我国排污权交易对市场结构影响研究
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摘要
我国环境保护虽然取得积极进展,但保护环境形势依然严峻。“十五”期间产业结构优化和重点污染物减排等没有取得突破性进展,随着我国人口继续增加,城市化进程加快,经济社会发展与资源环境约束的矛盾越来越突出,环境保护面临更严峻的挑战。
本文首先论述了排污权交易的背景、目的及意义,介绍了国内外的研究动态。其次阐述排污权交易的基本理论体系,包括排污权的内涵、环境权的内涵、排污权交易市场的概述和其相关理论基础。第三通过对国内外排污权交易的现状分析及借鉴国外的成功经验,找出我国排污权交易当中存在的问题。第四,分析了排污权交易对生产市场结构的影响,并对黑龙江省进行了排污权交易的实例分析。最后,基于上述研究以及我国的具体国情,提出一些构建我国排污权交易市场的措施。
Despite the enviorment protection is in active progress in China, the environment condition for the whole country is still serious. Neither the shift in the mode of economic growth nor the control of major pollutants has got the breakthrough during the 10th Five-Year Plan period (2001-05), with the increase of population and the acceleration of Urbanization in China, the conflict between the constraint of enviorment and the social development is more evident and more severe challenges are faced with enviormental proctection.
The thesis firstly issues the background, aim and the meaning of the Pollutio Discharge Right Trade, introduces the Research situation at home and abroad. Secondly, the basic theory system of Pollutio Discharge Right Trade is represented, including the conception, the connotation of Environmental Rights,the general introduction to Pollutio Discharge Right Trade Market and the basis of various theories. Thirdly, concerning the current situation, the problem of China's Pollutio Discharge Right Trade is identified via drawing on the experience of other countries; Fourth, analyzed the impact of emissions trading on market structure, and the protocols of Pollutio Discharge Right Trade analysis in Heilongjiang Province. Finally, based on the above research and the fact of our country, some measures to construct the Pollutio Discharge Right Trade in China are proposed.
本文首先论述了排污权交易的背景、目的及意义,介绍了国内外的研究动态。其次阐述排污权交易的基本理论体系,包括排污权的内涵、环境权的内涵、排污权交易市场的概述和其相关理论基础。第三通过对国内外排污权交易的现状分析及借鉴国外的成功经验,找出我国排污权交易当中存在的问题。第四,分析了排污权交易对生产市场结构的影响,并对黑龙江省进行了排污权交易的实例分析。最后,基于上述研究以及我国的具体国情,提出一些构建我国排污权交易市场的措施。
Despite the enviorment protection is in active progress in China, the environment condition for the whole country is still serious. Neither the shift in the mode of economic growth nor the control of major pollutants has got the breakthrough during the 10th Five-Year Plan period (2001-05), with the increase of population and the acceleration of Urbanization in China, the conflict between the constraint of enviorment and the social development is more evident and more severe challenges are faced with enviormental proctection.
The thesis firstly issues the background, aim and the meaning of the Pollutio Discharge Right Trade, introduces the Research situation at home and abroad. Secondly, the basic theory system of Pollutio Discharge Right Trade is represented, including the conception, the connotation of Environmental Rights,the general introduction to Pollutio Discharge Right Trade Market and the basis of various theories. Thirdly, concerning the current situation, the problem of China's Pollutio Discharge Right Trade is identified via drawing on the experience of other countries; Fourth, analyzed the impact of emissions trading on market structure, and the protocols of Pollutio Discharge Right Trade analysis in Heilongjiang Province. Finally, based on the above research and the fact of our country, some measures to construct the Pollutio Discharge Right Trade in China are proposed.
引文
[1]汪劲.中国环境法原理[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2000
[2]罗勇,曾晓非.环境保护的经济手段[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2002
[3]Hahn R W. Market power and transferable property rights [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics 1984,99 (10):753～765
[4]Westskog H. Market power in a system of tradable CO2 quotas [J]. Energy Journal,1996,17:85～103
[5]Malik A S. Further results on permit markets with market power and cheating [J]. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2002,44:371～390
[6]MalikA5.Enforeement costs and the choice of policy instruments for controlling pollution [J].EeonomieInquiry,1996,30:161-173.
