蓝商高速公路李家河隧道岩体渗流观测与分析
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摘要
渗水和涌水是公路隧道施工中常见的主要地质灾害,也是运营中的主要病害。在深埋隧道中,隧道通过的地质条件复杂,揭示的水文地质单元较多。隧道的开挖,引起周围岩体应力重分布,同时也破坏了地下水的排泄通道。因此对隧道裂隙岩体渗流场进行观测与分析,在设计、施工中采取相应的防、排水措施对隧道施工和运行有着重要的意义。
本文以蓝商高速公路李家河隧道为研究对象,进行的主要研究工作有:(1)分析了裂隙岩体渗流研究现状,明确了李家河隧道渗流分析的主要目标是正确估计水库蓄水后隧道的渗流量,为防、排水设计提供依据;(2)在隧道区域地质调查基础上,进行了隧道与水库之间裂隙调查与统计、断层调查。重点进行了隧道开挖期间渗流量的观测与分析;(3)结合现场钻孔压水实验、钻孔放水试验,初步确定了岩体的渗透系数;(4)建立了李家河隧道渗流数值模型,依据隧道开挖施工期间渗流量的现场观测结果,基于软件GEO-SLOPE的模拟分析反演得到分区渗流参数分布;(5)根据求得的渗流参数分布场,模拟了李家河水库蓄水后隧道的渗漏量,为隧道的防、排水设计提供了依据。在渗流分析过程中,对考虑耦合与不考虑耦合作用进行了比较。得出如下结论:
(1)通过现场观察、实测,获得了隧道开挖状态下的渗漏状态和隧道总的渗漏量。
(2)隧洞涌水预测中,考虑渗流场与应力场的耦合作用得到的渗漏量比不考虑耦合时大30%以上。
(3)通过反复调整渗透系数,模拟天然渗流状态下隧道的渗流量使之与实测渗流量相符,从而得出准确的渗透系数。
(4)根据反演得到的分区渗流参数分布,经模拟获得了水库蓄水后总的隧道渗水量。
(5)根据模拟计算的隧道渗水量,提出隧道防渗设计依据的建议。分析现场的渗流状态,提出修改设计的建议:以排为主,渗流量较大部位增加灌浆措施,减小渗漏量,减轻排水设施的压力。
Tunnel flooding is the common main geological disaster in the tunnel construction and operation. In deeply buried tunnel, geology condition is complex. Many geological units are opened out. Tunnel excavating, causes stress heavy distribution of rock mass in tunnel. Meanwhile destroyed the ground-water drainage channel.Therefore, It is very significant for observation and analysis of the rock mass infiltration flow fields in tunnel and adopting bailing technique in designation and construction of stress fields coupling.
In this article, the research object is Li Jiahe tunnel on Xi'an-Hefei highway, The main research work:(1)Analysis the status of fractured rock flow ,nail down the main object of Li jiahe tunnel Seepage analysis is estimating tunnel seepage discharge after water level of reservoir reach 880m, provide the basis for the drainage design;(2) Basis on the regional geological survey In the tunnel, investigate and statistic the cranny and faultage between tunnel and reservoir, investigate hydrogeological background of Li jiahe tunnel, focusing on seepage discharge observation and record during the excavation of the tunnel.(3) Bored with the scene of the pressurised water, drilling water test, firstly determined the rock permeability coefficient; (4) Established a seepage numerical model of Li jiahe tunnel, based on the seepage discharge observations at the scene during the excavation of the tunnel, based GEO-SLOPE software simulation analysis get hold of district parameters of seepage;(5) According to achieve the flow parameters distribution, simulation the leakage of the tunnel after Water Level of Reservoir reach 880m, provide the basis for the drainage design. In the process of seepage analysis, compared consider coupling with not consider coupling. Reached the following conclusions:
(1) Through field observation and measurement has obtained under the tunnel excavation condition leakage condition and the tunnel total leakage quantity.
