石化生产过程多分辨率物流模型的建模方法
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摘要
流程工业企业的综合自动化对企业模型提出了多层次的需求,传统的企业建模方法难以满足企业层次化管理和优化控制的要求。现有的多分辨率建模方法存在模型形式化、模型校验、建模成木及一致性映射等问题,在对多分辨率模型需求分析、理论及应用研究现状进行系统评述的基础上,本文对多分辨率层次模型的形式化表达方法和建模方法进行了深入的研究,解决了层次化描述模型和分析模型的集成建模问题。主要研究内容如下:
第一,在理论层面上,传统多分辨率建模方法不适用于企业建模,本文针对企业建模中描述模型和分析模型集成建模的需求,研究了系统属性的分类定义问题,提出了一种基于多节点结构模型的多分辨率层次模型形式化描述方法。多分辨率模型校验是有效建模的保证,至今尚无明显进展。本文建立了一套多分辨率层次模型的评价指标体系,包括模型一致性、完备性、正确性及可观测性等指标。
第二,在建模方法上,研究了不同分辨率层次模型中实体对象及其结构关联关系,解决了复杂系统多节点分布式结构建模问题。提出了两种分别适合于模型重用和高效建模的多分辨率层次模型建模策略;利用建模成木和状态可观测性概念,提出一种层次模型最大可观测度优化建模算法。
第三,在工程应用上,通过研究石化企业集成管理和控制对物流建模的层次化需求,提出了多分辨率层次化物流模型建模框架和形式化描述方法,分析了层次物流模型重用式建模策略和效率优先建模策略。提出了一种将层次物流形式化模型转化为物流拓扑图的方法:提出了一种物流拓扑图关联矩阵空间聚集映射算法,实现了物流模型的同态、同构一致映射。
物流模型在石化MES软件和智能工厂实验系统设计和实施中得到实际应用,实现了层次模型的一致性在线验证,取得了满意的应用效果。
To meet the demand of modeling for enterprise-wide optimization and control system, it is often necessary to build an enterprise model with different levels of detail. Multi-Resolution Modeling (MRM), which combines and executes multiple models of the same enterprise jointly, has attracted more and more attention. Previous MRM approaches have encountered problems such as model formalization, model evaluation, high cost of modeling and mapping inconsistency. After a survey of major issues in Multi-Resolution modeling, we eliminate these problems by showing how to achieve MRM correctly, consistently and inexpensively. The main contributions in this dissertation are listed as follows:
The formalization description of enterprise modeling is the foundation of MRM theory. Previous MRM formalization descriptions, such as DEVS and UNIFY, have encountered problems when they are applied in enterprise modeling. After analysis of the shortcomings of these descriptions, a kind of MRM formalization description base on the Multi-Node Structured System(MNSS) is proposed, which extends the definition and classification of node's property to provide both analysis function and descriptive function in enterprise models. The nodes in a MNSS have the same or similar resolution and are related one another to model an enterprise in the given level of detail. MRM formalization description proposed in this dissertation involves several layer of MNSS with different resolution depending on the demand of enterprise modeling.
MRM evaluation is very important for effective modeling, but it is still a blank in this area until now. A set of model evaluation index, including consistency, completeness, correctness and observably, is established for MRM.
To achieve effective MRM, the dissertation focus on the relationship between structure and properties of the MNSSs at different levels of resolution. Two kinds of multi-resolution modeling strategy suitable for model reuse and cost-efficient modeling are proposed. A hierarchical modeling method is also proposed to maximize the overall observability of the MRM with given modeling cost.
An approach for hierarchical material flow modeling and its formalization description based on MRM were introduced in the integrated automation system for petrochemical industry. A Conversion method of material flow topography from its hierarchical formalization model is also proposed. A kind of space aggregation algorithm based on the material flow topography of the logistics associated matrix is designed to achieve the consist mapping of homomorphism and isomorphism in material flow MRM.
