往复式压缩机网状阀阀座与升程限制器强度研究及应用
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摘要
往复式压缩机网状阀阀座及升程限制器在使用中表现为中长期故障,用于高压的压缩机气阀设计过程中,气阀阀座及升程限制器必须进行强度校核。近年来,随着压缩机转速的提高以及压缩气体压力和密度的提高,阀座及升程限制器的强度问题日益突出。传统的阀座及升程限制器强度校核公式有必要进行修正。
本文通过ANSYS大型通用有限元软件对阀座及升程限制器进行静力结构分析,分析了阀座及升程限制器径向筋宽度与高度、环向筋宽度、总厚度,以及径向筋数量等各个结构参数对其最大应力的影响。通过对有限元分析结果进行数据处理,对传统的往复式压缩机网状阀阀座及升程限制器的强度校核公式进行修正。修正的强度校核公式更加明确各个结构因素对阀座及升程限制器强度的影响。运用修正的阀座强度校核公式,指导阀座的改造设计,并在改造设计中提出新的阀座结构形式,即外圈用钻孔结构,而中间采用弧形槽的新结构。通过采用以上方法对一系列存在强度问题的压缩机气阀阀座及升程限制器进行分析与改造设计,证明上述方法是有效与可信的。本文所做工作能用于指导高压压缩机气阀阀座及升程限制器的设计与改造。
Usually, valve seat and valve guard of reciprocating compressor put up a medium-term or long-term failure during compressor's working. It's important to check up the strength of valve seat and valve guard when compressor valves special high-pressure compressor valves are designed. Recently, the strength problem of valve seat and valve guard are prominent increasingly when the rotate speed of the compressor, the pressure and density of the compressor gas are heightened. So it is necessary to modify the conventional strength checking formulas of valve seat and valve guard.
Valve seat and valve guard are analyzed with ANSYS which is a large-scale general finite element analysis software in this paper. Every structural parameter is analyzed such as the width of radial ribs, the highness of radial ribs, the width of annular ribs, the total thickness, and so on. It can be fund out the relation ship between the maximum stress of valve seat (or valve guard) and these structural parameters. By processing these analysis results, new strength checking formulas which modified the conventional strength checking formulas of valve seat and valve guard can be obtained. These new formulas show the influence of each structural factor more definitely. They can be used to instruct the design and reconstruction of valve seat and valve guard. And a new valve seat structure which drilling holes in outer-ring and making arcs in inter-ring is presented during reconstructing some valve seats. Valve seat and valve guard which have strength problems are designed and reconstructed by using methods aforesaid, the results turn up that these methods are effective and believable. These works of this paper can be used to instruct the design and reconstruction of valve seat and valve guard in high-pressure compressor.
本文通过ANSYS大型通用有限元软件对阀座及升程限制器进行静力结构分析,分析了阀座及升程限制器径向筋宽度与高度、环向筋宽度、总厚度,以及径向筋数量等各个结构参数对其最大应力的影响。通过对有限元分析结果进行数据处理,对传统的往复式压缩机网状阀阀座及升程限制器的强度校核公式进行修正。修正的强度校核公式更加明确各个结构因素对阀座及升程限制器强度的影响。运用修正的阀座强度校核公式,指导阀座的改造设计,并在改造设计中提出新的阀座结构形式,即外圈用钻孔结构,而中间采用弧形槽的新结构。通过采用以上方法对一系列存在强度问题的压缩机气阀阀座及升程限制器进行分析与改造设计,证明上述方法是有效与可信的。本文所做工作能用于指导高压压缩机气阀阀座及升程限制器的设计与改造。
Usually, valve seat and valve guard of reciprocating compressor put up a medium-term or long-term failure during compressor's working. It's important to check up the strength of valve seat and valve guard when compressor valves special high-pressure compressor valves are designed. Recently, the strength problem of valve seat and valve guard are prominent increasingly when the rotate speed of the compressor, the pressure and density of the compressor gas are heightened. So it is necessary to modify the conventional strength checking formulas of valve seat and valve guard.
