第十九届世界杯足球比赛前场定位球战术运用分析
摘要
世界杯足球赛是国际足坛最高级别的足球赛事,世界杯比赛中所展现出来的技战术趋势和打法特征在某种意义上预示了足球运动的发展方向,认真研究世界杯比赛中表现出的攻守战术运用特点,有助于我们了解世界足球的发展潮流,把握其脉搏,对于我们借鉴、指导和修正自己的训练体系都有着重要的意义。近半个世纪以来,“稳固防守是取胜的基础”这一指导思想一直主导着现代足球比赛攻守矛盾的基本走向,成为当今足球比赛处理攻守关系的基本策略。由于防守能力增强,使进攻的空间越来越小,难度越来越大。同时,由于防守拼抢激烈,犯规次数不断增多,使进攻方获得和利用定位球创造射门的机会也随之增加,前场定位球进攻战术的运用效果,已成为影响比赛胜败结果的重要因素之一。本研究通过对第十九届世界杯足球比赛前场定位球进攻战术运用情况进行统计、分析,探讨本届世界杯足球比赛定位球进攻战术运用特点和趋势。
本文采用文献法、观察法、数量统计法、调查访谈法等对第十九届世界杯前场定位球进攻战术的运用进行分析,在分析研究中发现一些规律:1.前场定位球进攻战术是比赛中进攻和得分的重要武器,越来越受到各球队的重视,本届世界杯中有49个进球是通过定位球完成的,占总进球的34.03%。在世界高水平的比赛中,2区、3区、6区、7区是定位球实施的主要区域。2.前场任意球是前场定位球进攻战术中的重要组成部分,前场任意球的进球时间主要分布在上半场的25-30分钟和下半场的50-55分钟,发生的区域主要集中于中路的10区和11区,进攻的战术形式主要是将球直接传入罚球区内,射门的脚法主要以脚背内侧为主,球的落点主要集中在6区和7区。3.角球是前场定位球进攻战术中第二得分手段,角球的主要进攻形式就是直接将球踢到罚球区内,球的运行轨迹是以内弧线球为主,头顶球得分是主要的得分部位,球的落点主要集中在2区和3区。4.罚球点球的脚法主要以脚内侧与脚背内侧为主,射向球门的位置是球门的右下角与左下角。5.前场掷界外球进攻战术是比赛得分的辅助手段,战术形式主要是将界外球直接掷向危险区域。
通过对前场定位球的分析,提出以下几点建议:1.在平时的训练中,要加强前场任意球的进攻战术配合练习,提高主罚球员的传球率和直接射门的成功率,增强抢点队员对落点的稳定性,提高抢点能力,同伴之间要配合默契,明确分工,由谁抢点由谁补射,在罚球区附近接应的队员要积极跑位,占据有利位置。同时还要根据不同区域,在主罚任意球时要有不同的战略对策,在边路发动的任意球,就要采取长传的进攻方式,就是将球准确的传到具有危险的区域内有利于同伴的接应;在中路发动的任意球,就要采取直接射门的方式,加强一拨一射、一踩一射的射门方式。2.在平时的训练中,加强角球的传球质量,使其传球轨迹为内弧线球,增大角球面对球门的威胁性,加强球员的注意力和抢点能力、头顶球能力,应变能力。在重视内弧线球的同时也要重视使用外弧线球,使得进攻的方式更加灵活,具有多变性。3.在平时的训练中,要加强前场界外球的掷球质量,要根据防守的人数以及本队队员站的位置采取不同的掷球方式,在防守队员紧逼身后的情况下,就要将球掷到脚下,同伴在接到球后可采取转身突破或者回传球再次做配合的方式,也可以将球直接掷向后方,从后场重新发功进攻。4.在平时的训练中,要有针对性的练习罚球点球,在得分较多的区域(左下角和右下角)多采用有把握的射门方式:脚内侧射门,更好的提高罚球点球的质量,在其他区域要控制射门的速度和角度,还有触球的脚型。5.在平时的训练中,要使其与比赛的气氛相联系,提高球员的心理承受能力,还要提高射门的效率,根据射门位置的不同选择不同的射门脚法,还要提高球员补射的能力,加强补射的意识。6.在平时的训练中,要在前场的不同区域进行练习,尤其是在罚球区附近的角球,提高传球的质量,把握传球的力量,增加无球队员的跑动,接球队员要集中注意力,随时观察场上的情况。
World Cup soccer is the international football competition, the highest-level football World Cup game tactics appear trend and play features in a sense indicates the development direction of the football World Cup, a careful study showed the characteristics of proving tactical, helps us understand the trend of world football, grasp their pulse, for our reference and guidance and modify his training system is of great significance. Nearly half a century, the "solid defensively is based" this win guiding ideology of modern football game have dominated the basic direction of the pitching contradictory for the football match, the basic strategy to deal with pitching relationship. Due to the defensive ability strengthens; make the space more and smaller, attacking increasingly difficult. At the same time, because of intense, defensive fighting fouls has increased, to acquire and use the attacking shot opportunities created from set-pieces, also adds subsequently proving tactical frontcourt set-piece effect, has become the impact games is one of the important factors here. By researching the 19th World Cup football championships frontcourt set-piece offense and defense strategies application by statistics, analysis, discusses the World Cup football match set-piece attacking tactical characteristics and trends.
This paper adopts literature, observation, quantity statistics, investigation interview law on the 19th World Cup frontcourt set-piece offense using analysis, found on the analysis of some rules: 1.frontcourt set-piece offense was the game offensive and scoring important weapon, more and more get the attention, the teams in the World Cup finals have 49 goals is done by set-piece total goal, 34.03%. In the world a high level of competition, 2 division, 3 area, six district, seven area is the main area is set-piece implementation is 2.frontcourt free-kick set-pieces offense frontcourt in the important part of the goal, frontcourt free-kick mainly distributed