外商直接投资对湖南省出口竞争力的影响研究
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摘要
经济全球化的迅速发展促进了各项要素的全球流动,随着经济全球化的进一步加快,外商直接投资在我国国民经济中的地位和作用正日渐增强。有关FDI与出口相关的理论、模型,明确提出了FDI对出口具有替代效应和创造效应,FDI与出口同步增长。近几年来也有学者从不同角度研究了FDI与出口竞争力的相关性。从以往的研究中,我们可以得出明确的结论,国际资本流动对我国出口竞争力的提升有相当大的促进作用。经过20多年的发展,外商投资企业已成为湖南贸易与经济的重要增长源。如何提高湖南出口竞争力,以合理参与国际分工,充分利用外商直接投资,具有至关重要的意义。
因而,这就很有必要运用理论分析和实证研究相结合的方法从一些几个方面探讨FDI对湖南出口竞争力的影响:一是对FDI与出口竞争力之间的相互关系进行理论分析;二是分析湖南省外商直接投资的现状和湖南省出口竞争力现状,并构建FDI对湖南出口竞争力影响的指标体系;三是根据历年的数据,分析外商直接投资对湖南出口竞争力的影响及其关系,并进行实证检验(验证其出口引擎效应、技术进步效应、结构升级效应、竞争催化效应等);四是针对湖南省利用外商直接投资存在的问题提出一些政策建议。文章分析得出外商投资对湖南省出口竞争力促进作用不明显的结论,并从吸引FDI和利用FDI两个方面来提出相关的政策建议。这既是为了弥补FDI对湖南出口竞争力影响研究方面的不足,也是为了能够为各省市之间FDI对出口竞争力影响比较研究提供一个可分析的框架。
The development of economic globalization enhances the flow of all elements around the world. With the world economy globalization further strengthening of, the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) accounts for the majority that is playing an important role and influencing more to China's domestic economy. Theory and model about FDI and export has explicitly proposed that FDI has the substitution effect and the creation effect to the exportation, FDI and exportation grow at the same time. In recent years, some scholars had studied the relative connection of FDI and Export Competitiveness. Despite of the different points, the basic conclusion is that FDI can improve China's export competitiveness. More than 20 years later, FDI enterprises have become a important increasing source of trade and economic in Hunan. As a result, it is essential to research how to promote Hunan's export competitiveness by using FDI in order to join the international division of labor more scientifically.
So it's necessary to discuss the relationship between FDI and the promotion of export competitiveness in Hunan by theoretical analysis and empirical methodology. Firstly, this thesis analyzes the relationship between FDI and export competitiveness by theoretical. Secondly, it analyzes the situation of FDI and export competitiveness in Hunan. Then, an index system based the relationship between Hunan FDI and export competitiveness is established. Thirdly, based on the data of past 15 years ,it analyzes the relationship between FDI and the promotion of export competitiveness in Hunan, and analyzes the export engine effect, technical progress effect, structure upgrading effect and competition catalysis effect. Lastly, the thesis analyzes the problems existing in capitalizing on FDI to promote export competitiveness and gives some suggestions. The conclusion is the promotion of FDI to export competitiveness is not very well. The thesis made suggestions from attract and use FDI. It is not only to make up the lack of research in the relationship between FDI and export competitiveness, but also to provide a framework for analysis for other provinces.