Valve seat and valve guard are analyzed with ANSYS which is a large-scale general finite element analysis software in this paper. Every structural parameter is analyzed such as the width of radial ribs, the highness of radial ribs, the width of annular ribs, the total thickness, and so on. It can be fund out the relation ship between the maximum stress of valve seat (or valve guard) and these structural parameters. By processing these analysis results, new strength checking formulas which modified the conventional strength checking formulas of valve seat and valve guard can be obtained. These new formulas show the influence of each structural factor more definitely. They can be used to instruct the design and reconstruction of valve seat and valve guard. And a new valve seat structure which drilling holes in outer-ring and making arcs in inter-ring is presented during reconstructing some valve seats. Valve seat and valve guard which have strength problems are designed and reconstructed by using methods aforesaid, the results turn up that these methods are effective and believable. These works of this paper can be used to instruct the design and reconstruction of valve seat and valve guard in high-pressure compressor.
引文
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[3]郁永章.活塞式压缩机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982.1
[4]郁永章.容积式压缩机技术手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.9,328-360
[5]陈宏钧.活塞式压缩机使用技术手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992.1
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[8]翟晓宁.活塞式压缩机气阀技术改造[J].化工装备技术,2001,(4):39-41
[9]孙品同,于宏志,柴立平.循环压缩机气阀能量损失研究[J].通用机械,2006,(8):35-38
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[13]潘树林.往复式压缩机网状阀工作特性研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,1996
[14]高慎琴.化工机器[M].化学工业出版社出版,1992.152
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[16]Huang J Y,Miler T M.The application of finite element analysis toVIP compressors cylinder design[A].In:Proceedings of the 1994 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1994.337-341
[17]何洪波,束鹏程,李连生.6M32A氮氢气压缩机曲轴有限元分析[J].压缩机技术,2005,(4):3-6
[18]张文格,王煜东,李永泰,等.曲轴疲劳强度的有限元分析[J].压缩机技术,1992,(4):15-17
[19]张海峰.大型压缩机曲轴特性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005
[20]潘树林,龚曙光,卢朝霞,等.带自弹缓冲片压缩机网状阀研究及应用[J].中国机械工程,2004,15(3):214-217
[21]Nilsson J O,Nilsson L,Oldenburg M.Impact stresses in flapper valves-a finite element analysis[A].In:Proceedings of the 1980 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1980.390-395
[22]张增营.往复式压缩机环状阀工作过程冲击应力分析[D].南宁:广西大学,2004
[23]Tajima T,Sakitani K,Fujimoto S.A study on impact fatigue of compressor[A].In:Proceedings of the 1988 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1988.277-284
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[26]刘卫华.近十年来压缩机技术研究动向[J].压缩机技术,1998,(4):33-35
[27]压缩机行业现状及发展趋势[J].通用机械,2005,(1):13.
[28]高其烈.当前压缩机水准与需求展望[J].压缩机技术,2001,(3):3-15
[29]李存绪.期望压缩机行业在“十五”期间有跨越式发展[J].压缩机技术,2006,(6):46-47
[30](美)Paul C.Hanlon.郝点,魏统胜,胡丹梅,等译.压缩机手册[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2003.413
[31]Costagliola M.The theory of spring loaded valves for reciprocating compressor[J].J.Appl.Mech,1950,17(4)
[32]吴业正.往复式压缩机数学模型及应用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1989.3
[33]张华俊.考虑阀道传热的压缩机工作过程的数学模型[D].西安:西安交通大学,1987
[34]成凯佳.活塞式压缩机阀腔压力脉动的研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,1987
[35]陈文勇,曹小林,吴业正.变转速压缩机阀片运动规律的模拟[J].压缩机技术,1999,(2):9-11
[36]李云,顾兆林,郁永章.不同阀片质量的气阀性能理论研究[J].流体机械,1998,26(2):20-22
[37]Wu Y Z.Preliminary calculation of inclining movement for ring-type suction valves[A]. In:Proceedings of the 1980 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1980.300-304
[38]潘树林,林槑,束鹏程.往复式压缩机网状阀倾侧运动研究[J].化工机械,1995,(5):272-276
[39]孙杰.活塞式压缩机气阀运动规律的测试[J].抚顺石油学院学报,2000,(12):48-51