in the first half time 25 to 30 minutes and the second half of the 50-55 minutes, happen area mainly focus on the middle district 10 and 11 area, attack tactics forms are the ball will be introduced into the penalty area, shot directly touch mainly instep inside the ball placement mainly focused on the six districts and seven area. 3. Corner is in the frontcourt set-piece offense the second score means, corner main attack directly form is kicking the ball into the penalty area, the ball within the orbit is mainly free kick found overheads score is mainly a scoring area, ball placement mainly concentrated in 2 division and 3 area. 4. The free-throw touch major foot for penalty medial and instep inside is given priority to, the position is slashing goal with the bottom left corner of the goal penalty corner of the main reason is caused by other stumbles and falls box handball. 5. Frontcourt out-of-bounds play the game scoring tactics are auxiliary means, tactical forms are will to toss in bounding danger zone directly.
Through to the front positioning analysis, put forward the following suggestions: 1 in peacetime training, to strengthen the front field free kick attack tactic with the exercises, improve take players passing rate and direct shot success rate, enhanced from players on the placement stability, improve the ability to peer Qiangdian, to cooperate tacit understanding, clear division of labor by the time when, who by who, in the penalty area get-away near team to actively move, occupy a favorable position. At the same time, according to different regions, in a free-kick to have different strategies, in the flank launched the free kick, to take a long way to attack the ball, is accurate to the dangerous area facilitates peer short; in the middle of an arbitrary ball, to take a direct shot way, strengthen a shot, a step on a shoot the shot. 2 in peacetime training, strengthening the corner pass quality, passing track for the inswinger, increasing the corner facing the goal threat, strengthen the player’s attention and ability to head the ball round, ability, strain capacity. The inswinger also should pay attention to using the outswinger, the attack mode more flexible, with variety. 3 in peacetime training, to strengthen the offensive foul ball quality, according to the defense of the number and the team members stand position to take a different way of throwing the ball, in the defenders press behind the case, will throw the ball into the feet, peer in after receiving the ball can take turns a breakthrough or a back pass to do with the ball, can also be directly thrown to the rear, from the backcourt attack again. 4 in peacetime training, to targeted exercises the penalty kick, in scoring more regions (lower left and lower right corner ) uses the sure shot way: the medial side of the foot to shoot, to better improve the quality of the penalty kick, in other regions to control the shot speed and angle, and the ball foot type. 5 in peacetime training, to make it and the game atmosphere photograph connection, improves the player 's psychological bearing capacity, but also improve the efficiency of shooting, shooting position according to the different choices of different shooting technique, but also to improve the ability of players up, strengthen the consciousness of derby. 6 in peacetime training, should be in front of practice, especially in the penalty area near the corner, improving the passing quality, grasp the passing power, and increase the players without the ball running, ball players to concentrate, to observe the field situation.