(2) Tunnel wells up in the water forecast, considered infiltrates the flow field and the stress field coupling function in a big way obtains the leakage quantity compares does not consider when the coupling above 30%.
(3) Through adjusts the penetration coefficient repeatedly, under the simulation natural transfusion condition the tunnel seepage quantity causes it with the actual seepage quantity match case, thus obtains the accurate penetration coefficient.
(4) According to the partition seepage parameter distribution in back analysis, obtained the tunnel's leakage quantity after Li Jiahe reservoir storage by simulation.
(5) Basis analog computation tunnel seep quantity, proposed the tunnel guards against infiltrates the design basis the suggestion. Analyzes the scene the transfusion condition, puts forward the revision design proposal: By the row primarily, the seepage quantity big spot increases the grouting measure, reduces the leakage quantity, reduces the draining water facility the pressure.
本文以蓝商高速公路李家河隧道为研究对象,进行的主要研究工作有:(1)分析了裂隙岩体渗流研究现状,明确了李家河隧道渗流分析的主要目标是正确估计水库蓄水后隧道的渗流量,为防、排水设计提供依据;(2)在隧道区域地质调查基础上,进行了隧道与水库之间裂隙调查与统计、断层调查。重点进行了隧道开挖期间渗流量的观测与分析;(3)结合现场钻孔压水实验、钻孔放水试验,初步确定了岩体的渗透系数;(4)建立了李家河隧道渗流数值模型,依据隧道开挖施工期间渗流量的现场观测结果,基于软件GEO-SLOPE的模拟分析反演得到分区渗流参数分布;(5)根据求得的渗流参数分布场,模拟了李家河水库蓄水后隧道的渗漏量,为隧道的防、排水设计提供了依据。在渗流分析过程中,对考虑耦合与不考虑耦合作用进行了比较。得出如下结论:
(1)通过现场观察、实测,获得了隧道开挖状态下的渗漏状态和隧道总的渗漏量。
(2)隧洞涌水预测中,考虑渗流场与应力场的耦合作用得到的渗漏量比不考虑耦合时大30%以上。
(3)通过反复调整渗透系数,模拟天然渗流状态下隧道的渗流量使之与实测渗流量相符,从而得出准确的渗透系数。
(4)根据反演得到的分区渗流参数分布,经模拟获得了水库蓄水后总的隧道渗水量。
(5)根据模拟计算的隧道渗水量,提出隧道防渗设计依据的建议。分析现场的渗流状态,提出修改设计的建议:以排为主,渗流量较大部位增加灌浆措施,减小渗漏量,减轻排水设施的压力。
Tunnel flooding is the common main geological disaster in the tunnel construction and operation. In deeply buried tunnel, geology condition is complex. Many geological units are opened out. Tunnel excavating, causes stress heavy distribution of rock mass in tunnel. Meanwhile destroyed the ground-water drainage channel.Therefore, It is very significant for observation and analysis of the rock mass infiltration flow fields in tunnel and adopting bailing technique in designation and construction of stress fields coupling.
In this article, the research object is Li Jiahe tunnel on Xi'an-Hefei highway, The main research work:(1)Analysis the status of fractured rock flow ,nail down the main object of Li jiahe tunnel Seepage analysis is estimating tunnel seepage discharge after water level of reservoir reach 880m, provide the basis for the drainage design;(2) Basis on the regional geological survey In the tunnel, investigate and statistic the cranny and faultage between tunnel and reservoir, investigate hydrogeological background of Li jiahe tunnel, focusing on seepage discharge observation and record during the excavation of the tunnel.(3) Bored with the scene of the pressurised water, drilling water test, firstly determined the rock permeability coefficient; (4) Established a seepage numerical model of Li jiahe tunnel, based on the seepage discharge observations at the scene during the excavation of the tunnel, based GEO-SLOPE software simulation analysis get hold of district parameters of seepage;(5) According to achieve the flow parameters distribution, simulation the leakage of the tunnel after Water Level of Reservoir reach 880m, provide the basis for the drainage design. In the process of seepage analysis, compared consider coupling with not consider coupling. Reached the following conclusions:
(1) Through field observation and measurement has obtained under the tunnel excavation condition leakage condition and the tunnel total leakage quantity.