The method of material flow MRM has been successfully applied in the design and implementation of the MES system in a real petrochemical enterprise. The on-line consistency verification of the hierarchical material flow model have been conducted in the MES system and satisfactory results are observed. Finally, the material flow MRM has been successfully applied in the Intelligent Plant Experimental System.
第一,在理论层面上,传统多分辨率建模方法不适用于企业建模,本文针对企业建模中描述模型和分析模型集成建模的需求,研究了系统属性的分类定义问题,提出了一种基于多节点结构模型的多分辨率层次模型形式化描述方法。多分辨率模型校验是有效建模的保证,至今尚无明显进展。本文建立了一套多分辨率层次模型的评价指标体系,包括模型一致性、完备性、正确性及可观测性等指标。
第二,在建模方法上,研究了不同分辨率层次模型中实体对象及其结构关联关系,解决了复杂系统多节点分布式结构建模问题。提出了两种分别适合于模型重用和高效建模的多分辨率层次模型建模策略;利用建模成木和状态可观测性概念,提出一种层次模型最大可观测度优化建模算法。
第三,在工程应用上,通过研究石化企业集成管理和控制对物流建模的层次化需求,提出了多分辨率层次化物流模型建模框架和形式化描述方法,分析了层次物流模型重用式建模策略和效率优先建模策略。提出了一种将层次物流形式化模型转化为物流拓扑图的方法:提出了一种物流拓扑图关联矩阵空间聚集映射算法,实现了物流模型的同态、同构一致映射。
物流模型在石化MES软件和智能工厂实验系统设计和实施中得到实际应用,实现了层次模型的一致性在线验证,取得了满意的应用效果。
To meet the demand of modeling for enterprise-wide optimization and control system, it is often necessary to build an enterprise model with different levels of detail. Multi-Resolution Modeling (MRM), which combines and executes multiple models of the same enterprise jointly, has attracted more and more attention. Previous MRM approaches have encountered problems such as model formalization, model evaluation, high cost of modeling and mapping inconsistency. After a survey of major issues in Multi-Resolution modeling, we eliminate these problems by showing how to achieve MRM correctly, consistently and inexpensively. The main contributions in this dissertation are listed as follows:
The formalization description of enterprise modeling is the foundation of MRM theory. Previous MRM formalization descriptions, such as DEVS and UNIFY, have encountered problems when they are applied in enterprise modeling. After analysis of the shortcomings of these descriptions, a kind of MRM formalization description base on the Multi-Node Structured System(MNSS) is proposed, which extends the definition and classification of node's property to provide both analysis function and descriptive function in enterprise models. The nodes in a MNSS have the same or similar resolution and are related one another to model an enterprise in the given level of detail. MRM formalization description proposed in this dissertation involves several layer of MNSS with different resolution depending on the demand of enterprise modeling.
MRM evaluation is very important for effective modeling, but it is still a blank in this area until now. A set of model evaluation index, including consistency, completeness, correctness and observably, is established for MRM.
To achieve effective MRM, the dissertation focus on the relationship between structure and properties of the MNSSs at different levels of resolution. Two kinds of multi-resolution modeling strategy suitable for model reuse and cost-efficient modeling are proposed. A hierarchical modeling method is also proposed to maximize the overall observability of the MRM with given modeling cost.
An approach for hierarchical material flow modeling and its formalization description based on MRM were introduced in the integrated automation system for petrochemical industry. A Conversion method of material flow topography from its hierarchical formalization model is also proposed. A kind of space aggregation algorithm based on the material flow topography of the logistics associated matrix is designed to achieve the consist mapping of homomorphism and isomorphism in material flow MRM.
The method of material flow MRM has been successfully applied in the design and implementation of the MES system in a real petrochemical enterprise. The on-line consistency verification of the hierarchical material flow model have been conducted in the MES system and satisfactory results are observed. Finally, the material flow MRM has been successfully applied in the Intelligent Plant Experimental System.
引文
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[2] Allen JF. Towards a general theory of action and time. Artificial Intelligence,1984,23(2), 123-154.