[7]Stranlund, J. K. Transferable Emissions Endogenous Monitoring and Enforcement of a Permit System[J].Journal Environmental of Economics and Management,1999,38:267-282.
[8]Zhao W H, Dai TS. Study on the emergence of market power in emission right market [C].Proceeding of 2007 international conference on management science & engineering,2007,9
[9]蔡守秋.论排污权交易的法律问题.www.civillaw.com.cn,2004.12.9
[10]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
[11]张颖,王勇.我国排污权交易制度的应用研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2004,(4)：464-468.
[12]吴开超,白莹.市场失灵与市场自矫正机制[J].财经科学,2004,(5)：57-61.
[13]李寿德,王家祺.排污权交易制度的经济学基础分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004,(4)：169-173.
[14]林云华,冯兵.欧盟排污权的交易实践及对我国的启示[J].中国集体经济,2008.7
[15]彭德琳.新制度经济学[M].武汉：湖北人民出版,2002：69-70.
[16]凌虹,吴云波.排污权交易实施意义及实施关键探讨[J].中山大学学报论从,2004(5)
[10]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
[17]G.J.施蒂格勒.产业主组织和政府管制.上海人民出版社,1996
[10]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
[18]中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年(2006-2010年)规划纲要.人民网.2006.3.17
[19]环境保护部.2008年省、自治区、直辖市主要污染物总量减排考核结果.www.zhb.gov.cn/tylm/wrjp/.2009.7
[20]李蜀庆,张香萍.论建立我国的排污权交易法律制度[J].重庆大学学报,2004(1)：111--113.
1.汪劲.中国环境法原理[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2000
2.罗勇,曾晓非.环境保护的经济手段[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2002
3.Hahn R W. Market power and transferable property rights [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics 1984,99 (10):753-765
4.Westskog H. Market power in a system of tradable CO2 quotas [J]. Energy Journal,1996,17:85-103
5.Malik A S. Further results on permit markets with market power and cheating [J]. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2002,44:371-390
6.MalikA5.Enforeement costs and the choice of policy instruments for controlling pollution [J].EeonomieInquiry,1996,30:161-173.
7.Stranlund, J. K. Transferable Emissions Endogenous Monitoring and Enforcement of a Permit System[J]. Journal Environmental of Economics and Management,1999,38:267-282.
8.Zhao W H, Dai TS. Study on the emergence of market power in emission right market [C]. Proceeding of 2007 international conference on management science & engineering,2007,9
9.蔡守秋.论排污权交易的法律问题.www.civillaw.com.cn,2004.12.9
10.苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
11.张颖,王勇.我国排污权交易制度的应用研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2004,(4)：464-468.
12.吴开超,白莹.市场失灵与市场自矫正机制[J].财经科学,2004,(5)：57-61.
13.李寿德,王家祺.排污权交易制度的经济学基础分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004,(4)：169-173.
14.林云华,冯兵.欧盟排污权的交易实践及对我国的启示[J].中国集体经济,2008.7
15.彭德琳.新制度经济学[M].武汉：湖北人民出版,2002：69 70
16.凌虹,吴云波.排污权交易实施意义及实施关键探讨[J].中山大学学报论丛,2004(5)
17.G.J.施蒂格勒.产业主组织和政府管制.上海人民出版社,1996
18.中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年(2006～2010年)规划纲要.人民网.2006.3.17
19.环境保护部.2008年省、自治区、直辖市主要污染物总量减排考核结果.www.zhb.gov.cn/tylm/wrjp/.2009.7
20.李蜀庆,张香萍.论建立我国的排污权交易法律制度[J].重庆大学学报,2004(1)：111—113
21.Sartzetakis E S. Tradable emission permits regulations in the presence of imperfectly competitive product markets: Welfare Implications [J]. Environmental and Resource Economics,1997,9:65-81
22.Sartzetakis E S. On the efficiency of competitive markets for emission permits [J]. Environmental and Resource Economics,2004,27 (10):1～19
23.Coase R H. The problem of social Cost [J]. Journal of Law and Economics,1960,3 (1):1-44
24.Stavins, R. N. Transaction Costs and Tradeable Permits [J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1995,29:133-148.