本文采用文献法、观察法、数量统计法、调查访谈法等对第十九届世界杯前场定位球进攻战术的运用进行分析,在分析研究中发现一些规律:1.前场定位球进攻战术是比赛中进攻和得分的重要武器,越来越受到各球队的重视,本届世界杯中有49个进球是通过定位球完成的,占总进球的34.03%。在世界高水平的比赛中,2区、3区、6区、7区是定位球实施的主要区域。2.前场任意球是前场定位球进攻战术中的重要组成部分,前场任意球的进球时间主要分布在上半场的25-30分钟和下半场的50-55分钟,发生的区域主要集中于中路的10区和11区,进攻的战术形式主要是将球直接传入罚球区内,射门的脚法主要以脚背内侧为主,球的落点主要集中在6区和7区。3.角球是前场定位球进攻战术中第二得分手段,角球的主要进攻形式就是直接将球踢到罚球区内,球的运行轨迹是以内弧线球为主,头顶球得分是主要的得分部位,球的落点主要集中在2区和3区。4.罚球点球的脚法主要以脚内侧与脚背内侧为主,射向球门的位置是球门的右下角与左下角。5.前场掷界外球进攻战术是比赛得分的辅助手段,战术形式主要是将界外球直接掷向危险区域。
通过对前场定位球的分析,提出以下几点建议:1.在平时的训练中,要加强前场任意球的进攻战术配合练习,提高主罚球员的传球率和直接射门的成功率,增强抢点队员对落点的稳定性,提高抢点能力,同伴之间要配合默契,明确分工,由谁抢点由谁补射,在罚球区附近接应的队员要积极跑位,占据有利位置。同时还要根据不同区域,在主罚任意球时要有不同的战略对策,在边路发动的任意球,就要采取长传的进攻方式,就是将球准确的传到具有危险的区域内有利于同伴的接应;在中路发动的任意球,就要采取直接射门的方式,加强一拨一射、一踩一射的射门方式。2.在平时的训练中,加强角球的传球质量,使其传球轨迹为内弧线球,增大角球面对球门的威胁性,加强球员的注意力和抢点能力、头顶球能力,应变能力。在重视内弧线球的同时也要重视使用外弧线球,使得进攻的方式更加灵活,具有多变性。3.在平时的训练中,要加强前场界外球的掷球质量,要根据防守的人数以及本队队员站的位置采取不同的掷球方式,在防守队员紧逼身后的情况下,就要将球掷到脚下,同伴在接到球后可采取转身突破或者回传球再次做配合的方式,也可以将球直接掷向后方,从后场重新发功进攻。4.在平时的训练中,要有针对性的练习罚球点球,在得分较多的区域(左下角和右下角)多采用有把握的射门方式:脚内侧射门,更好的提高罚球点球的质量,在其他区域要控制射门的速度和角度,还有触球的脚型。5.在平时的训练中,要使其与比赛的气氛相联系,提高球员的心理承受能力,还要提高射门的效率,根据射门位置的不同选择不同的射门脚法,还要提高球员补射的能力,加强补射的意识。6.在平时的训练中,要在前场的不同区域进行练习,尤其是在罚球区附近的角球,提高传球的质量,把握传球的力量,增加无球队员的跑动,接球队员要集中注意力,随时观察场上的情况。
World Cup soccer is the international football competition, the highest-level football World Cup game tactics appear trend and play features in a sense indicates the development direction of the football World Cup, a careful study showed the characteristics of proving tactical, helps us understand the trend of world football, grasp their pulse, for our reference and guidance and modify his training system is of great significance. Nearly half a century, the "solid defensively is based" this win guiding ideology of modern football game have dominated the basic direction of the pitching contradictory for the football match, the basic strategy to deal with pitching relationship. Due to the defensive ability strengthens; make the space more and smaller, attacking increasingly difficult. At the same time, because of intense, defensive fighting fouls has increased, to acquire and use the attacking shot opportunities created from set-pieces, also adds subsequently proving tactical frontcourt set-piece effect, has become the impact games is one of the important factors here. By researching the 19th World Cup football championships frontcourt set-piece offense and defense strategies application by statistics, analysis, discusses the World Cup football match set-piece attacking tactical characteristics and trends.