[3] Anton AK. Transfer functions in hierarchical production planning(HPP). The Second International Conference on Research and Education in Mathematics(ICREM2), 2005, 705-716.
[4] Arbib M. A mathematical theory of systems engineering: the elements.Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions, 1970, 15(3), 407-408.
[5] Bailey R, Ahl V, Allen TFH. Hierarchy Theory: A Vision, Vocabulary, and Epistemology. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.
[6] Balci O. Principles of simulation model validation, variation, and testing.Transactions of the Society for Computer Simulation. International (Special Issue: Principles of Simulation), 1997, 14(1), 3-12.
[7] Balci O. Verification, validation and accreditation of simulation models.Proceedings of the 1997 Winter Simulation Conference(WSC), 1997.
[8] Ball P. Abstracting performance in hierarchical manufacturing simulation.Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 1998, vol.76, P246-251
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[10]Bernus P, Nemes L. A framework to define a generic enterprise reference architecture and methodology. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,1996,9(3), 179-191.
[11]Bettini C, Dyreson CE, Evans WS, Snodgrass RT, Wang XS. A glossary of time granularity concepts, in Temporal databases research and practice. LNCS 1399, Springer, 1998, 406-413.
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[13] Cameron IT. Modern process modeling: multi-scale and goal-directed.Proceedings of the 14th International Drying Symposium (IDS), 2004, 3-17.
[14]Caughlin D, Sisti AF. A summary of model abstraction techniques, enabling technology for simulation Science(II). Proceeding of SPIE AeoroSense, 1998.
[15]Chai TY(柴天佑), Jin YH, Ren DX, Shao HH, Qian JX, Li P, Gui WH, Zheng BL. Contemporary integrated manufacturing system based on three-layer structure in process industry. Control Engineering of CHINA, 2002, 9(3), 5-9.
[16] Chang IC, Hwang HG, Liaw HC, Hung MC, Chen SL, Yen DC. A neural network evaluation model for ERP performance from SCM perspective to enhance enterprise competitive advantage. Expert Systems with Applications,2008,35, 1809-1816.
[17]Chapurlata V, Kamsu-Foguema B, Prunet F. Enterprise model verification and validation: an approach. Annual Reviews in Control, 2003, 27, 185-197.
[18]Chapurlata V, Kamsu-Foguema B, Prunetb F. A formal verification framework and associated tools for enterprise modeling: application to UEML.Computers in Industry, 2006, 57, 153-166.
[19]Chapurlata V, Braesch Ch. Verification/validation and accreditation of enterprise models. Information Control Problems in Manufacturing.Proceedings of the 12th IFAC Conference, 2006, 597-602.
[20]Cubert RM, Fishwick PA. A Framework for distributed object-oriented multi-Modeling and simulation. Proceedings of Winter Simulation Conference(WSC), 1997.
[21]Das BP, Rickard JG, Shah N, Macchietto S. An investigation on integration of aggregate production planning, master production scheduling and short-term production scheduling of batch process operations through a common data model. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 2000,24, 1625-1631.
[22] Dangelmaier W, Mueck B. Using dynamic multi-resolution modeling to analyze large material flow systems. Proceedings of the 2004 Winter Simulation Conference(WSC), 2004, 1720-1727.
[23] Davis PK. Experiments in Multi-resolution Modeling (MRM). Bigelow J H.RAND MR-1004-OSD. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation, 1998.
[24] Davis PK, Hillestad R. Families of models that cross levels of resolution:issues for design, calibration and management. Proceedings of the 1993 Winter Simulation Conference(WSC), 2003, 1003-1012.
[25] Davis PK. New paradigms and new challenges. Proceedings of the 2005 Winter Simulation Conference(WSC), 1067-1077.
[26]Delen D, Pratt DB, Kamath M. A new paradigm for manufacturing enterprise modeling: reusable, multi-tool modeling. Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference(WSC), 1996, 981-990.
[27]Delena D, Pratt DB. An integrated and intelligent DSS for manufacturing systems. Expert Systems with Applications, 2006, 30, 325-336.
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