25.马小明,李诗刚等.中国城市大气污染物总量控制方法及案例研究[J].北京大学学报,1999(3)：265-270.
26.王金南,杨金田.二氧化硫排放交易--中国的可行性[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2002
27.李寿德,王家祺.初始排污权不同分配下的交易对市场结构的影响研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004(1)：40--43.
28.施圣炜,黄桐城.期权理论在排污权初始分配中的应用[J].中国人口资源与环境,2005(1)：52--55.
29.李华等.美国的排污权交易制度及其对我国的启示[J].世界经济文汇,2001(6)
30.郭志伟.中国排污权交易制度研究与河北省交易制度构建[D].河北大学,2006.6
31.王小龙.排污权交易研究[M].北京：法律出版社,2008.9
32.钱水苗.论政府在排污权交易市场中的职能定位[J].中州学刊,2005(3)：87-90
33.谢晓林.我国排污权交易法律制度构建[J].求索,2005(3)：80-82
34.张颖,王勇.我国排污权交易制度的应用研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2004(8)
35.林红.大气污染物排放总量控制方案的确定[J].中国环境科学,1993(5)：328-333.
36.马中,Dan Dudek,吴健等.论总量控制与排污权交易[J].中国环境科学,2002(22)：89-92.
37.沈满虹.环境经济手段研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2001.9.5
[2]罗勇,曾晓非.环境保护的经济手段[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2002
[3]Hahn R W. Market power and transferable property rights [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics 1984,99 (10):753～765
[4]Westskog H. Market power in a system of tradable CO2 quotas [J]. Energy Journal,1996,17:85～103
[5]Malik A S. Further results on permit markets with market power and cheating [J]. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2002,44:371～390
[6]MalikA5.Enforeement costs and the choice of policy instruments for controlling pollution [J].EeonomieInquiry,1996,30:161-173.
[7]Stranlund, J. K. Transferable Emissions Endogenous Monitoring and Enforcement of a Permit System[J].Journal Environmental of Economics and Management,1999,38:267-282.
[8]Zhao W H, Dai TS. Study on the emergence of market power in emission right market [C].Proceeding of 2007 international conference on management science & engineering,2007,9
[9]蔡守秋.论排污权交易的法律问题.www.civillaw.com.cn,2004.12.9
[10]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
[11]张颖,王勇.我国排污权交易制度的应用研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2004,(4)：464-468.
[12]吴开超,白莹.市场失灵与市场自矫正机制[J].财经科学,2004,(5)：57-61.
[13]李寿德,王家祺.排污权交易制度的经济学基础分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004,(4)：169-173.
[14]林云华,冯兵.欧盟排污权的交易实践及对我国的启示[J].中国集体经济,2008.7
[15]彭德琳.新制度经济学[M].武汉：湖北人民出版,2002：69-70.
[16]凌虹,吴云波.排污权交易实施意义及实施关键探讨[J].中山大学学报论从,2004(5)
[10]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
[17]G.J.施蒂格勒.产业主组织和政府管制.上海人民出版社,1996
[10]苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
[18]中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年(2006-2010年)规划纲要.人民网.2006.3.17
[19]环境保护部.2008年省、自治区、直辖市主要污染物总量减排考核结果.www.zhb.gov.cn/tylm/wrjp/.2009.7
[20]李蜀庆,张香萍.论建立我国的排污权交易法律制度[J].重庆大学学报,2004(1)：111--113.
