机电工程,2002,19(1)：59-63
[16]李素文,于秀敏.柴油机控制系统故障自诊断功能设计[J].汽车技术,2008年03期
[17]孙伟.基于网络的船舶主动力装置运行参数监测系统的研究[D]：[硕士论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2006
[18]黄海亮.船舶电站柴油机在线监测与分析系统[D]:[硕士论文].武汉：武汉理工大学,2003
[19]CaiFuqing, ZhuHuabing, WangShuzong. Research on the computer monitoring and control system of diesel motor [J]. CONTROL & AUTOMATION,2003,19(6):42-43
[20]WangJunxi, YangLin, FengJing. Development of a Calibration and Monitoring System for GD-1 High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Engine [J] JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY,2004,9(2):45-49
[21]李立天,黄伟成,李沈.基于ATmega128单片机柴油机运行数据采集系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2008,9：65-67
[22]李震宇,杨建国,余永华.船舶柴油机监测系统的开发与应用[J].船海工程,2007,36(3)：58-61
[23]陈卫峰,窦振中,朱少林.船用柴油机运行参数实时采集系统的设计[J]仪表技术与传感器,2009,4：46-48
[24]喻方平,金华标,常勇等.船舶柴油机状态监测及故障诊断仪设计[N].武汉理工大学学报,2002,26(3)：312-314
[25]徐振方,高天一,张国琛.柴油机报警系统的开发[N].大连轻工业学院学报,2005,24(3)：225-228
[26]汪云.电控柴油机实时监控模块设计[N].襄樊学院学报,2004,25(5)：55-58
[27]卞根发.船舶主柴油机智能监测系统研究[J].船电技术,2007,27(6)：356-359
[28]吴卓成,黄文君.船用柴油机智能报警监控系统的设计[J].中国造船,2009,50(3)：146-450
[29]Deng zhiliang, Liu Zhou, Jiang Wengang. Research of Integrated Monitor and Control System of Diesel Engine [C], IMECE'2003 the 5th International Marine Electro technology Conference
[30]Y. S. Shiao, C. C. Li, C. E. Lin. On-board real time monitor for diesel engine vehicles[C]. Proceedings of the 2009 Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems: New Opportunities to increase Digital Citizenship
[31]秦实宏,周龙,肖忠.单片机原理与应用技术[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2005
[32]韩成,张延伟.拿来就用单片机[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2008
[33]Mayer, A.; Hellwig, F.; System Performance Optimization Methodology for Infineon's 32-Bit Automotive Microcontroller Architecture [J]. Design, Automation and Test in Europe, 2008,08:962-966
[34]张明春,肖燕红.热电偶测温原理及应用[J].攀枝花科技与信息,2009,34(3)：58-62
[35]程胜革,朱邦太,马战群等.热电阻温度变送模块的设计与实现[J].新技术新工艺,2006,9：58-60
[36]李忠杰.Pt热电阻变送器在实际中的应用[J].管理观察,2009,8：16
[37]杨舟成.PTC热敏电阻与NTC热敏电阻[J].无线电,2009,4：80
[38]Pell Rich, Scouras Ismini, Roos Gina. Motor-control development kit based on ST MCU [J]. Electronic Engineering Times,2008,1518:36-38
[39]Michael J. Osenga. Monitoring diesel exhaust backpressure and temperature [J]. Diesel Progress,2007,26 (2):88-88
[40]王钰,潘仕彬,王卉.IIC在数据采集中的应用[J].科技广场,2008,8：190-191
[41]张文甲.IIC总线通信中主机控制器的设计与应用[J].电脑知识与技术,2007,1:104-106
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