This paper adopts literature, observation, quantity statistics, investigation interview law on the 19th World Cup frontcourt set-piece offense using analysis, found on the analysis of some rules: 1.frontcourt set-piece offense was the game offensive and scoring important weapon, more and more get the attention, the teams in the World Cup finals have 49 goals is done by set-piece total goal, 34.03%. In the world a high level of competition, 2 division, 3 area, six district, seven area is the main area is set-piece implementation is 2.frontcourt free-kick set-pieces offense frontcourt in the important part of the goal, frontcourt free-kick mainly distributed in the first half time 25 to 30 minutes and the second half of the 50-55 minutes, happen area mainly focus on the middle district 10 and 11 area, attack tactics forms are the ball will be introduced into the penalty area, shot directly touch mainly instep inside the ball placement mainly focused on the six districts and seven area. 3. Corner is in the frontcourt set-piece offense the second score means, corner main attack directly form is kicking the ball into the penalty area, the ball within the orbit is mainly free kick found overheads score is mainly a scoring area, ball placement mainly concentrated in 2 division and 3 area. 4. The free-throw touch major foot for penalty medial and instep inside is given priority to, the position is slashing goal with the bottom left corner of the goal penalty corner of the main reason is caused by other stumbles and falls box handball. 5. Frontcourt out-of-bounds play the game scoring tactics are auxiliary means, tactical forms are will to toss in bounding danger zone directly.
Through to the front positioning analysis, put forward the following suggestions: 1 in peacetime training, to strengthen the front field free kick attack tactic with the exercises, improve take players passing rate and direct shot success rate, enhanced from players on the placement stability, improve the ability to peer Qiangdian, to cooperate tacit understanding, clear division of labor by the time when, who by who, in the penalty area get-away near team to actively move, occupy a favorable position. At the same time, according to different regions, in a free-kick to have different strategies, in the flank launched the free kick, to take a long way to attack the ball, is accurate to the dangerous area facilitates peer short; in the middle of an arbitrary ball, to take a direct shot way, strengthen a shot, a step on a shoot the shot. 2 in peacetime training, strengthening the corner pass quality, passing track for the inswinger, increasing the corner facing the goal threat, strengthen the player’s attention and ability to head the ball round, ability, strain capacity. The inswinger also should pay attention to using the outswinger, the attack mode more flexible, with variety. 3 in peacetime training, to strengthen the offensive foul ball quality, according to the defense of the number and the team members stand position to take a different way of throwing the ball, in the defenders press behind the case, will throw the ball into the feet, peer in after receiving the ball can take turns a breakthrough or a back pass to do with the ball, can also be directly thrown to the rear, from the backcourt attack again. 4 in peacetime training, to targeted exercises the penalty kick, in scoring more regions (lower left and lower right corner ) uses the sure shot way: the medial side of the foot to shoot, to better improve the quality of the penalty kick, in other regions to control the shot speed and angle, and the ball foot type. 5 in peacetime training, to make it and the game atmosphere photograph connection, improves the player 's psychological bearing capacity, but also improve the efficiency of shooting, shooting position according to the different choices of different shooting technique, but also to improve the ability of players up, strengthen the consciousness of derby. 6 in peacetime training, should be in front of practice, especially in the penalty area near the corner, improving the passing quality, grasp the passing power, and increase the players without the ball running, ball players to concentrate, to observe the field situation.
引文
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