1.汪劲.中国环境法原理[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2000
2.罗勇,曾晓非.环境保护的经济手段[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2002
3.Hahn R W. Market power and transferable property rights [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics 1984,99 (10):753-765
4.Westskog H. Market power in a system of tradable CO2 quotas [J]. Energy Journal,1996,17:85-103
5.Malik A S. Further results on permit markets with market power and cheating [J]. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2002,44:371-390
6.MalikA5.Enforeement costs and the choice of policy instruments for controlling pollution [J].EeonomieInquiry,1996,30:161-173.
7.Stranlund, J. K. Transferable Emissions Endogenous Monitoring and Enforcement of a Permit System[J]. Journal Environmental of Economics and Management,1999,38:267-282.
8.Zhao W H, Dai TS. Study on the emergence of market power in emission right market [C]. Proceeding of 2007 international conference on management science & engineering,2007,9
9.蔡守秋.论排污权交易的法律问题.www.civillaw.com.cn,2004.12.9
10.苏东水.产业经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005
11.张颖,王勇.我国排污权交易制度的应用研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2004,(4)：464-468.
12.吴开超,白莹.市场失灵与市场自矫正机制[J].财经科学,2004,(5)：57-61.
13.李寿德,王家祺.排污权交易制度的经济学基础分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004,(4)：169-173.
14.林云华,冯兵.欧盟排污权的交易实践及对我国的启示[J].中国集体经济,2008.7
15.彭德琳.新制度经济学[M].武汉：湖北人民出版,2002：69 70
16.凌虹,吴云波.排污权交易实施意义及实施关键探讨[J].中山大学学报论丛,2004(5)
17.G.J.施蒂格勒.产业主组织和政府管制.上海人民出版社,1996
18.中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年(2006～2010年)规划纲要.人民网.2006.3.17
19.环境保护部.2008年省、自治区、直辖市主要污染物总量减排考核结果.www.zhb.gov.cn/tylm/wrjp/.2009.7
20.李蜀庆,张香萍.论建立我国的排污权交易法律制度[J].重庆大学学报,2004(1)：111—113
21.Sartzetakis E S. Tradable emission permits regulations in the presence of imperfectly competitive product markets: Welfare Implications [J]. Environmental and Resource Economics,1997,9:65-81
22.Sartzetakis E S. On the efficiency of competitive markets for emission permits [J]. Environmental and Resource Economics,2004,27 (10):1～19
23.Coase R H. The problem of social Cost [J]. Journal of Law and Economics,1960,3 (1):1-44
24.Stavins, R. N. Transaction Costs and Tradeable Permits [J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1995,29:133-148.
25.马小明,李诗刚等.中国城市大气污染物总量控制方法及案例研究[J].北京大学学报,1999(3)：265-270.
26.王金南,杨金田.二氧化硫排放交易--中国的可行性[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2002
27.李寿德,王家祺.初始排污权不同分配下的交易对市场结构的影响研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004(1)：40--43.
28.施圣炜,黄桐城.期权理论在排污权初始分配中的应用[J].中国人口资源与环境,2005(1)：52--55.
29.李华等.美国的排污权交易制度及其对我国的启示[J].世界经济文汇,2001(6)
30.郭志伟.中国排污权交易制度研究与河北省交易制度构建[D].河北大学,2006.6
31.王小龙.排污权交易研究[M].北京：法律出版社,2008.9
32.钱水苗.论政府在排污权交易市场中的职能定位[J].中州学刊,2005(3)：87-90
33.谢晓林.我国排污权交易法律制度构建[J].求索,2005(3)：80-82
34.张颖,王勇.我国排污权交易制度的应用研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2004(8)
35.林红.大气污染物排放总量控制方案的确定[J].中国环境科学,1993(5)：328-333.
36.马中,Dan Dudek,吴健等.论总量控制与排污权交易[J].中国环境科学,2002(22)：89-92.
37.沈满虹.环境经济手段研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2001.9.5