框架梁柱节点性能研究之测试方法与边界条件的分析
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摘要
节点是框架的重要组成部分,近三十年来,国内外进行了大量的节点性能试验、理论分析和有限元模拟。分析国内外的研究成果,可以发现存在一些问题:节点试验的测试方法和试验条件缺乏标准;处理试验数据和选择M—θ模型的多元化和非确定性;有限元分析中建模、接触处理等差异和所带来的影响很难评估;各种计算节点初始刚度和承载力公式的合理性和适用性的验证问题。这些问题说明需要建立一套包括试验研究和理论分析、有限元模拟的框架节点性能研究标准方法,才能实现科研资源的节约优化,实现节点性能研究的系统化。
本文首次系统地对节点性能的测试方法和试验边界条件进行研究,初步建立节点性能研究的标准测试方法体系,对试验边界条件设置提出推荐性做法。
在测试方法研究中,首先,对国内外既有节点性能测试方法进行了系统分析,总结存在的问题。其次,提出“梁—柱变形位移”的概念,探讨由梁—柱变形位移推算结构分析所需的连接相对转角的方法。接着,通过简支梁试验和边节点试验,探讨节点转角测试和节点域剪切变形测试的方法。最后,提出了节点转角和节点域剪切变形测试的推荐性方法,该推荐性方法可纳入“标准方法”的体系。
在边界条件研究中,首先分析了既有节点试验中梁、柱边界设置的情况,指出与实际结构存在的差异。其次,对边节点试件设置了三种柱端边界和两种梁端边界,通过试验探讨边界条件、柱轴压力等因素对反映节点性能所造成的影响。接着,利用有限元工具进行更广泛的节点分析,比较边界条件、柱轴压力、梁柱线刚度比等的影响。最后,给出节点试验中边界条件的推荐性做法和建议。
Joints are the major component of frame, lots of experiments, theory analysis and finite element simulation on joints behaviors had been done in recent thirty years at home and abroad. There are some problems can be found from these productions. The criterion of testing method and experimental condition of joints is absent. How to deal with the testing data and how to select a suitable M—θmodel are uncertain and multiple. The difference of making model and dispose contact in finite element analysis, and the effect that made by the difference may not be estimated. It is difficulty to validate the rationality and applicability of various formulas that to calculate initial stiffness and bearing capacity. The above problems show that it is necessary to constitute a set of standard methods of research on joints’behaviors in frame. The standard methods may include experiment, theoretical analysis and finite element simulation. Only by this way, the optimization and economization of research resource and the systematization of research achievements can be achieved.
In this paper, testing method and boundary condition of beam-to-column joint behavior in frame are studied systematically for the first time. The preliminary standard testing method system of study on joint behavior is built. Some recommendations of boundary constrain condition in experiment are proposed systematically.
The study of testing method includes several aspects. Firstly, existent research findings are evaluated, and some existing problems are summarized. Secondly, a notion of the displacement due to the deformation of beam-to-column connection is provided, and how to gain the relative rotation from the deformation of beam-to-column connection is analyzed. Thirdly, the testing methods of joint rotation and shear deformation of panel zone are investigated by simple-supported beam and fringe joint experiment. Finally, many methods are proposed. These recommendatory methods can be brought into the system of standard method.
The study of boundary condition includes several aspects. Firstly, the setting of existent joint experiments is enumerated, and the difference between experiments and actual structure is analyzed. Secondly, the influences of boundary condition and axial pressure at column are investigated by fringe joint experiment. There are there dissimilar constrains at column end and two dissimilar constrains at beam end in fringe joint experiment. Thirdly, lots of analyses are made by FEM. Some influencing factors, such as boundary condition, axial pressure at column, stiffness ratio of beam to column are studied. Finally, some recommendatory methods and suggests are provided.
本文首次系统地对节点性能的测试方法和试验边界条件进行研究,初步建立节点性能研究的标准测试方法体系,对试验边界条件设置提出推荐性做法。
在测试方法研究中,首先,对国内外既有节点性能测试方法进行了系统分析,总结存在的问题。其次,提出“梁—柱变形位移”的概念,探讨由梁—柱变形位移推算结构分析所需的连接相对转角的方法。接着,通过简支梁试验和边节点试验,探讨节点转角测试和节点域剪切变形测试的方法。最后,提出了节点转角和节点域剪切变形测试的推荐性方法,该推荐性方法可纳入“标准方法”的体系。
在边界条件研究中,首先分析了既有节点试验中梁、柱边界设置的情况,指出与实际结构存在的差异。其次,对边节点试件设置了三种柱端边界和两种梁端边界,通过试验探讨边界条件、柱轴压力等因素对反映节点性能所造成的影响。接着,利用有限元工具进行更广泛的节点分析,比较边界条件、柱轴压力、梁柱线刚度比等的影响。最后,给出节点试验中边界条件的推荐性做法和建议。
Joints are the major component of frame, lots of experiments, theory analysis and finite element simulation on joints behaviors had been done in recent thirty years at home and abroad. There are some problems can be found from these productions. The criterion of testing method and experimental condition of joints is absent. How to deal with the testing data and how to select a suitable M—θmodel are uncertain and multiple. The difference of making model and dispose contact in finite element analysis, and the effect that made by the difference may not be estimated. It is difficulty to validate the rationality and applicability of various formulas that to calculate initial stiffness and bearing capacity. The above problems show that it is necessary to constitute a set of standard methods of research on joints’behaviors in frame. The standard methods may include experiment, theoretical analysis and finite element simulation. Only by this way, the optimization and economization of research resource and the systematization of research achievements can be achieved.
In this paper, testing method and boundary condition of beam-to-column joint behavior in frame are studied systematically for the first time. The preliminary standard testing method system of study on joint behavior is built. Some recommendations of boundary constrain condition in experiment are proposed systematically.
The study of testing method includes several aspects. Firstly, existent research findings are evaluated, and some existing problems are summarized. Secondly, a notion of the displacement due to the deformation of beam-to-column connection is provided, and how to gain the relative rotation from the deformation of beam-to-column connection is analyzed. Thirdly, the testing methods of joint rotation and shear deformation of panel zone are investigated by simple-supported beam and fringe joint experiment. Finally, many methods are proposed. These recommendatory methods can be brought into the system of standard method.
The study of boundary condition includes several aspects. Firstly, the setting of existent joint experiments is enumerated, and the difference between experiments and actual structure is analyzed. Secondly, the influences of boundary condition and axial pressure at column are investigated by fringe joint experiment. There are there dissimilar constrains at column end and two dissimilar constrains at beam end in fringe joint experiment. Thirdly, lots of analyses are made by FEM. Some influencing factors, such as boundary condition, axial pressure at column, stiffness ratio of beam to column are studied. Finally, some recommendatory methods and suggests are provided.
引文
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