因而,这就很有必要运用理论分析和实证研究相结合的方法从一些几个方面探讨FDI对湖南出口竞争力的影响:一是对FDI与出口竞争力之间的相互关系进行理论分析;二是分析湖南省外商直接投资的现状和湖南省出口竞争力现状,并构建FDI对湖南出口竞争力影响的指标体系;三是根据历年的数据,分析外商直接投资对湖南出口竞争力的影响及其关系,并进行实证检验(验证其出口引擎效应、技术进步效应、结构升级效应、竞争催化效应等);四是针对湖南省利用外商直接投资存在的问题提出一些政策建议。文章分析得出外商投资对湖南省出口竞争力促进作用不明显的结论,并从吸引FDI和利用FDI两个方面来提出相关的政策建议。这既是为了弥补FDI对湖南出口竞争力影响研究方面的不足,也是为了能够为各省市之间FDI对出口竞争力影响比较研究提供一个可分析的框架。
The development of economic globalization enhances the flow of all elements around the world. With the world economy globalization further strengthening of, the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) accounts for the majority that is playing an important role and influencing more to China's domestic economy. Theory and model about FDI and export has explicitly proposed that FDI has the substitution effect and the creation effect to the exportation, FDI and exportation grow at the same time. In recent years, some scholars had studied the relative connection of FDI and Export Competitiveness. Despite of the different points, the basic conclusion is that FDI can improve China's export competitiveness. More than 20 years later, FDI enterprises have become a important increasing source of trade and economic in Hunan. As a result, it is essential to research how to promote Hunan's export competitiveness by using FDI in order to join the international division of labor more scientifically.
So it's necessary to discuss the relationship between FDI and the promotion of export competitiveness in Hunan by theoretical analysis and empirical methodology. Firstly, this thesis analyzes the relationship between FDI and export competitiveness by theoretical. Secondly, it analyzes the situation of FDI and export competitiveness in Hunan. Then, an index system based the relationship between Hunan FDI and export competitiveness is established. Thirdly, based on the data of past 15 years ,it analyzes the relationship between FDI and the promotion of export competitiveness in Hunan, and analyzes the export engine effect, technical progress effect, structure upgrading effect and competition catalysis effect. Lastly, the thesis analyzes the problems existing in capitalizing on FDI to promote export competitiveness and gives some suggestions. The conclusion is the promotion of FDI to export competitiveness is not very well. The thesis made suggestions from attract and use FDI. It is not only to make up the lack of research in the relationship between FDI and export competitiveness, but also to provide a framework for analysis for other provinces.
引文
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[4]Carmichael,E.A..Canada's Manufacturing Sector:Performance in the 1970s[J].Canadian Study,1978,51
[5]Hideo Yamashita.1998.Competiveness and corporate culture[M].USA:Ashgate,Brookfield:52
[6]钱德勒.看得见的手[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997
[7]C.Prahalad,G.Hamel.The Core Competence of The Corporation[M].USA:Harvard Business Review,1990
[8]Mckee,K.&Sessions-Robinson,C..Manufacturing Productivity and Competitiveness[M].Journal of Manufacturing,1989
[9]迈克尔.波特.竞争战略(陈小悦译)[M].北京:华夏出版社,1997
[10]金碚.中国工业国际竞争力[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1997.185～187
[11]McFetridge,D.Knowledge.failure and the multinational enterprise:a comment[J].Journal of International Business Studies,1995,26(2):409～415
[12]David Ricardo.The principles of Political Economy and Taxation [M].Homewood,IL:Irwin,1963
[13]Linder,L.Tissue reaction to methyl-methacrylate monomer[J].Acta Orthop Scand,1998,47:3～10