[40]松板孝,伊丹次男.压缩机环状阀应力分析[J].压缩机技术,1975,2:9-13,21
[41]仓林.高转速压缩机阀的应力测定[J].压缩机技术,1977,3:26-31
[42]Gnyaneshwar R,Kumar R K,Balakrishnan K R.Dynamic analysis of the aortic valve using a finite element model[J].The annals of thoracic surgery,2002,73(4):1122-1129
[43]Chen M-T,Rossow M P and Gould P L.Finite element stress analysis of a human aortic valve[J].Applied mathematical modelling,1977,1(4):218-220
[44]潘树林,林槑,束鹏程.网状阀运动元件弹性变形分析[J].流体机械,1996,(5):32-34
[45]欧胜芳,潘树林,卢朝霞,等.带自弹缓冲片压缩机网状阀研究及应用[J],压缩机技术.2002,(5):43-45
[46]Yang Q,.Engel P A.Dynamic response of compressoer valve springs to impact loading[A].In:Proceedings of the 1996 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1996.353-358
[47]Hatch G,Woollatt D.The dynamics of reciprocating compressor valve springs[a],in:proceedings of the 2002 purdue compressor technology conference[C].2002.C 13-4
[48]Yakovlev Y B.Investigation of stresses in the seats of annular piston compressor valves[J].Translated from khimicheskoe i neftyanoe mashinostroenie,1967,(2):6-9
[49]#12
[50]Alcini W V,Griner G C and Robert B.Valve retainer fatigue requirements by experimental and analytical methods[A].In:Proceedings of the 1994 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1994:163-168
[51]#12
[52]陆垠坤.阀座结构设计的改进[J].压缩机技术,1990,(6):1-2
[53]JB/T 7239-94.往复活塞压缩机用网状阀片[S].
[54]JB/T 2231.5-1999.往复活塞压缩机零部件 第五部分:气阀安装尺寸[S].
[55]刘庆潭.材料力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.78-79,289-291
[56]何福保,沈亚鹏.板壳理论[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1993.170
[57]刘涛,杨凤鹏.精通ANSYS[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.14-17
[58]博弈创作室.ANSYS9.0经典产品基础教程与实例详解[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.8
[59]干勇,田志凌,董瀚,等.中国材料工程大典 第二卷 钢铁材料工程(上)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.266
[2]王迪生,杨乐之.活塞式压缩机结构[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1990.1
[3]郁永章.活塞式压缩机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982.1
[4]郁永章.容积式压缩机技术手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.9,328-360
[5]陈宏钧.活塞式压缩机使用技术手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992.1
[6]金立文,林强.新型无连杆往复式压缩机的最新进展[J].压缩机技术,2000,(4):11-13
[7]林槑,吴业正.压缩机自动阀[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1991.1
[8]翟晓宁.活塞式压缩机气阀技术改造[J].化工装备技术,2001,(4):39-41
[9]孙品同,于宏志,柴立平.循环压缩机气阀能量损失研究[J].通用机械,2006,(8):35-38
[10]林槑,吴业正,吴丹青.压缩机环状阀原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1982.4-5
[11]潘树林,林槑,束鹏程.无摩擦网状阀片环臂的计算[J].流体工程,1993,21(11):27-30
[12]吴丹青,丛敬同.压缩机簧片阀的数学模拟与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1993.3
[13]潘树林.往复式压缩机网状阀工作特性研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,1996
[14]高慎琴.化工机器[M].化学工业出版社出版,1992.152
[15]周思柱,党建国,陶论绪.石油空压机车的压缩机气缸有限元分析[J].石油机械,1995,23(3):1-5
[16]Huang J Y,Miler T M.The application of finite element analysis toVIP compressors cylinder design[A].In:Proceedings of the 1994 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1994.337-341
[17]何洪波,束鹏程,李连生.6M32A氮氢气压缩机曲轴有限元分析[J].压缩机技术,2005,(4):3-6
[18]张文格,王煜东,李永泰,等.曲轴疲劳强度的有限元分析[J].压缩机技术,1992,(4):15-17
[19]张海峰.大型压缩机曲轴特性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005
[20]潘树林,龚曙光,卢朝霞,等.带自弹缓冲片压缩机网状阀研究及应用[J].中国机械工程,2004,15(3):214-217
[21]Nilsson J O,Nilsson L,Oldenburg M.Impact stresses in flapper valves-a finite element analysis[A].In:Proceedings of the 1980 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1980.390-395
[22]张增营.往复式压缩机环状阀工作过程冲击应力分析[D].南宁:广西大学,2004
[23]Tajima T,Sakitani K,Fujimoto S.A study on impact fatigue of compressor[A].In:Proceedings of the 1988 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1988.277-284
[24]郁永章,高秀峰.国内外压缩机学术研究近况[J].压缩机技术,2003,(4):14-17
[25]徐倩民,涂顺民,苏晓林,等.九十年代初期国外压缩机行业与技术水平概貌[J].压缩机技术,1993,(4):39-47
[26]刘卫华.近十年来压缩机技术研究动向[J].压缩机技术,1998,(4):33-35
[27]压缩机行业现状及发展趋势[J].通用机械,2005,(1):13.