(2) Tunnel wells up in the water forecast, considered infiltrates the flow field and the stress field coupling function in a big way obtains the leakage quantity compares does not consider when the coupling above 30%.
(3) Through adjusts the penetration coefficient repeatedly, under the simulation natural transfusion condition the tunnel seepage quantity causes it with the actual seepage quantity match case, thus obtains the accurate penetration coefficient.
(4) According to the partition seepage parameter distribution in back analysis, obtained the tunnel's leakage quantity after Li Jiahe reservoir storage by simulation.
(5) Basis analog computation tunnel seep quantity, proposed the tunnel guards against infiltrates the design basis the suggestion. Analyzes the scene the transfusion condition, puts forward the revision design proposal: By the row primarily, the seepage quantity big spot increases the grouting measure, reduces the leakage quantity, reduces the draining water facility the pressure.
引文
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[2]黄润秋,王贤能.深埋隧道工程主要灾害地质问题分析[J].水文地质工程地质,1998(4):21-24
[3]任旭华.富水区深埋长隧洞工程中的主要水问题及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1924-1929
[4]徐济川.大瑶山隧道的突泥涌水机制[J].铁道工程学报,1996,(2):83-89
[5]陈平,张有天.裂隙岩体渗流与应力耦合分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1994,13(4):299-308
[6]耿克勤,吴永平.拱坝和坝肩岩体的力学和渗流的耦合分析实例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(2):125-131
[7]王嫒,速宝玉.复杂裂隙岩体渗流与应力弹塑性全耦合分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(2):177-181
[8]杨太华,曾德顺.三峡船闸高边坡裂隙岩体的渗流损伤特征[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1997,8(2):13-18
[9]张国新,武晓峰.裂隙渗流对岩石边坡稳定的影响--渗流、变形耦合作用的DDA法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8),1269-1275
[10]王洪涛.裂隙网络渗流与离散元耦合分析充水岩质高边坡的稳定性[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,(2),30-32
[11]朱珍德,徐卫亚.裂隙岩体渗流场与损伤场耦合模型研究[J].河海大学学报,2003,31(2),156-160
[12]平扬.深基坑工程渗流.应力耦合分析数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2001,22(1),37-41
[13]刘亚晨.岩体裂隙结构面的温度一应力一水力耦合本构关系[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(2),196-200
[14]黄涛,杨立中.渗流一应力一温度耦合下裂隙围岩隧道涌水量的预测[J].西南交通大学学报,1999,34(5),554-559
[15]曹阿静.裂隙岩体渗流与应力耦合数值分析及其工程应用[D].武汉:武汉科技大学 2003[16]Louis C..Maini Y.N.T..Determination of in situ hydralic parameters in jointed rock.Proc.7Congr.ISRM,1970,VOL.1
[17]Romm.E.S..Flow Characteristics of Fractured Rocks.Nedra,Moscow,1966
[18]Long J.C.S.et al.Porous media equivalents for networks of discontinuous fractures.Water Resources Res..Vol.18,No.3,1982
[19]杜延龄,许国安,黄一和.复杂岩基三维渗流分析研究[J].水利学报.1984.3
[20]杨延毅,周维垣.裂隙岩体的渗流损伤耦合分析模型及其工程应用[J].水利学报,1991,(5):19-27
[21]杨太华,曾德顺.三峡船闸高边坡裂隙岩体的渗流损伤特征[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1997,8(2):13-18
[22]郑少河.裂隙岩体渗流损伤耦合模型的理论分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):156-159
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