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[15]吴建伟.国际间产业竞争与市场容量[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1999
[16]裴长洪.利用外资与产业竞争力[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1998
[17]金碚,李纲,陈志.我国制造业国际竞争力现状[J].中国国情国力,2007,3
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[19]小岛清.对外贸易论(周宝廉译)[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1987
[20]Lee,Honggue.Globalization,Foreign Direct Investment and Competitive Strategies of Korean Electronics Companies.in Nomura Research Institute & Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,The New Wave of Foreign Direct Investment in Asia,Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,1995
[21]张碧琼.国际资本流动与对外贸易竞争优势[M].北京:中国发展出版社,1999.215-235
[22]戴金平.外国直接投资与发展中国家的出口促进[M].贵州:贵州人民出版社,1999
[23]詹晓宁,葛顺奇.多边投资框架:趋势与评价[J].国际经济合作,2002,6
[24]冼国明,葛顺奇.国际直接投资的全球新趋势[J].国际经济合作,2002,9
[25]Gary Clyde Hufbauer and Jeffrey J.Schott,Assisted By Kimberly Ann Elliott.Economic Sanctions Reconsidered:History and Current Policy[Z].Institute For International Economics,Washington,D.C,1985
[26]Eaton J.Tamura A.Bilateralism and Regionalisrn in Japanese and U.S.Trade and Direct Foreign Investment Pattems[J].Journal of the Japanese and International Economics,1996
[27]联合国贸易与发展会议.1999年世界投资报告[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2000
[28]Caves,R.Multinational Enterprises and Economies Analyses[M].Cambridge University Press,1996
[29]江小涓.中国外资经济对增长、结构升级和竞争力的贡献[J].中国社会科学,2002,6:4-14
[30]沈克华.外商直接投资与我国出口总量及结构、基础设施投入的相关关系分析[J].国际贸易问题,2003,7:38-40
[31]谢建国.外商直接投资与中国的出口竞争力[J].世界经济研究,2003,7:34-39
[32]赖明勇,包群.中国外商直接投资与技术进步的实证研究[J].经济评论,2002,6
[33]杨丹辉.外商投资对中国出口竞争力影响:实证分析[J].改革,2004.3
[34]Peter J.Buckley,Jeremy Clegg,Chengqi Wang.The Impact of Inward FDI on the Performance of Chinese Manufacturing Firms[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2002,4:637-655
[35]王学东,刘占军,程传海.明显的驱动源--广东省与全国外商直接投资贸易效应对比[J].国际贸易,2001,5
[36]尹显萍,刘燕,王志华.武汉市外商直接投资对出口竞争力的影响[J].宏观经济研究,2003,6:49-51
[37]凌冬梅.外商直接投资提升江苏出口竞争力的实证分析[J].南京财经大学学报,2004,3
[38]严兵.FDI与中国出口竞争力[J].财贸经济,2006,8
[39]刘克利,钱晓英,谢涓.湖南省利用外商直接投资及对经济发展的影响[J].湖南大学学报(社会科学版),2002,16:27-30
[40]李杨,欧朝敏.以外国直接投资对湖南经济增长的贡献为例[J].温州师范学院学报(自然科学版),2004,25:1-74
[41]罗剑宏,林常青,练松柏.海外对内地贸易与直接投资的相互关系[J].国际贸易问题,2005,9:38-42
[42]罗丽英,龙云,李武星.外商直接投资对湖南省出口的促进效应分析[J].湖南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2005,6:27-29
[43]李文.外商直接投资与中国出口竞争力的实证分析[J].经济纵横,2007,7:93-94
[44]朱念.FDI对广西出口竞争力影响的实证分析[D].广西:广西大学,2007
[45]Stephen.Herbert.Hymer.The International operations or National Firms:A Study of Direct Foreign Investment[M].Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press,1976.
[46]Porter,M.E.The Competitive Advantage of Nations[M].Macmillan,London,1990
[47]Alan M.Rugman,Alain Verbeke.Subsidiary-specific Advantages in Multinational Enterprises[J].Strategic Management Journal,2001,(22):237-250
[48]Dunning,J.H,Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy[M].Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,1993
[49]罗伊·哈罗德.动态经济学[M].北京:商务印书馆,1981
[50]罗斯托.经济增长的阶段[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2001
[51]H.Chenery and A.M.Strout.Foreign Assistance and Economic Development [J],American Economic Review,1996,9
[52]Findlay,Ronald.Relative Backwardness,Direct Foreign Investment,and the Transfer of Technology:A Simple Dynamic Model[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1978(62):1-16
[53]湖南统计局.湖南统计年鉴(1983-2007)[M].北京:中国统计出版社
[54]湖南统计局.2007湖南省国民经济和社会发展统计公报:http://www.hntj.gov.cn/tjgb/glgb/2007communique,htm
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