[28]高其烈.当前压缩机水准与需求展望[J].压缩机技术,2001,(3):3-15
[29]李存绪.期望压缩机行业在“十五”期间有跨越式发展[J].压缩机技术,2006,(6):46-47
[30](美)Paul C.Hanlon.郝点,魏统胜,胡丹梅,等译.压缩机手册[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2003.413
[31]Costagliola M.The theory of spring loaded valves for reciprocating compressor[J].J.Appl.Mech,1950,17(4)
[32]吴业正.往复式压缩机数学模型及应用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1989.3
[33]张华俊.考虑阀道传热的压缩机工作过程的数学模型[D].西安:西安交通大学,1987
[34]成凯佳.活塞式压缩机阀腔压力脉动的研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,1987
[35]陈文勇,曹小林,吴业正.变转速压缩机阀片运动规律的模拟[J].压缩机技术,1999,(2):9-11
[36]李云,顾兆林,郁永章.不同阀片质量的气阀性能理论研究[J].流体机械,1998,26(2):20-22
[37]Wu Y Z.Preliminary calculation of inclining movement for ring-type suction valves[A]. In:Proceedings of the 1980 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1980.300-304
[38]潘树林,林槑,束鹏程.往复式压缩机网状阀倾侧运动研究[J].化工机械,1995,(5):272-276
[39]孙杰.活塞式压缩机气阀运动规律的测试[J].抚顺石油学院学报,2000,(12):48-51
[40]松板孝,伊丹次男.压缩机环状阀应力分析[J].压缩机技术,1975,2:9-13,21
[41]仓林.高转速压缩机阀的应力测定[J].压缩机技术,1977,3:26-31
[42]Gnyaneshwar R,Kumar R K,Balakrishnan K R.Dynamic analysis of the aortic valve using a finite element model[J].The annals of thoracic surgery,2002,73(4):1122-1129
[43]Chen M-T,Rossow M P and Gould P L.Finite element stress analysis of a human aortic valve[J].Applied mathematical modelling,1977,1(4):218-220
[44]潘树林,林槑,束鹏程.网状阀运动元件弹性变形分析[J].流体机械,1996,(5):32-34
[45]欧胜芳,潘树林,卢朝霞,等.带自弹缓冲片压缩机网状阀研究及应用[J],压缩机技术.2002,(5):43-45
[46]Yang Q,.Engel P A.Dynamic response of compressoer valve springs to impact loading[A].In:Proceedings of the 1996 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1996.353-358
[47]Hatch G,Woollatt D.The dynamics of reciprocating compressor valve springs[a],in:proceedings of the 2002 purdue compressor technology conference[C].2002.C 13-4
[48]Yakovlev Y B.Investigation of stresses in the seats of annular piston compressor valves[J].Translated from khimicheskoe i neftyanoe mashinostroenie,1967,(2):6-9
[49]#12
[50]Alcini W V,Griner G C and Robert B.Valve retainer fatigue requirements by experimental and analytical methods[A].In:Proceedings of the 1994 purdue compressor technology conference[C].1994:163-168
[51]#12
[52]陆垠坤.阀座结构设计的改进[J].压缩机技术,1990,(6):1-2
[53]JB/T 7239-94.往复活塞压缩机用网状阀片[S].
[54]JB/T 2231.5-1999.往复活塞压缩机零部件 第五部分:气阀安装尺寸[S].
[55]刘庆潭.材料力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.78-79,289-291
[56]何福保,沈亚鹏.板壳理论[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1993.170
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[58]博弈创作室.ANSYS9.0经典产品基础教程与实例详解[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.8
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